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MAP-PF 3D position tracking using multiple sensor array

MAP-PF 3D position tracking using multiple sensor array

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Kristine L. Bell Richard Pitre Department of Statistics George Mason University Fairfax VA USA RobTre Research Limited Liability Company Clarksville MD USA

the maximum a posteriori penalty function (MAP-PF) approach is applied to three-dimensional (3D) target position tracking of multiple wideband sources using multiple distributed sensor arrays. the track estimation problem is formulated directly from the array data using the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation criterion. the penalty function (PF) method of nonlinear programming is used to obtain a tractable solution. A sequential update procedure is developed in which penalized maximum likelihood estimates of target directions-of-arrival (DOAs) and spectra are computed at each array and then used as synthetic measurements in a set of extended Kalman filters. the two steps are coupled via the penalty function. the current target states are used to guide the DOA/spectrum estimation, and the estimated signal spectra control the influence of the DOA estimates from each array on the final track estimates. the algorithm can be implemented in a decentralized manner where DOA/spectrum estimation is performed at the arrays, and track estimation is performed at a central processing site.

关键词： Target tracking Direction of arrival estimation arrays Estimation Spectral analysis Maximum likelihood estimation sensor arrays

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2D MIMO Radar with Coprime arrays

2D MIMO Radar with Coprime Arrays

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Conghui Li Lu Gan Cong Ling Department of EEE Imperial College London London UK School of Engineering and Design Brunel University London UK

In this contribution, a new class of planar coprime MIMO radar systems based on quadratic integers is proposed where the antenna locations are represented by lattice points generated by prime integers in quadratic number fields. By exploiting the coprimality of certain quadratic integers, the virtual coarrays of proposed structures enjoy a quadratic gain in parameter identifiability according to the Chinese Remainder theorem (CRT). To avoid holes in the coarray, we present Hole-free CRT arrays with guaranteed full-rank autocorrelation matrices for subspace-based target estimation. the ring of Gaussian integers and the ring of Eisenstein integers are chosen as examples of designing coprime MIMO radar systems. It is shown that the proposed arrays achieve enhanced angular resolutions and improve the side lobe suppression. In the context of target estimation, simulations show the superior performance of the coprime MIMO structures based on CRT.

关键词： Cathode ray tubes Antenna arrays array signal processing Lattices Antenna radiation patterns Radar antennas Transmitting antennas

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MULTIVARIATE SPECTRAL RECONSTRUCTION OF STAP COVARIANCE MATRICES: HERMITIAN "RELAXATION" AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

MULTIVARIATE SPECTRAL RECONSTRUCTION OF STAP COVARIANCE MATR...

引用

2008 ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Yuri I. Abramovich Ben A. Johnson Nicholas K. Spencer ISR Division DSTO Australia Edinburgh Australia ITR-University of South Australia SA Australia Adelaide Research & Innovation Pty Ltd (ARI) DSTO Australia Edinburgh SA Australia

In space-time adaptive processing (STAP) applications, temporally stationary clutter results in a Toeplitz-block clutter covariance matrix. In the reduced-order parametric matched filter STAP technique, this covariance matrix is reconstructed from a small number of estimated parameters, resulting in a much more efficient use of training samples. this paper explores a computationally advantageous "relaxed" maximum entropy (Burg) reconstruction technique which does not restore a strict Toeplitz-block structure, but does preserve the Burg spectrum. Performance of the reconstructed covariance matrix model as a STAP filter is evaluated using the DARPA KASSPER dataset and compared with "proper" Toeplitz-block reconstruction.

关键词： Toeplitz matrices Covariance matrices Autoregressive processes Maximum entropy methods Space-time adaptive processing

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Coprime conditions for Fourier sampling for sparse recovery

Coprime conditions for Fourier sampling for sparse recovery

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Hema K. Achanta Sampurna Biswas Soura Dasgupta Mathews Jacob Bhanumati N. Dasgupta Raghuraman Mudumbai Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City IA Department of Mathematics University of Iowa Iowa City IA

this paper considers the spark of L × N submatrices of the N × N Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix. Here a matrix has spark m if every collection of its m - 1 columns are linearly independent. the motivation comes from such applications of compressed sensing as MRI and synthetic aperture radar, where device physics dictates the measurements to be Fourier samples of the signal. Consequently the observation matrix comprises certain rows of the DFT matrix. To recover an arbitrary k-sparse signal, the spark of the observation matrix must exceed 2k + 1. the technical question addressed in this paper is how to choose the rows of the DFT matrix so that its spark equals the maximum possible value L + 1. We expose certain coprimeness conditions that guarantee such a property.

关键词： Sparks Discrete Fourier transforms Zinc Sparse matrices Magnetic resonance imaging signal processing Conferences

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Rapid prototyping of a cost effective and flexible 4×4 mimo testbed

Rapid prototyping of a cost effective and flexible 4×4 mimo...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Douglas Kim Murat Torlak Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas Dallas Richardson TX USA

In this paper, we present the design of a low cost 4 times 4 multiple in multiple out (MIMO) wireless communications system testbed. Over recent years, an increasing number of research laboratories have begun experimental studies aimed at evaluating the achievable performance gains of MIMO technology as proposed in theory. the complexity of the experimental test platforms employed by these institutions have also increased over the years, supporting greater numbers of antennas while providing even more real-time computational processing power. these tremendous increases in capability, however, come at a very steep price which the vast majority of the wireless research community cannot afford. As an alternative, we present the design of a low cost 4 times 4 MIMO testbed for researchers solely interested in analyzing the physical layer performance of various MIMO technologies. As a demonstration of our testbed capabilities, we also present the results of a direction of arrival (DOA) experiment using the MUSIC algorithm and also cite another body of work on the experimental performance analysis of space, time, polarization diversity schemes which was also completed with use of the MIMO testbed described herein.

关键词： MIMO Transceivers Radio frequency Wireless communication Antennas Receiving antennas Real time systems

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On the Cramér-Rao bound for the constrained and unconstrained complex parameters

On the Cramér-Rao bound for the constrained and unconstrain...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Esa Ollila Visa Koivunen Jan Eriksson Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Oulu Oulu Finland Signal Processing Laboratory Helsinki University of Technology Finland

We derive a complex form of the unconstrained and constrained Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRB) of composite real parameters formed by stacking the real and imaginary part of the complex parameters. the derived complex constrained and unconstrained CRB is easy to calculate and possesses similar structure as in the real parameter case but with the real covariance, Jacobian and the Fisher information matrix replaced by complex matrices with analogous interpretations. the advantage of the complex CRB is that it is oftentimes easier to calculate than its real form. It is highlighted that a statistic that attains a bound on the complex covariance matrix alone do not necessarily attain the CRB since complex covariance matrix does not provide a full second-order description of a complex statistic since also the pseudo-covariance matrix is needed. Our derivations also lead to some new insights and theory that are similar to real CRB theory.

关键词： Covariance matrix Jacobian matrices Symmetric matrices Matrices signal processing Estimation Cramer-Rao bounds

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Direction of arrival estimation using nested vector-sensor arrays via tensor modeling

Direction of arrival estimation using nested vector-sensor a...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Keyong Han Arye Nehorai Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis MO USA

We propose a new class of nested vector-sensor arrays, via tensor modeling, which is capable of increasing the number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, compared with the uniform linear array (ULA). By using one component's information of the interspectral tensor, the proposed nested vector-sensor array can provide O(N 2 ) DOFs with only N physical sensors. To utilize the increased DOFs, a novel spatial smoothing approach is proposed, which preserves the data structure and avoids reorganization via tensor modeling. Further, we propose corresponding direction of arrival (DOA) estimation strategies. Based on the analytical results, we consider two main applications: electromagnetic (EM) vector sensors and acoustic vector sensors. We show that the DOA estimation performance is greatly improved due to the combination of the nested-array strategy and tensor modeling. the effectiveness of the proposed methods is verified through numerical examples.

关键词： arrays Vectors Tensile stress Estimation Direction-of-arrival estimation Acoustics Electromagnetics

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Experimental Evaluation of a Universal Dominant Mode Rejection Beamformer

Experimental Evaluation of a Universal Dominant Mode Rejecti...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： kathleen E. Wage John R. Buck Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. George Mason University Fairfax VA USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Dartmouth MA USA

the Dominant Mode Rejection (DMR) beamformer is designed to operate in non-stationary environments where few snapshots are available to estimate the sample covariance matrix (SCM). DMR assumes that the covariance can be split into orthogonal subspaces defined by the SCM eigenvectors: the first contains the loud interferers and the second contains the remaining signals and noise. the DMR approach requires an estimate of the rank of the interference subspace. Motivated by universal linear prediction, Buck and Singer propose a universal DMR beamformer that computes its weight vector as a linear combination of weight vectors for a set of fixed rank DMR beamformers. this universal DMR beamformer eliminates the need to explicitly estimate the rank of the interference subspace. Under reasonable mathematical assumptions, the universal DMR beamformer is guaranteed to converge to the performance of the best fixed rank beamformer in the set. this paper explores the performance of the universal DMR beamformer for a passive sonar data set acquired with a vertical line array deployed in the Philippine Sea.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Standards sensor arrays Narrowband array signal processing Covariance matrices Interference

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Real-time kernel-based multiple target tracking for robotic beating heart surgery

Real-time kernel-based multiple target tracking for robotic ...

引用

sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Gerhard Kurz Marcus Baum Uwe D. Hanebeck Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Germany University of Connecticut USA

Performing surgery on the beating heart has significant advantages for the patient compared to traditional heart surgery on the stopped heart. A remote-controlled robot can be used to automatically cancel out the movement of the beating heart. this necessitates precise tracking of the heart surface. For this purpose, we track 24 identical artificial markers placed on the heart. this creates a data association problem, because it is not known which measurement was obtained from which marker. To solve this problem, we apply a multiple target tracking method based on a symmetric kernel transformation. this method allows efficient handling of the data association problem even for a reasonably large number of targets. We demonstrate how to implement this method efficiently. the proposed approach is evaluated on in-vivo data of a real beating heart surgery performed on a porcine beating heart.

关键词： Heart Target tracking Vectors Surgery Covariance matrices Mathematical model signal processing algorithms

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Sound Source Localization for Hearing Aid Applications Using Wireless Microphones

Sound Source Localization for Hearing Aid Applications Using...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Mojtaba Farmani Michael Syskind Pedersen Jesper Jensen Oticon A/S SmØrum Denmark

State-of-the-art hearing aids (HAs) can connect to a wireless microphone worn by a talker of interest. this ability allows HAs to have access to almost noise-free sound signals of the target talker. In this paper, we aim to estimate the direction of arrival (DoA) of the target signal, given access to the noise-free target signal. Knowing the DoA of the target signal enables HAs to spatialize the wirelessly received target signals. the proposed estimator is based on a maximum likelihood (ML) approach and a database of DoA-dependent relative transfer functions (RTFs), and it supports both monaural and binaural microphone array configurations. For binaural configurations, we propose an information fusion strategy, which decreases the number of parameters required to be wirelessly transferred between the HAs. Further, we show that the proposed method not only has lower computational complexity, but also performs better than recent DoA estimators, which have access to the noise-free target signal.

关键词： Microphones Direction-of-arrival estimation Wireless communication Maximum likelihood estimation Databases Wireless sensor networks

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