An airborne wireless sensor network (WSN) composed of bird-sized micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) enables low cost high granularity atmospheric sensing of toxic plume behavior and storm dynamics, and provides a unique thr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
An airborne wireless sensor network (WSN) composed of bird-sized micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) enables low cost high granularity atmospheric sensing of toxic plume behavior and storm dynamics, and provides a unique three-dimensional vantage for monitoring wildlife and ecological systems. this paper describes a complete implementation of our sensorFlock airborne WSN, spanning the development of our MAV airplane, its avionics, semi-autonomous flight control software, launch system, flock control algorithm, and wireless communication networking between MAVs. We present experimental results from flight tests of flocks of MAVs, and a characterization of wireless RF behavior in air-to-air communication as well as air-to-ground communication.
the synergy of phone sensors (microphone, camera, GPS, etc.), wireless capability, and ever-increasing device density can lead to novel people-centric applications. Unlike traditional sensor networks, the next generat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
the synergy of phone sensors (microphone, camera, GPS, etc.), wireless capability, and ever-increasing device density can lead to novel people-centric applications. Unlike traditional sensor networks, the next generation networks may be participatory, interactive, and in the scale of human users. Millions of global data points can be organized on a visual platform, queried, and sophistically answered through human participation. Recent years have witnessed the isolated impacts of distributed knowledge sharing (Wikipedia), social networks, sensor networks, and mobile communication. We believe that significant more impact is latent in their convergence, that can to be drawn out through innovations in applications. this demonstration,, called Micro-Blog, is a first step towards this goal.
this paper presents a framework for power-efficient detection in embeddedsensorsystems. State detection is structured as a decision tree classifier that dynamically orders the activation and adjusts the sampling rat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
this paper presents a framework for power-efficient detection in embeddedsensorsystems. State detection is structured as a decision tree classifier that dynamically orders the activation and adjusts the sampling rate of the sensors (termed groggy wakeup), such that only the data necessary to determine the system state is collected at any given time. this classifier can be tuned to trade-off accuracy and power in a structured, parameterized fashion. An embedded instantiation of these classifiers, including real-time sensor control, is described. An application based on a wearable gait monitor provides quantitative support for this framework. the decision tree classifiers achieved roughly identical detection accuracies to those obtained using support vector machines while drawing three times less power. Both simulation and real-time operation of the classifiers demonstrate that our multi-tiered classifier determines states as accurately as a single-trigger (binary) wakeup system while drawing as little as half as much power and with only a negligible increase in latency.
sensor networks are notoriously difficult to program, given that they encompass the complexities of both distributed and embeddedsystems. To address this problem, we present the design and implementation of a declara...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
sensor networks are notoriously difficult to program, given that they encompass the complexities of both distributed and embeddedsystems. To address this problem, we present the design and implementation of a declarative sensor network platform, DSN: a declarative language, compiler and runtime suitable for programming a broad range of sensornet applications. We demonstrate that our approach is a natural fit for sensor networks by specifying several very different classes of traditional sensor network protocols. services and applications entirely declaratively - these include tree and geographic routing, link estimation, data collection, event tracking, version coherency, and localization. To our knowledge, this is the first time these disparate sensornet tasks have been addressed by a single high-level programming environment. Moreover, the declarative approach accommodates the desire for architectural flexibility and simple management of limited resources. Our results suggest that the declarative approach is well-suited to sensor networks, and that it can produce concise and flexible code by focusing on what the code is doing, and not on how it is doing it.
We have proposed a simple and energy-efficient communication mechanism which can organize a variety of communication depending on dynamically changing application requirements. In this demonstration, we show that our ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
We have proposed a simple and energy-efficient communication mechanism which can organize a variety of communication depending on dynamically changing application requirements. In this demonstration, we show that our mechanism can gather or diffuse information in accordance with application requirements in a dynamic wireless sensor network.
this paper proposes a new sensornet protocol design goal: visibility. Visibility into behaviors at the network level will simplify debugging and ease the development process. We argue that increasing visibility is the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
this paper proposes a new sensornet protocol design goal: visibility. Visibility into behaviors at the network level will simplify debugging and ease the development process. We argue that increasing visibility is the responsibility of the network protocols themselves, and not solely the responsibility of existing debugging tools. We describe a quantitative visibility metric to evaluate and compare protocols, where visibility is defined as the energy cost of diagnosing the cause of a behavior in a protocol. the design and evaluation of Pull Collection Protocol, a novel multi-hop collection protocol, is an example of how to design for visibility without sacrificing throughput or node-level fairness. We also describe our optimizations for an existing protocol, Deluge, to increase its visibility and efficiency.
Querying in heterogeneous sensor networks is a challenging research issue due to a variety of real-world queries depending on users' preferences. Examples of queries are weather, nearby restaurants, navigation, et...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
Querying in heterogeneous sensor networks is a challenging research issue due to a variety of real-world queries depending on users' preferences. Examples of queries are weather, nearby restaurants, navigation, etc. Users may ask for a breezy path starting from distinct points to distinct train stations. Sensing data collected from wide areas (city or country level) are needed to provide the real-world search as a service for users. therefore, another challenge is a collaboration of heterogenous sensor networks because deploying sensors in wide areas is impractical. sensorMap [1] collects sensing data from independent sensor networks by allowing data owners to publish their data on the web. Sensing data from all owners are sent to a centric storage in sensorMap. However, distributed data storage is likely to be an efficient solution comparing to a centric storage in which bottleneck always occurs.
Target detection and tracking is a well-established area of research. However, a majority of proposed solutions in existing literature rely on expensive and specialized sensors, which often have limited coverage. Usin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
Target detection and tracking is a well-established area of research. However, a majority of proposed solutions in existing literature rely on expensive and specialized sensors, which often have limited coverage. Using low cost sensor nodes is an attractive and complementary approach to scalable target detection and tracking applications. However. tracking with low cost Wireless sensor Network (WSN), presents its own challenges, namely real time decision making, high frequency sampling, multi-modal sensing, complex signal processing, and data fusion. In this work, we investigate the use of inexpensive off-the-shelf WSN devices for ground surveillance. Our system estimates and tracks a target based on the spatial differences of the target object's signal strength detected by the monitoring sensors at different locations.
this paper describes CargoNet, a system of low-cost, micropower active sensor tags that seeks to bridge the current gap between wireless sensor networks and radio-frequency identification (RFID). CargoNet was aimed at...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
this paper describes CargoNet, a system of low-cost, micropower active sensor tags that seeks to bridge the current gap between wireless sensor networks and radio-frequency identification (RFID). CargoNet was aimed at applications in environmental monitoring at the crate and case level for supply-chain management and asset security. Custom-designed circuits and sensors were utilized to minimize power consumption and cost in a practical prototype. the CargoNet nodes are capable of asynchronous multimodal wakeup on exceptional events at extremely low power (Quasi-Passive Wakeup) with adjustable thresholds that adapt to dynamic environments. Accordingly, CargoNet has been seen to monitor, log, and report conditions inside a typical shipping crate while consuming under 25 microwatts of average power. To demonstrate the feasibility of the prototype system, several tests and deployments were conducted in the laboratory and aboard various transport conveyances.
Reliable sensor network software is difficult to create: applications are concurrent and distributed, hardware-based memory protection is unavailable, and severe resource constraints necessitate the use of unsafe, low...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595937636
Reliable sensor network software is difficult to create: applications are concurrent and distributed, hardware-based memory protection is unavailable, and severe resource constraints necessitate the use of unsafe, low-level languages. Our work improves this situation by providing efficient memory and type safety for TinyOS 2 applications running on the Mica2, MicaZ, and TelosB platforms. Safe execution ensures that array and pointer errors are caught before they can corrupt RAM. Our contributions include showing that aggressive optimizations can make safe execution practical in terms of resource usage;developing it technique for efficiently enforcing safety under interrupt-driven concurrency;extending the nesC language and compiler to support safety annotations;finding previously unknown bugs in TinyOS;and, finally, showing that safety can be exploited to increase the availability of sensor networks applications even when memory errors are left unfixed.
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