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Static analysis of interaction nets for distributed implementations 4th

引用

4th international symposium on Static Analysis, SAS 1997

作者： Mackie, Ian École Polytechnique Palaiseau Cedex91128 France

ISBN: (纸本)9783540634683

Interaction nets can be seen as both a programming language and an intermediate language for the implementation of other paradigms of computation. One of their principal advantages is that the reduction process is both local and confluent, thus being ideally suited for the development of parallel implementations. For distributed memory architectures, however, there is a need to know how the net should be distributed amongst processors, i.e. how do we break up the net so that the communication is kept to a minimum. the purpose of this paper is to suggest an analysis to solve this problem, and hint at other possible analyses for different applications, for example dynamic load balancing. © 1997, Springer Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： Static analysis

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Available parallelism in video applications

Available parallelism in video applications

引用

30th Annual IEEE/ACM international symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO-30)

作者： Liao, H Wolfe, A Princeton Univ Princeton NJ 08544 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818679778

Most recent research in instruction-level parallelism has focused on general-purpose applications such as the SPEC benchmarks. Many quantitative experiments have been performed over the years measuring the impact of different execution models and optimization techniques on these applications. Recently, however, researchers have been developing various ILP architectures far media processors in order to exploit parallelism in audio, video, and graphics applications. It has been assumed that these applications contain far more potential parallelism than general-purpose code, but there have been few attempts to quantify the available parallelism. In this paper, we present a linear complexity, global scheduling algorithm that can process very long traces up to I billion operations. therefor-e, traces of video applications such as MPEG1, MPEG2, MPEG4 and H.263 encoders and decoders can be analyzed. Using an idealized execution model, speedups of over 1000 have been Sound in some applications. the experiment shows that eliminating currently identifiable bottlenecks can allow the exploitation of huge amounts of ILP in audio and video applications.

关键词： parallel processing systems

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An efficient technique for deadlock analysis of large scale process networks 4th

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4th international symposium of Formal Methods Europe, FME 1997

作者： Martin, J.M.R Jassim, S.A. Oxford University Computing Services 13 Banbury Road Oxford0X2 6NN United Kingdom Department of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Science University of Buckingham MK18 lEG United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)3540635335

Nowadays we are becoming increasingly dependent on parallel or distributed computer systems for many safety critical applications. therefore, in order to avoid software precipitated catastrophes, we must look for ways to enable software engineers to design systems that are free from pathological problems such as deadlock. Traditionally deadlock has been one of the most feared problems in parallel computing. Existing tools which perform deadlock analysis can usually cope only with rather small networks due to the problem of exponential state explosion. Here we describe the implementation of a new, highly efficient, graph-theoretical approach to automatically proving deadlock-freedom which can be used to analyse CSP networks of arbitrary size. Our methods exploit previous work by S. D. Brookes, A. W. Roscoe and N. Dathi. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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Partially-dependent functional decomposition with applications in FPGA synthesis and mapping 97

Partially-dependent functional decomposition with applicatio...

引用

Proceedings of the 1997 ACM 5th international symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, FPGA

作者： Cong, Jason Hwang, Yean-Yow Univ of California Los Angeles CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780897918015

In this paper, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of partially-dependent functional decomposition and develop new algorithms to compute such decompositions. We apply our method to the synthesis and mapping for Xilinx XC4000 FPGA's which contain non-uniform sizes of LUT's in its architecture. We develop a new mapping algorithm named PDDMAP which uses CLB's to cover nodes on critical paths for depth minimization and uses LUT's to cover non-critical nodes for area minimization. On average, PDDMAP is able to reduce the depth by 13% with only 1% of increase in area comparing to the results by FlowMap followed by a CLB generation procedure match_4k. We also develop a post-mapping procedure named PDDSYN which resynthesizes mapping solutions to reduce the mapping area. On average, PDDSYN is able to improve PDDMAP mapping solutions by 5% in depth and 7% in CLB count, and achieves 8% smaller depth and 11% fewer CLB count comparing to FlowSyn followed by match_4k.

关键词： parallel processing systems

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Causality filters: a tool for the online visualization and steering of parallel and distributed programs

Causality filters: a tool for the online visualization and s...

引用

international symposium on parallel processing

作者： E. Kraemer Department of Computer Science School of Engineering and Applied Science Washington University Saint Louis MO USA

Interactive program steering is a promising technique for improving the performance of parallel and distributed applications. Steering decisions are typically based on visual presentations of some subset of the computation's current state, a historical view of the computation's behavior or views of metrics based on the program's performance. As in any endeavor good decisions require accurate information. However the distributed nature of the collection process may result in distortions in the portrayal of the program's execution. these distortions stem from the merging of streams of information from distributed collection points into a single stream without enforcing the ordering relationships that held among the program components that produced the information. An ordering filter placed at the point at which the streams are merged can ensure a valid ordering, leading to more accurate visualizations and better informed steering decisions. In this paper we describe the implementation of such filters in the Falcon interactive steering toolkit, and present a methodology for their specification for automated generation.

关键词： Filters Visualization Merging Atmospheric modeling Steering systems Computer science Libraries Interactive systems Condition monitoring Control systems

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the sparse cyclic distribution against its dense counterparts

The sparse cyclic distribution against its dense counterpart...

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international symposium on parallel processing

作者： G. Bandera M. Ujaldon M.A. Trenas E.L. Zapata Computer Architecture Department University of Malaga Spain

Several methods have been proposed in the literature for the distribution of data on distributed memory machines, either oriented to dense or sparse structures. Many of the real applications, however, deal with both kinds of data jointly. the paper presents techniques for integrating dense and sparse array accesses in a way that optimizes locality and further allows an efficient loop partitioning within a data-parallel compiler. the approach is evaluated through an experimental survey with several compilers and parallel platforms. the results prove the benefits of the BRS sparse distribution when combined with CYCLIC in mixed algorithms and the poor efficiency achieved by well-known distribution schemes when sparse elements arise in the source code.

关键词： Sparse matrices Character generation Computer architecture Scattering Iterative algorithms Application software Optimizing compilers Partitioning algorithms Program processors distributed computing

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Enhancing software DSM for compiler-parallelized applications

Enhancing software DSM for compiler-parallelized application...

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international symposium on parallel processing

作者： P. Keleher Chau-Wen Tseng Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College Park MD USA

Current parallelizing compilers for message-passing machines only support a limited class of data-parallel applications. One method for eliminating this restriction is to combine powerful shared-memory parallelizing compilers with software distributed shared-memory (DSM) systems. We demonstrate such a system by combining the SUIF parallelizing compiler and the CVM software DSM. Innovations of the system include compiler-directed techniques that: (1) combine synchronization and parallelism information communication on parallel task invocation, (2) employ customized routines for evaluating reduction operations, and (3) select a hybrid update protocol that pre-sends data by flushing updates at barriers. For applications with sufficient granularity of parallelism, these optimizations yield very good eight processor speedups on an IBM SP-2 and DEC Alpha cluster usually matching or exceeding the speedup of equivalent HPF and message-passing versions of each program. Flushing updates, in particular, eliminates almost all nonlocal memory misses and improves performance by 13% on average.

关键词： Application software Program processors parallel processing Protocols Computer architecture Concurrent computing parallel machines Workstations Software performance Computer science

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SuperWeb: towards a global Web-based parallel computing infrastructure

SuperWeb: towards a global Web-based parallel computing infr...

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international symposium on parallel processing

作者： A.D. Alexandrov M. Ibel K.E. Schauser C.J. Scheiman Department of Computer Science University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

the Internet, best known by most users as the World-Wide-Web, continues to expand at an amazing pace. We propose a new infrastructure to harness the combined resources, such as CPU cycles or disk storage, and make them available to everyone interested. this infrastructure has the potential for solving parallel supercomputing applications involving thousands of cooperating components. Our approach is based on recent advances in Internet connectivity and the implementation of safe distributed computing embodied in languages such as Java. We developed a prototype of a global computing infrastructure, called SuperWeb, that consists of hosts, brokers and clients. Hosts register a fraction of their computing resources (CPU time, memory, bandwidth, disk space) with resource brokers. Client computations are then mapped by the broker onto the registered resources. We examine an economic model for trading computing resources, and discuss several technical challenges associated with such a global computing environment.

关键词： parallel processing Java Internet Central processing Unit Microeconomics Registers distributed computing Power generation economics Concurrent computing Supply and demand

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Transmogrifier-2: A 1 million gate rapid prototyping system

Transmogrifier-2: A 1 million gate rapid prototyping system

引用

Proceedings of the 1997 ACM 5th international symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, FPGA

作者： Lewis, David M. Galloway, David R. van Ierssel, Marcus Rose, Jonathan Chow, Paul Univ of Toronto Toronto Canada

this paper describes the Transmogrifier-2, a second generation multi-FPGA system. the largest version of the system will comprise 16 boards that each contain two Altera 10K50 FPGAs, four I-cube interconnect chips, and up to 8 Mbytes of memory. the inter-FPGA routing architecture of the TM-2 uses a novel interconnect structure, a non-uniform partial crossbar, that provides a constant delay between any two FPGAs in the system. the TM-2 architecture is modular and scalable, meaning that various sized systems can be constructed from the same board, while maintaining routability and the constant delay feature. Other features include a 4 system-level programmable clock that allows single-cycle access to off-chip memory, and programmable clock waveforms with resolution to 10 ns. the first Transmogrifier-2 boards have been manufactured and are functional. they have recently been used successfully in some simple graphics acceleration applications.

关键词： parallel processing systems

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Interoperability of data parallel runtime libraries

Interoperability of data parallel runtime libraries

引用

international symposium on parallel processing

作者： G. Edjlali A. Sussman J. Saltz Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College Park MD USA

this paper describes a framework for providing the ability to use multiple specialized data parallel libraries and/or languages within a single application. the ability to use multiple libraries is required in many application areas, such as multidisciplinary complex physical simulations and remote sensing image database applications. An application can consist of one program or multiple programs that use different libraries to parallelize operations on distributed data structures. the framework is embodied in a runtime library called Meta-Chaos that has been used to exchange data between data parallel programs written using High Performance Fortran, the Chaos and Multiblock Parti libraries developed at Maryland for handling various types of unstructured problems, and the runtime library for pC++, a data parallel version of C++ from Indiana University. Experimental results show that Meta-Chaos is able to move data between libraries efficiently and that Meta-Chaos provides effective support for complex applications.

关键词： Runtime library Application software Chaotic communication Computer science Educational institutions Remote sensing Image databases Data structures parallel programming Large-scale systems

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