Sound source localization systems typically measure differences in time-of-arrival between microphones in free field arrays. Using a different concept, we previously designed and built a localization system that mimic...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
Sound source localization systems typically measure differences in time-of-arrival between microphones in free field arrays. Using a different concept, we previously designed and built a localization system that mimics nature's solution of harnessing wave diffraction about the head while relying only on two sensors positioned antipodally. Departing from the biological constraint of two sensors, I recently showed that for broadband sources, a high acuity array could be designed with merely three microphones. Yet adding more microphones may further increase acuity and robustness. the localization algorithm we have developed uses pair-wise comparisons between microphones, the number of which increases quadratically withthe number of microphones, N. In order to minimize calculations in time sensitive applications, choosing a subset of pairs may be important. I examine this issue here through simulations of a hexagonal array. thanks to the redundancy of spatial information contained in multiple microphone measurements, algorithms that are linear in N allow high acuity localization of broadband sources.
Capacity analysis of sensor networks or wireless ad hoc networks has attracted a great attention in the past years. But the research in this area has primarily focused on scaling laws of arbitrary or random network in...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
Capacity analysis of sensor networks or wireless ad hoc networks has attracted a great attention in the past years. But the research in this area has primarily focused on scaling laws of arbitrary or random network instead of the exact capacity of given topologies. While the insight into how the capacity of an arbitrary or random network scales withthe number of nodes in a given area is important, the exact capacity of a network depends on the network topology and can be more desirable in practice. In this paper, we compare the throughput of a large network withthree possible topologies: square (rectangular), hexagonal and triangular. With a given topology, the network throughput also depends on the choice of routing protocols. We follow a synchronous array method (SAM) that is known so far to yield the highest throughout of a network on a rectangular grid.
Voice based computing applications, such as phone communication and speech recognition, use microphone arrays to capture voice from a human speaker. In many environments of interest, however, sounds from other sources...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
Voice based computing applications, such as phone communication and speech recognition, use microphone arrays to capture voice from a human speaker. In many environments of interest, however, sounds from other sources interfere withthe speaker's voice, posing severe problems for subsequent processing. this paper describes a new framework for treating this problem, and presents and demonstrates a new algorithm for the cancellation of interfering sounds. Our framework combines techniques from statistical machine learning with ideas from speech and audio processing. An important feature involves training rich probabilistic models on data from different types of relevant sound sources. nose source models are then incorporated into a larger probabilistic model of the observed microphone data. Using that model we derive our algorithm, which is of the expectation-maximization type and infers from data the clean sound of separate individual sources. We report very good results on data recorded in different environments.
For the element position synthesis of 2-dimension sparse rectangular arrays withthe design constraints of the number of elements, the aperture and the minimum element spacing, an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) base...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
For the element position synthesis of 2-dimension sparse rectangular arrays withthe design constraints of the number of elements, the aperture and the minimum element spacing, an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) based on chromosome element resetting is presented in this paper. Compared withthe synthesis method of thinned arrays, this new approach could exploit more degree of freedom of elements to control the characters of the sparse arrays. When the aperture, the number of elements and the minimum element spacing are fixed identical, the new approach can make the sparse plane array produce lower peak sidelobe level (PSLL). the simulated results show that the fitness function value of thinned plane arrays with 108 elements mentioned by Haupt can reduce 5.626dB when the minimum element spacing of half wavelength was introduced into the optimization. And as well, the great efficiency and the robustness of IGA are shown in this paper.
A method is presented of performing geolocation of fixed emitters from a single, airborne platform using a two-element, very long baseline interferometer (VLBI) from 10 to 100 feet in length. the interferometer baseli...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
A method is presented of performing geolocation of fixed emitters from a single, airborne platform using a two-element, very long baseline interferometer (VLBI) from 10 to 100 feet in length. the interferometer baseline is precisely tracked through a differential GPS system using auxiliary antennas placed in close proximity to the VLBI pair. A lever arm correction is applied to arrive at the VLBI baseline from the GPS measurements. A batch least squares processing algorithm is presented that operates on the interferometric phase measurements directly and resolves the associated ambiguities through global search strategies. A method of eliminating receiver phase bias by performing a difference operation is shown. Simulation results and Cramer-Rao lower bounds are also presented.
We propose a low complexity arrayprocessing method for differential detection of OFDM signals over underwater acoustic channels. Partial FFT technique, developed previously for mitigating inter-carrier interference i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467310710
We propose a low complexity arrayprocessing method for differential detection of OFDM signals over underwater acoustic channels. Partial FFT technique, developed previously for mitigating inter-carrier interference in single-channel receivers operating over time-varying channels, is extended to multichannel configuration. Performance results based on simulation and experimental data demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method compared to conventional differential and coherent detection.
this paper investigates an adaptive beamforming technique that is robust against imperfect knowledge of signal and interference arrival directions, antenna calibration errors and other similar imperfections. the propo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467310710
this paper investigates an adaptive beamforming technique that is robust against imperfect knowledge of signal and interference arrival directions, antenna calibration errors and other similar imperfections. the proposed technique is based on Generalized Sidelobe Canceller but uses Slepian sequences in boththe steering and blocking lobes of the algorithm. Only Slepians corresponding to large spectral concentrations are used in the branches. the theoretical results are verified in a simulation study.
Traditional directional modulation (DM) designs are based on the assumption that there is no multi-path effect between transmitters and receivers. One problem withthese designs is that the resultant systems will be v...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538647523
Traditional directional modulation (DM) designs are based on the assumption that there is no multi-path effect between transmitters and receivers. One problem withthese designs is that the resultant systems will be vulnerable to eavesdroppers which are aligned with or very close to the desired directions, as the received modulation pattern at these positions is similar to the given one. To solve the problem, a two-ray multi-path model is studied for positional modulation and the coefficients design problem for a given array geometry and a location-optimised antenna array is solved, where the multi-path effect is exploited to generate a given modulation pattern at desired positions, with scrambled values at positions around them.
Graph signalprocessing (GSP) can be applied as a modeling tool to study and optimally configure IoT sensor networks. Such networks are often characterized by stringent power requirements and a high probability of sen...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665406338
Graph signalprocessing (GSP) can be applied as a modeling tool to study and optimally configure IoT sensor networks. Such networks are often characterized by stringent power requirements and a high probability of sensor fault. In this scenario, understanding and governing the response on a sample of the sensors is critical to maximizing network lifetime and spreading out maintenance time. the aim of this paper is to verify the ability of the GSP to model and provide answers to these goals.
In this paper, we propose a novel myopic sensor scheduling methodology for tracking a target moving through a network of energy-constrained acoustic sensors. Specifically, we address the problem of activating the mini...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
In this paper, we propose a novel myopic sensor scheduling methodology for tracking a target moving through a network of energy-constrained acoustic sensors. Specifically, we address the problem of activating the minimum-energy combination of sensors in a network that maintains a desired squared-error accuracy in the target's position estimate. We first formulate the scheduling problem as a binary (0-1) nonlinear programming (NLP) problem. Using a linearization technique, we then convert the 0-1 NLP problem into a 0-1 mixed integer programming (MIP) problem. We solve the reformulated 01 MIP problem using a linear programming relaxation based branch-and-bound technique. We demonstrate through Monte Carlo simulations that our proposed MIP scheduling method is very computational efficient as we can find optimal solutions to scheduling problems involving 50-60 sensors withprocessing time in the order of seconds.
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