the proceedings contain 29 papers. the topics discussed include: exploiting algebraic laws to improve mechanized axiomatizations;positive fragments of coalgebraic logics;many-valued relation lifting and moss' coal...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642402050
the proceedings contain 29 papers. the topics discussed include: exploiting algebraic laws to improve mechanized axiomatizations;positive fragments of coalgebraic logics;many-valued relation lifting and moss' coalgebraic logic;saturated semantics for coalgebraic logicprogramming;presenting distributive laws;interaction and observation: categorical semantics of reactive systems trough dialgebras;homomorphisms of coalgebras from predicate liftings;trace semantics via generic observations;full abstraction for fair testing in CCS;a simple case of rationality of escalation;coalgebras with symmetries and modeling quantum systems;from operational chu duality to coalgebraic quantum symmetry;noninterfering schedulers: when possibilistic noninterference implies probabilistic noninterference;and simulations and bisimulations for coalgebraic modal logics.
Inductive logicprogramming (11,P), as any other machine learning or KDD methods, has to deal with imperfect data when applied to real-world problems. Granular Computing (GrC) is a superset of various theories (such a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0964345692
Inductive logicprogramming (11,P), as any other machine learning or KDD methods, has to deal with imperfect data when applied to real-world problems. Granular Computing (GrC) is a superset of various theories (such as rough sets, fuzzy sets and interval computation) used to handle incompleteness, uncertainty, vagueness, etc. in information systems. this paper investigates the feasibility of applying GrC (especially the rough set theory) to deal with imperfect data in ILP. We list various kinds of imperfect data in ILP (including noise data, too sparse data, missing data, indiscernible data, and too strict bias). For each kind of imperfect data, we try to point out the resulting problem and the potential solution using GrC (or a particular form of GrC such as the rough set theory). the presentation includes formalisms suggested by the authors or other researchers, as well as some general ideas which may give rise to more concrete results in future research.
In the present digital world, we depend on information technology more than ever. Our economy, health, well-being and even our lives depend on it. Information security is a basic requirement, with access control playi...
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this paper presents an AI architecture for multiple robots working collaboratively in a future smart office. this architecture integrates the control, communication, planning, and learning necessary to agentify office...
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ISBN:
(纸本)354065271X
this paper presents an AI architecture for multiple robots working collaboratively in a future smart office. this architecture integrates the control, communication, planning, and learning necessary to agentify office robots. Such integration is based on our multiagent robot language (MRL), which is an extension of concurrent logicprogramming languages (CCL). While the behavior of an agent is specified within guarded Horn clause logic, the communication and concurrency controls are amenable to the operational semantics of CCL. Our planning module provides well-balanced coordination between single agent planning and supervisor-level planning, yielding the minimum interaction for multiagent communication and control. Furthermore, inductive learning is incorporated into the planning module and is applied to produce empirical rules for action selection, providing the utility of multiagent problem solving. these features allow a unified view of both low- and high-level computation, which enables intelligent collaboration between robotic agents and provides a powerful framework for distributed AI and agent-oriented programming in the real world.
this paper motivates and presents a nonmonotonic version of Contextual Intensional logic, a type-theoretic logic intended as a general formalism for reasoning about context. In developing this logic, it is necessary t...
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Part of the recent work in AI planning is concerned withthe development of algorithms that regard planning as a combinatorial search problem. the underlying representation language is basically propositional logic. W...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540678662
Part of the recent work in AI planning is concerned withthe development of algorithms that regard planning as a combinatorial search problem. the underlying representation language is basically propositional logic. While this is adequate for many domains, it is not clear if it remains so for problems that involve numerical constraints, or optimization of complex objective functions. Moreover, the propositional representation imposes restrictions on the domain knowledge that can be utilized by these approaches. In order to address these issues, we propose moving to the more expressive language of Integer programming (IP). We show how capacity constraints can be easily encoded into linear 0-1 inequalities and how rich forms of domain knowledge can be compactly represented and computationally exploited by IP solvers. then we introduce a novel heuristic search method based on the linear programming relaxation. Finally, we present the results of our experiments with a classical relaxation-based IP solver and a logic-based 0-1 optimizer.
FIDES is aimed at valuating investment projects in accordance withthe well-known UNIDO standard and making recommendations on a preferable investment, based on multicriteria analysis of available investment options. ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9729881618
FIDES is aimed at valuating investment projects in accordance withthe well-known UNIDO standard and making recommendations on a preferable investment, based on multicriteria analysis of available investment options. FIDES should provide a framework for analyzing key financial indicators, using the discounted cash-flow technique, and also allows for non-monetary factors to enter the multicriteria assessment process, whilst retaining an explicit and relatively objective and consistent set of evaluation conventions and clear decision criteria. Moreover, since virtually every investment and financing decision, involving allocation of resources under uncertain conditions, is associated with considerable risk, FIDES should integrate the risk management module. the basic principle governing risk management is intuitive and well articulated, taking into account investor's subjective appetite for and aversion to risk, and the decision sensitivity to the uncertainty and/or imprecision of input data. thus, with FIDES, financial analysts and decision-makers will be provided with effective modeling tools in the absence of complete or precise information and the significant presence of human involvement. the decision aid will be implemented using multiple programming paradigms (Internet programming, production rules, fuzzy programming, multicriteria analysis, etc.), using a three-tier architecture as a backbone. Being Web based, the application is especially convenient for large, geographically dispersed corporations.
Over the last two decades, propositional satisfiability (Sat) has become one of the most successful and widely applied techniques for the solution of NP-complete problems. the aim of this paper is to investigate theor...
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Over the last two decades, propositional satisfiability (Sat) has become one of the most successful and widely applied techniques for the solution of NP-complete problems. the aim of this paper is to investigate theoretically how Sat can be utilized for the efficient solution of problems that are harder than NP or co-NP. In particular, we consider the fundamental reasoning problems in propositional disjunctive answer set programming (Asp), Brave Reasoning and Skeptical Reasoning, which ask whether a given atom is contained in at least one or in all answer sets, respectively. Both problems are located at the second level of the Polynomial Hierarchy and thus assumed to be harder than NP or co-NP. One cannot transform these two reasoning problems into Sat in polynomial time, unless the Polynomial Hierarchy collapses. We show that certain structural aspects of disjunctive logic programs can be utilized to break through this complexity barrier, using new techniques from Parameterized Complexity. In particular, we exhibit transformations from Brave and Skeptical Reasoning to Sat that run in time O(2kn2) where k is a structural parameter of the instance and n the input size. In other words, the reduction is fixed-parameter tractable for parameter k. As the parameter k we take the size of a smallest backdoor with respect to the class of normal (i.e., disjunction-free) programs. Such a backdoor is a set of atoms that when deleted makes the program normal. In consequence, the combinatorial explosion, which is expected when transforming a problem from the second level of the Polynomial Hierarchy to the first level, can now be confined to the parameter k, while the running time of the reduction is polynomial in the input size n, where the order of the polynomial is independent of k. We show that such a transformation is not possible if we consider backdoors with respect to tightness instead of normality. We think that our approach is applicable to many other hard combinatorial
Rule-based formalization of eligibility criteria in clinical trials have distinguished features such as declaration, easy maintenance, reusability, and expressiveness. In this paper, we present several knowledge servi...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319483351
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319483351;9783319483344
Rule-based formalization of eligibility criteria in clinical trials have distinguished features such as declaration, easy maintenance, reusability, and expressiveness. In this paper, we present several knowledge services which can be provided by the rule-based formalization of eligibility criteria. the rule-based formalization can be generated automatically by using the logicprogramming Prolog withthe support of NLP tools for the semantic annotation and relation extraction with medical ontologies/terminologies such as UMLS and SNOMED CT. We show how those automatically generated rule-based formalization for eligibility criteria can be used for the patient recruitment service in SemanticCT, a semantically-enabled system for clinical trials.
For visualization of output of database queries, the trial charts like bar graphs, line graphs, scatter plots and pie-charts are inappropriate even for small data set when the results of a query are generated recursiv...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781538680759
ISBN:
(纸本)9781538680759
For visualization of output of database queries, the trial charts like bar graphs, line graphs, scatter plots and pie-charts are inappropriate even for small data set when the results of a query are generated recursively in the form of a graph or tree structure. Most of the recursive queries are used to retrieve hierarchical relationships among the instances of data within the database tables. Certain constraints are better represented by recursive rules. SQL 1999 standards allow the recursive queries using recursive common table expressions. To write these queries, views of relations have to be defined in terms of same table multiple times making procedural solutions less desirable. Datalog is also used for recursive queries. Since execution of most of the recursive queries can be represented by a syntax tree, therefore their output in most of the application scenarios is a tree. there is no support in SQL 1999 and Datalog to visualize output generated by recursive queries. In this research, the authors present visualization of output in two forms: First, an interactive tree view, and second, a complete non-interactive view of the output in the form of a tree. the correct results obtained from the system suggest that if software developers take care of appropriate ordering of the predicates, Prolog (programming in logic) can be a better option over Datalog because Prolog provides many built-in predicates and many of its features make it suitable as a relational language.
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