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Performance evaluation of a wireless sensor network based tracking system

Performance evaluation of a wireless sensor network based tr...

引用

ieee Internatonal conference on Mobile Adhoc and sensor systems (MASS)

作者： Nadeem Ahmed Yifei Dong Salil S. Kanhere Sanjay Jha Mark Rutten Travis Bessell Neil Gordon School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney Australia ISR Division Defence Science and Technology Organisation Edinburgh Australia

In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of the performance of a wireless sensor network based target tracking system using the particle filter. In particular, we evaluate the effect of various network design parameters such as the number of nodes, number of generated particles, and sampling interval on the tracking accuracy and computation time of the tracking system. Based on our analysis, we also present recommendations on suitable values for the relevant network design parameters, which provide a reasonable tradeoff between accuracy and computational expense for this problem. In addition, we also analyse the theoretical Cramer-Rao bound as the benchmark for the best possible tracking performance. We demonstrate that the results from our simulations closely match the theoretical bounds. We also present initial results from experiments comprising of a 25 node wireless sensor network. Initial experimental results are promising and show that the PF based estimation is suitable for detection and tracking using inexpensive wireless sensor network devices.

关键词： sensors Target tracking Wireless sensor networks Noise Time measurement Calibration Base stations

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Potential of carbon nanotubes for sensor applications

Potential of carbon nanotubes for sensor applications

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ieee SSD international Multi-conference on systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Olfa Kanoun Zied Fahem Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Germany

Due to their unique electrical and mechanical properties carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most studied material in the nanotechnology. these material properties involve interesting advantages for sensors, such as a short reaction time, a higher sensitivity and novel sensing principles. In this paper we evaluate the potential of CNTs for different sensor applications. Although nanotechnology is still under development, several sensors can be already realized showing decisive advantages compared with nowadays sensors for several measured *** different categories of CNT based sensors are reported: analytical sensors which are based on the interaction of CNTs with ions and molecules, mechanical sensors which are based on the piezoresistivity of CNTs and optical sensors which profit from the high absorption rates of CNT and their unique optical properties.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Polymers Materials Sensitivity Conductivity Films Detectors

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Performance of Wi-Fi and bluetooth in mobile ad hoc networks

Performance of Wi-Fi and bluetooth in mobile ad hoc networks

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ieee Internatonal conference on Mobile Adhoc and sensor systems (MASS)

作者： Anthony Carfang Mikhail Zaturenskiy Joseph Lloyd Dennis Roberson Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL USA

As wireless networks become more pervasive throughout society, developments focus on establishing full mobility. this research examines the performance of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth networks in situations where both communication nodes are in motion. throughput-testing software ran on two computers in an ad-hoc network, while located in separate cars driving on the highway in various configurations. Initial results indicate that compared to stationary communication, motion at 80 km/h cut the data rate roughly in half when using the TCP protocol while decreasing packet transmission times. the data rate for UDP remained roughly the same, although much less consistent, while packet transmission times also decreased. Bluetooth connections could not be established while in motion, but once established while stationary, synchronized motion showed little effect on communication performance. Future research would explore alternative protocols and spectral bands, additionally incorporating more nodes to determine the impact of interference on such configurations.

关键词： Bluetooth Testing Vehicles throughput ieee 802.11 Standards Receivers Software

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AS-MAC: An asynchronous scheduled MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks

AS-MAC: An asynchronous scheduled MAC protocol for wireless ...

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ieee Internatonal conference on Mobile Adhoc and sensor systems (MASS)

作者： Beakcheol Jang Jun Bum Lim Mihail L. Sichitiu Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

Energy efficiency of the MAC protocol is a key design factor for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to the importance of the problem, a number of energy efficient MAC protocols have been developed for WSNs. Preamble-sampling based MAC protocols (e.g., B-MAC and X-MAC) have overheads due to their preambles, and are inefficient at large wakeup intervals. SCP-MAC, a very energy efficient scheduling MAC protocol, minimizes the preamble by combining preamble sampling and scheduling techniques; however, it does not prevent energy loss due to overhearing; in addition, due to its synchronization procedure, it results in increased contention and delay. In this paper, we present an energy efficient MAC protocol for WSNs that avoids overhearing and reduces contention and delay by asynchronously scheduling the wakeup time of neighboring nodes. To validate our design and analysis, we implement the proposed scheme on the MicaZ platform. Experimental results show that AS-MAC considerably reduces energy consumption, packet loss and delay when compared with SCP-MAC.

关键词： Media Access Protocol Receivers Delay Wireless sensor networks Sleep Energy consumption Synchronization

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Duty cycle control for low-power-listening MAC protocols

Duty cycle control for low-power-listening MAC protocols

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ieee Internatonal conference on Mobile Adhoc and sensor systems (MASS)

作者： Christophe J. Merlin Wendi B. Heinzelman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering UniversIty of Rochester Rochester NY USA

Energy efficiency is of the utmost importance in wireless sensor networks. the family of low-power-listening MAC protocols was proposed to reduce one form of energy dissipation-idle listening, a radio state for which the energy consumption cannot be neglected. Low-power-listening (also called channel probing) MAC protocols are characterized by a duty cycle: a node probes the channel every t i s of sleep. A low duty cycle favors receiving nodes because they may sleep for longer periods of time, but at the same time, contention may increase locally, thereby reducing the number of packets that can be sent. We propose a new approach to dynamically control the duty cycle so that the target rate of transmitted packets is reached, while the consumed energy is minimized. Our approach utilizes control theory and adapts it to the control of t i for low-power-listening MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks. Results show that this approach can appropriately adjust t i to the current network conditions.

关键词： Energy consumption Protocols Media Access Protocol Wireless sensor networks Evolution (biology) Simulation Adaptation model

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A Novel cluster-based routing protocol with extending lifetime for wireless sensor networks

A Novel cluster-based routing protocol with extending lifeti...

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IFIP international conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN)

作者： Jalil Jabari Lotf Mehdi Nozad Bonab Siavash Khorsandi Department of Computer Engineering Islamic Azad University Iran Department of Computer Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology슠 Tehran Iran

Over the recent years, one of the most important problems in wireless sensor network is to develop a routing protocol that has energy efficiency. Since the power of the sensor nodes is limited, conserving energy and network life is a critical issue in wireless sensor network. In this paper, first we propose an ELCH (Extending Lifetime of Cluster Head) routing protocol that has self-configuration and hierarchal routing properties. It reforms the existing routing protocols in several aspects and constructs clusters on the basis of radio radius and the number of cluster members. In this method, the clusters in the network are equally distributed. We also suggest a novel clustering algorithm for sensor networks, which lets sensors vote for their neighbors in order to elect suitable cluster heads.

关键词： Routing protocols Wireless sensor networks Energy efficiency Switches Computer networks Clustering algorithms Power engineering computing Power engineering and energy Network topology Wireless application protocol

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On accurate and efficient statistical counting in sensor-based surveillance systems

On accurate and efficient statistical counting in sensor-bas...

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ieee Internatonal conference on Mobile Adhoc and sensor systems (MASS)

作者： Shuo Guo Tian He Mohamed F. Mokbel John A. Stankovic Tarek F. Abdelzaher Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota USA Department of Computer Science University of Virginia USA Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign USA Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

sensor networks have been used in many surveillance systems, providing statistical information about monitored areas. Accurate counting information (e.g., the distribution of the total number of targets) is often important for decision making. As a complementary solution to double-counting in communication, this paper presents the first work that deals with double-counting in sensing for wireless sensor networks. the probability mass function (pmf) of target counts is derived first. this, however, is shown to be computationally prohibitive when a network becomes large. A partitioning algorithm is then designed to significantly reduce computation complexity with a certain loss in counting accuracy. Finally, two methods are proposed to compensate for the loss. To evaluate the design, we compare the derived probability mass function with ground truth obtained through exhaustive enumeration in small-scale networks. In large-scale networks, where pmf ground truth is not available, we compare the expected count with true target counts. We demonstrate that accurate counting within 1 ~ 3% relative error can be achieved with orders of magnitude reduction in computation, compared with an exhaustive enumeration-based approach.

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Using sensor Networks for Pedestrian Detection

Using Sensor Networks for Pedestrian Detection

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Consumer Communications and Networking conference, CCNC ieee

作者： Aline Senart Marcin Karpinski Maciej Wieckowski Vinny Cahill Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science Trinity College Dublin Ireland

Pedestrian safety is a major concern in road transportation as pedestrian/vehicle accidents account for the second largest cause of traffic-related injuries and fatalities worldwide. Considerable work has examined the use of lidar, radar and computer vision for pedestrian detection but existing solutions are costly and work only if pedestrians are in the vehicle's line-of-sight. In this paper, we present a novel technique based on wireless sensor networks that is cheap and enables pedestrian detection beyond the driver's horizon. the detection system is based on the use of "cat's eyes" augmented with embedded processing and communication capabilities that are able to detect pedestrians and forward this information along the road. We describe how such a system was successfully built with SOL, a high-level programming language for wireless sensor networks. Initial results show that the system obtains detection rates of 100%, false positive rates of 0%, and that the precision of the estimated position of pedestrians depends on their heading and relative position to sensor nodes.

关键词： Radar detection Road safety Vehicle safety Wireless sensor networks Road transportation Road vehicles Road accidents Telecommunication traffic Injuries Laser radar

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MASLKE: Mobile Agent Based Secure Location aware Key Establishment in sensor networks

MASLKE: Mobile Agent Based Secure Location aware Key Establi...

引用

ieee international conference on Networks

作者： Neeraj Nehra R.B. Patel School of Computer Science and Engineering SMVD University Katra India Deptt. of Computer Engineering M.M. University Haryana India

Key establishment is a fundamental prerequisite for secure communication in wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this regard, symmetric key cryptography is very attractive in WSN. In this paper, we have proposed Mobile Agent (MA) Based Secure Location aware Key Establishment (MASLKE). In MASLKE, MAs find the location of sensor nodes and this information is used for key generation and distribution. MASLKE provides secure key exchange in intra and inter domain of the network and achieves high connectivity in WSN. Simulation results show that MASLKE is quite effective in achieving the goal of secure key distribution in large scale WSN.

关键词： Mobile agents Wireless sensor networks Computer networks distributed computing Large-scale systems Computer science Humans Resumes Intrusion detection Network topology

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Load Balanced and Efficient Hierarchical Data-Centric Storage in sensor Networks

Load Balanced and Efficient Hierarchical Data-Centric Storag...

引用

ieee Communications Society conference on sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON)

作者： Yao Zhao Yan Chen Sylvia Ratnasamy Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Intel Research Berkeley CA USA

Several new sensor network applications build on scalable, energy-aware data-centric storage. Data-centric storage is typically achieved by hashing a high-level data name to a well-known routable node address. Despite significant work on any-to-any routing for sensor networks, most schemes do not provide a node address space that is amenable to the needs of data-centric storage. Our work focuses on the problem of designing a routing primitive suitable for data-centric storage that also meets typical sensor network goals of scalability, energy-efficiency and load-balance. In this paper, we present a new hierarchical Voronoi graph based routing algorithm (HVGR) that simultaneously achieves good scalability, efficiency in routing, and load balance in both routing and data storage. the region oriented routing scheme avoids overloading cluster headers by "short-cutting" routes before they actually hit cluster headers. the storage load balancing algorithm achieves uniform distribution of storage load.

关键词： Routing Energy storage Scalability Load management distributed control Clustering algorithms sensor systems Global Positioning System Energy efficiency Memory

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