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检索条件"任意字段=3rd International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks"

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The effects of terrain types on 3D coverage under heterogeneous deployment strategies in Wireless sensor networks

The effects of terrain types on 3D coverage under heterogene...

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international international symposium on Computer and information Sciences (ISCIS)

作者： Sema Oktug Anar Khalilov Hakan Tezcan Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey

This paper focuses on the 3D coverage problem in wireless sensor networks employing real-world terrain models. Firstly, we examine the sensing models used in WSN and propose novel deployment strategies. Then, we study the coverage behavior of these heterogeneous deployment strategies under three 3D real-world terrain models. Our purpose is to find answers to questions like which deployment strategy gives the best 3D coverage for a specified 3D terrain and how many sensors are needed to maintain coverage at a specified percentage. Furthermore, on these 3D real-world terrain models we also study the effects of sleeping on coverage. Simulation results demonstrate that for a given terrain type an appropriate deployment strategy can be selected to obtain required 3D coverage level.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks sensor systems Computer networks Programmable control Adaptive control

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Smart configurable wireless sensors and actuators for industrial monitoring and control

Smart configurable wireless sensors and actuators for indust...

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international symposium on Communications Control and Signal processing (ISCCSP)

作者： Asad M. Madni President and Chief Operating Officer (Retired) BEI Technologies Inc. Los Angeles USA

Intelligent wireless sensor-based controls have drawn industry attention on account of reduced costs, better power management, ease in maintenance, and effortless deployment in remote and hard-to-reach areas. They have been successfully deployed in many industrial applications such as Maintenance, monitoring, control, security, etc. This presentation focuses on research that addresses the issues faced by instrumentation systems and predictive maintenance industrial applications and presents a design solution to cater to the issues faced by these applications. Instrumentation systems are either open or closed loop control systems formed using sensors and actuators with the objective of controlling certain parameters, or state of the system. The system elements are always in communication with each other, typically, requiring real-time performance and built-in fault-tolerance for communication/node failure - to return to a safe-state in a deterministic amount of time. Predictive-maintenance involves tracking physical state of equipment or machine, and to take action, if an acceptable or allowed state(s) is violated. Predictive-maintenance applications are not active all the time in Order to conserve energy. The sensors are either periodic or event-based; they wake up, check status and go back to sleep. In case of any violation, they raise an alarm or record the digression. They are very useful in keeping machine downtimes low and help locate the problem before the machine breaks down. Typical systems employ different types of sensors (e.g., position, accelerometers, gyros, etc.) and actuators (e.g., motors) often deployed within the same network, having different capabilities, interfaces, and supporting different protocols for data and communications. Formation of systems from such diverse distributed sensor elements entails versatile control modules, which understand different sensor protocols and utilize them. In addition, the operational challenges are exacerbated

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Intelligent sensors Intelligent actuators Industrial control Monitoring sensor systems Radio frequency Electrical equipment industry Open loop systems Instruments

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Delay-Sensitive Resource Management in Multi-Hop Cognitive Radio networks

Delay-Sensitive Resource Management in Multi-Hop Cognitive R...

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IEEE international symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access networks, DySPAN

作者： Hsien-Po Shiang Mihaela van der Schaar Department of Electrical Engineering (EE) University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA

Dynamic resource management by the various cognitive nodes fundamentally changes the passive way that wireless nodes are currently adapting their transmission strategies to match available wireless resources, by enabling them to consciously influence the wireless system dynamics based on the gathered information about other network nodes. In this paper, we discuss the main challenges of performing such dynamic resource management by emphasizing the distributed information in the dynamic multi-agent system. Specifically, the decisions on how to adapt the aforementioned resource management at sources and relays need to be performed in an informationally-decentralized manner, as the tolerable delay does not allow propagating information back and forth throughout the multi-hop infrastructure to a centralized decision maker. The term "cognitive" refers in our paper to both the capability of the network nodes to achieving large spectral efficiencies through exploitation and mitigation of channel and interference variability by dynamically using different frequency bands as well as their ability to learn the "environment" (channel conditions and source characteristic) and the actions of competing nodes through the designed information exchange. We propose our dynamic resource management algorithms performed at each network nodes integrated with multi-agent learning that explicitly consider the timeliness and the cost of such information exchange. The results show that our dynamic resource management approach improves the PSNR of multiple video streams by more than 3 dB as opposed to the state-of-the-art dynamic frequency channel/route selection approaches without learning capability, when the network resources are limited.

关键词： Cognitive radio Delay Interference Resource management Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Relays

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Joint routing and per-flow fairness in wireless multihop networks

Joint routing and per-flow fairness in wireless multihop net...

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international symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing (ISWPC)

作者： A. Sgora D. J. Vergados D. D. Vergados I. Tinnirello I. Anagnostopoulos D. Vouyioukas Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering University of the Aegean Samos Greece Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Viale delle Scienze Universita’ degli Studi di Palermo Palermo Italy

In wireless multihop networks communication between two end-nodes is carried out by hopping over multiple short wireless links. Traditional CSMA/CA based media access control does not work satisfactory in a multihop scenario, since an intended target of a communication may be subject to mutual interference imposed by concurrent transmissions from nodes which cannot directly sense each other, causing unfair throughput allocation. Although TDMA seems to be a more promising solution, careful transmission scheduling is needed in order to achieve error-free communication and fairness. In our previous work, a TDMA scheduling algorithm has been proposed that schedules the transmissions in a fair manner and takes into account the communication requirements of the active flows of the network. In this paper, in order to further improve this scheme, we combine the TDMA scheduling algorithm with two different load-balancing algorithms. Simulation results showed that the proposed load-balancing policies can further improve the performance of the TDMA scheduling algorithm.

关键词： Routing Spread spectrum communication Time division multiple access Scheduling algorithm Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Multiaccess communication Media Access Protocol Interference Throughput

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The LiteOS Operating System: Towards Unix-Like Abstractions for Wireless sensor networks

The LiteOS Operating System: Towards Unix-Like Abstractions ...

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international symposium on information processing in sensor networks (IPSN)

作者： Qing Cao Tarek Abdelzaher John Stankovic Tian He Department of Computer Science University of Virginia USA Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign USA Department of Computer Science University of Minnesota USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531571

This paper presents LiteOS, a multi-threaded operating system that provides Unix-like abstractions for wireless sensor networks. Aiming to be an easy-to-use platform, LiteOS offers a number of novel features, including: (1) a hierarchical file system and a wireless shell interface for user interaction using UNIX-like commands; (2) kernel support for dynamic loading and native execution of multithreaded applications; and (3) online debugging, dynamic memory, and file system assisted communication stacks. LiteOS also supports software updates through a separation between the kernel and user applications, which are bridged through a suite of system calls. Besides the features that have been implemented, we also describe our perspective on LiteOS as an enabling platform. We evaluate the platform experimentally by measuring the performance of common tasks, and demonstrate its programmability through twenty-one example applications.

关键词： Operating systems Wireless sensor networks sensor systems File systems Computer science Application software Linux Kernel Debugging Network operating systems

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C-ERROR simulator for development for sensor and location aware sensing applications

C-ERROR simulator for development for sensor and location aw...

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international Conference on Sensing Technology, ICST

作者： Vasanth Iyer G. Rama Murthy M.B. Srinivas Bertrand Hochet International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad India Digital Communications Group University of Applied Science Western Switzerland

Distributed wireless sensor applications are useful for visualizing spatially and geographically related data such as location, neighborhood, weather, and measuring specific changes in the environment. Desires to augment these interfaces with additional specifications needed for distributed applications such as Power-Aware, Fault-tolerance and Processor agnostic deployment requirements have led to create a custom distributed Network Embedded Test-Bed that locally aggregate the measured signal from individual sensors and send it to a central coordinator for combined processing. We envision publishing and querying real-time (e.g. from sensors) over such distributed sensor farm applications which are deployed wirelessly and form a large sensor network. Existing solutions, although useful for writing the simple applications mentioned above, have several drawbacks in achieving this vision. First, publishing even a single stream of data as a useful service is a non-trivial task. Much useful data is not being stored yet because the need for managing a sensor farm has lots of complexities which make them unreliable in terms of polling time and communications costs. Second, existing applications are mutually incompatible and are processor centric and needs many ports which may introduce un-reliability. Third communication costs are not scalable to handle a sensor farm application and it does not provide an easy way to extend such a Network Embedded Test-Bed. The Network Embedded Test-Bed project aims to address these challenges, we like to model existing applications needs into a cross layer sensor network simulator called C-ERROR(Cross Layer Reusable Resource Optimized Routing) which allows different clustering algorithms to be integrated and measure its performance at each layer of the stack. To have a platform independent sensor OS and a scheduler which allows creating sensing tasks that have real-time constraints.

关键词： Testing Publishing Costs Wireless sensor networks Data visualization Fault tolerance Aggregates Signal processing Writing Cross layer design

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Real-Time Human Posture Reconstruction in Wireless Smart Camera networks

Real-Time Human Posture Reconstruction in Wireless Smart Cam...

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international symposium on information processing in sensor networks (IPSN)

作者： Chen Wu Hamid Aghajan Richard Kleihorst Wireless Sensor Networks Laboratory University of Stanford USA NXP Semiconductors Research Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531571

While providing a variety of intriguing application opportunities, a vision sensor network poses three key challenges. High computation capacity is required for early vision functions to enable real-time performance. Wireless links limit image transmission in the network due to both bandwidth and energy concerns. Last but not least, there is a lack of established vision-based fusion mechanisms when a network of cameras is available. In this paper a distributed vision processing implementation of human pose interpretation on a wireless smart camera network is presented. The motivation for employing distributed processing is to both achieve real-time vision and provide scalability for developing more complex vision algorithms. The distributed processing operation includes two levels. One is that each smart camera processes its local vision data, achieving spatial parallelism. The other is that different functionalities of the whole line of vision processing are assigned to early vision and object-level processors, achieving functional parallelism based on the processor capabilities. Aiming for low power consumption and high image processing performance, the wireless smart camera is based on an SIMD (single-instruction multiple-data) video analysis processor, an 8051 micro-controller as the local host, and wireless communication through the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The vision algorithm implements 3D human pose reconstruction. From the live image data from the sensor the smart camera acquires critical joints of the subject in the scene through local processing. The results obtained by multiple smart cameras are then transmitted through the wireless channel to a central PC where the 3D pose is recovered and demonstrated in a virtual reality gaming application. The system operates in real time with a 30 frames/sec rate.

关键词： Humans Smart cameras Wireless sensor networks Image reconstruction Intelligent sensors Distributed processing Parallel processing Computer vision High performance computing Image communication

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Identification of Low-Level Point Radiation Sources Using a sensor Network

Identification of Low-Level Point Radiation Sources Using a ...

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international symposium on information processing in sensor networks (IPSN)

作者： Nageswara S. V. Rao Mallikarjun Shankar Jren-Chit Chin David K. Y. Yau Srinivasagopalan Srivathsan S. Sitharama Iyengar Yong Yang Jennifer C. Hou University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign USA Purdue University USA Louisiana State University USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531571

Identification of a low-level point radiation source amidst background radiation is achieved by a network of radiation sensors using a two-step approach. Based on measurements from three sensors, the geometric difference triangulation method is used to estimate the location and strength of the source. Then a sequential probability ratio test based on current measurements and estimated parameters is employed to finally decide: (1) the presence of a source with the estimated parameters, or (2) the absence of the source, or (3) the insufficiency of measurements to make a decision. This method achieves specified levels of false alarm and missed detection probabilities, while ensuring a close-to-minimal number of measurements for reaching a decision. This method minimizes the ghost-source problem of current estimation methods, and achieves a lower false alarm rate compared with current detection methods. This method is tested and demonstrated using: (1) simulations, and (2) a test-bed that utilizes the scaling properties of point radiation sources to emulate high intensity ones that cannot be easily and safely handled in laboratory experiments.

关键词： Radiation detectors Sequential analysis Parameter estimation Laboratories Current measurement Testing sensor systems information processing Dispersion Cosmic rays

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Increasing Wireless sensor Network Lifetime through the Application of SOM Neural networks

Increasing Wireless Sensor Network Lifetime through the Appl...

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3rd international symposium on Communications, Control, and Signal processing (ISCCSP 2008), vol.1

作者： Mario Cordina Carl J. Debono Department of Communications and Computer Engineering University of Malta Msida Malta

Wireless sensor networks are an emerging technology that have garnered significant research attention due to their extensive ability to monitor the physical world and their applicability to an extensive range of applications. These networks are generally battery powered making the lifetime of the network a major concern. This energy consumption problem can be mitigated to some extent through the use of energy-aware cluster-based routing algorithms. This work presents a novel cluster-based routing algorithm based on self-organizing map (SOM) neural networks. This solution optimizes the network in clusters in an attempt to balance the energy and reduce the transmission power required by the nodes. Results show that through the application of this optimization technique the system's lifetime is increased by 57% (in terms of First Node Dies) when compared to LEACH.

关键词： SOM neural networks Clustering algorithms Wireless sensor networks

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Zigbee sensor networks with Data Fusion

Zigbee Sensor Networks with Data Fusion

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3rd international symposium on Communications, Control, and Signal processing (ISCCSP 2008), vol.1

作者： Gianluigi Ferrari Paolo Medagliani Marco Martalo Andrea Muzzini Wireless Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks (WASN) Laboratory Department of Information Engineering University of Parma Parma Italy A.E.B. s.r.l. Cavriago Reggio Emilia Italy

In this paper, we propose a simulation-based analysis of the impact of data fusion mechanisms in a Zigbee sensor network used to monitor a spatially constant binary phenomenon. The performance indicators of interest are both physical layer-oriented (Bit Error Rate, BER) and networking-oriented (throughput, delay, and aggregate throughput). The considered topologies encompass both the absence and the presence of clustering. In the first class of scenarios, we analyze the impact, on the system performance, of the number of transmitting sensors, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) at the sensors, and the presence of ACKnowledgment (ACK) messages. In the second class of scenarios, instead, we analyze the BER performance, in the presence of uniform and non-uniform clustering configurations. Data fusion is considered at the Access Point (AP) and, in clustered configurations, also at the clusterheads, which act as intermediate Fusion Centers (FCs). To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to characterize a Zigbee sensor network from a joint physical layer/networking perspective. Moreover, the proposed simulation results confirm recently obtained theoretical results.

关键词： ZigBee sensor fusion sensor phenomena and characterization Bit error rate Throughput Performance analysis sensor systems Analytical models Monitoring Aggregates

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