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Distributed computation of averages over ad hoc networks

IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS 2005年第4期23卷 776-787页

作者： Scherber, DS Papadopoulos, HC Univ Maryland Dept Elect & Comp Engn College Pk MD 20742 USA

In this paper, we develop algorithms for distributed computation of averages of the node data over networks With arbitrary but fixed connectivity. The algorithms we develop are linear dynamical systems that generate sequences of improving approximations to the desired computation at each node, via iterative processing and broadcasting. The algorithms are locally constructed at each node by exploiting only locally available and macroscopic information about the network topology. We present methods for optimizing the convergence rates of these algorithms to the desired computation, and evaluate their performance characteristics in the context of a problem of signal estimation from multinode noisy observations. By conducting simulations based on simple powerloss propagation models, we perform a preliminary comparison of the algorithms we develop against other types of distributed algorithms for computing averages, and identify transmit-power optimized algorithmic implementations as. a function of the size and density of the sensor network.

关键词： distributed algorithms distributed estimation sensor networks

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3D Scene Reconstruction Using Lidar Point Clouds and Images

3D Scene Reconstruction Using Lidar Point Clouds and Images

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1st international symposium on Systems Modelling and Simulation, SMS 2024

作者： Sabikan, Sulaiman Ntende, Kenneth Edmond Nawawi, Sophan Wahyudi Zakaria, Shahrudin Faculty of Electrical Technology and Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Hang Tuah Jaya Melaka Durian Tunggal76100 Malaysia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Skudai81310 UTM Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819646128

LiDAR technology has been a key component in the field of 3D mapping in recent years due to its relative advantages, such as high accuracy regardless of the environmental setting. Consequently, it has been utilized in numerous outdoor and indoor applications, including city planning, autonomous driving, and more . However, the adoption of LiDAR for 3D mapping is limited due to challenges such as the high cost of 3D LiDAR sensors, low resolution and refresh rate and speed shift of targets among others. To enhance and achieve a comprehensive 3D understanding of an environment, the use of multiple sensors in conjunction with LiDAR has been shown to yield significant results. The integration of LiDAR and cameras has demonstrated the ability to provide a rich context for 3D scene construction. Notable performance in various 3D vision tasks has been observed with these two common sensor types: LiDAR and cameras. Cameras provide scene context and semantic information, while LiDAR sensors deliver precise 3D geometry. However, due to the difference in data types—namely, image data and point clouds—a challenge exists in determining the best method to combine such data for the reconstruction task. A data processing pipeline using the convolutional occupancy networks framework has been developed, incorporating a PointNet encoder and a ResNet model for the image data to achieve scene reconstruction. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Merging

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Self-organizing sensor networks

Self-organizing sensor networks

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3rd international symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing

作者： Marinescu, Dan C. Marinescu, Gabriela M. Yu, Chen Univ Cent Florida Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Orlando FL 32816 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424416523

In this paper we propose a scheme for self-organizing sensor networks;the scheme allows a sensor network to adapt to topological changes, include new batches of sensors, and disregard the sensors that have depleted their power reserves, or have been compromised. The algorithm for self-organization allows the sensor network to carry out its mission, has built-in provisions for information assurance, and extends the lifetime of the network by reducing the power consumption;it minimizes the number of collisions experienced by a sensor when it transmits and maximizes the time a sensor is either idle or dedicated to monitoring and/or internal data processing.

关键词： sensor networks

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Efficient and robust query processing in dynamic environments using random walk techniques

Efficient and robust query processing in dynamic environment...

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3rd international symposium on information processing in sensor networks

作者： Avin, C Brito, C Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Comp Sci Los Angeles CA 90024 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1581138466

Many existing systems for sensor networks rely on state information stored in the nodes for proper operation (e.g., pointers to parent in a spanning tree, routing information, etc). In dynamic environments, such systems must adopt failure recovery mechanisms, which significantly increase the complexity and impact the overall performance. In this paper, we investigate alternative schemes for query processing based on random walk techniques. The robustness of this approach under dynamics follows from the simplicity of the process, which only requires the connectivity of the neighborhood to keep moving. In addition we show that visiting a constant fraction of sensor network, say 80%, using a random walk is efficient in number of messages and sufficient for answering many interesting queries with high quality. Finally, the natural behavior of a random walk, also provide the important properties of load-balancing and scalability.

关键词： sensor networks random walk query processing

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Virtual radar imaging for sensor networks

Virtual radar imaging for sensor networks

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3rd international symposium on information processing in sensor networks

作者： Ananthasubramaniam, B Madhow, U Univ Calif Santa Barbara Sch Elect & Comp Engn Goleta CA 93117 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1581138466

Most approaches to sensor data collection in the literature are based on a multihop wireless relay between sensor nodes forming an ad hoc network to reach a remote data-processing destination. In this paper, we propose an alternative Virtual Radar paradigm, which, in its most rudimentary form, is implementable with sensor nodes without networking capabilities. We introduce this concept for a simple setting in which each sensor only has one bit of information to send (e.g., indicating whether the level of a certain chemical has crossed a threshold). "Active" sensors (those which have one to send) respond to a beacon sent by the collector node, precisely timed with a trigger sequence in the beacon. The collector node uses a modified version of synthetic aperture radar processing to obtain an "image" of the activity in the sensor network.

关键词： sensors data collection SAR location estimation imaging

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sensor fusion and estimation strategies for data traffic reduction in rooted wireless sensor networks

Sensor fusion and estimation strategies for data traffic red...

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3rd IEEE international symposium on Control, Communications and Signal processing (ISCCSP 2008)

作者： Agnoli, A. Chiuso, A. D'Errico, P. Pegoraro, A. Schenato, L. Univ Padua Dept Informat Engn I-35100 Padua Italy Univ Padua Dept Management & Engni I-35100 Padua Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781424416875

One of the main issues with wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is communication efficiency to reduce power consumption. This is often achieved through data routing with aggregation. However, aggregation does not consider possible measurements correlation. This a priori information can be used for data fusion, in order to remove correlation of transmitted data, thus reducing amount of information to be transmitted. In this paper we explore different information processing strategy for state estimation of dynamic linear systems in the context of rooted wireless sensor networks. We propose three data fusion methods: standard measurement aggregation, measurement fusion, and fusion of partial state estimates. These strategies are specifically designed to include possible delayed or dropped packets. Finally, they are compared in term of power consumption efficiency, estimation accuracy, computational and memory complexity, showing tradeoffs between these metrics.

关键词： State estimation

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The Sybil attack in sensor networks: Analysis & defenses

The Sybil attack in sensor networks: Analysis & defenses

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3rd international symposium on information processing in sensor networks

作者： Newsome, J Shi, E Song, D Perrig, A Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1581138466

Security is important for many sensor network applications. A particularly harmful attack against sensor and ad hoc networks is known as the Sybil attack [6], where a node illegitimately claims multiple identities. This paper systematically analyzes the threat posed by the Sybil attack to wireless sensor networks. We demonstrate that the attack can be exceedingly detrimental to many important functions of the sensor network such as routing, resource allocation, misbehavior detection, etc. We establish a classification of different types of the Sybil attack, which enables us to better understand the threats posed by each type, and better design countermeasures against each type. We then propose several novel techniques to defend against the Sybil attack, and analyze their effectiveness quantitatively.

关键词： Sybil attack sensor networks security

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Flexible power scheduling for sensor networks

Flexible power scheduling for sensor networks

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3rd international symposium on information processing in sensor networks

作者： Hohlt, B Doherty, L Brewer, E Univ Calif Berkeley Div Comp Sci Berkeley CA 94720 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1581138466

We propose a distributed on-demand power-management protocol for collecting data in sensor networks. The protocol aims to reduce power consumption while supporting fluctuating demand in the network and provide local routing information and synchronicity without global control. Energy savings are achieved by powering down nodes during idle times identified through dynamic scheduling. We present a real implementation on wireless sensor nodes based on a novel, two-level architecture. We evaluate our approach through measurements and simulation, and show how the protocol allows adaptive scheduling and enables a smooth trade-off between energy savings and latency. An example current measurement shows an energy savings of 83% on an intermediate node.

关键词： sensor networks communication scheduling power management

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Semidefinite programming for ad hoc wireless sensor network localization

Semidefinite programming for ad hoc wireless sensor network ...

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3rd international symposium on information processing in sensor networks

作者： Biswas, P Ye, YY Stanford Univ Dept Elect Engn Stanford CA 94305 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1581138466

We describe an SDP relaxation based method for the position estimation problem in wireless sensor networks. The optimization problem is set up so as to minimize the error in sensor positions to fit distance measures. Observable gauges are developed to check the quality of the point estimation of sensors or to detect erroneous sensors. The performance of this technique is highly satisfactory compared to other techniques. Very few anchor nodes are required to accurately estimate the position of all the unknown nodes in a network. Also the estimation errors are minimal even when the anchor nodes are not suitably placed within the network or the distance measurements are noisy.

关键词： semidefinite programming sensor network localization

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Lattice networks: Capacity limits, optimal routing, and queueing behavior

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IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING 2006年第3期14卷 492-505页

作者： Barrenetxea, Guillermo Berefull-Lozano, Baltasar Vetterli, Martin Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Sch Comp Sci & Commun CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

Lattice networks are widely used in regular settings like grid computing, distributed control, satellite constellations, and sensor networks. Thus, limits on capacity, optimal routing policies, and performance with finite buffers are key issues and are addressed in this paper. In particular, we study the routing aigorithms that achieve the maximum rate per node for infinite and finite buffers in the nodes and different communication models, namely uniform communications, central data gathering and border data gathering. In the case of nodes with infinite buffers, we determine the capacity of the network and we characterize the set of optimal routing algorithms that achieve capacity. In the case of nodes with finite buffers, we approximate the queue network problem and obtain the distribution on the queue size at the nodes. This distribution allows us to study the effect of routing on the queue distribution and derive the algorithms that achieve the maximum rate.

关键词： border data gathering data gathering lattice networks network capacity queueing theory routing square grid torus uniform communication

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