the only power source of nodes in sensor networks is usually provided by batteries which have a determined lifetime. In order to increase the total network lifetime, neighbors nodes can alternate between active (recei...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769527888
the only power source of nodes in sensor networks is usually provided by batteries which have a determined lifetime. In order to increase the total network lifetime, neighbors nodes can alternate between active (receive, transmit...) and sleep mode. the objective is to find sets of active nodes that ensure as much as possible the zone coverage. In this paper we will introduce a new method for nodes scheduling in sensor networks. We exploit a mobile beacon localization approach to construct sets of active nodes. the mobile beacon follows the Hilbert space filling curve, that has several properties. It divides the area into unit squares by the mean of linear ordering. In our approach, we chose the Hilbert curve order, in a way that, every unit square will be covered by one and only one sensor node and all the reminder nodes inside this unit square will go to sleep until the first node dies. It is an energy saved approach because nodes communicate only withthe mobile beacon. the experimental studies we conducted, confirmed the effectiveness of our approach.
Recently, many low-profile devices with RF communication features have been developed such as sensor network nodes and one-chip microcomputers. this caused a variety of gadgets join to the wireless network. However, i...
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Withsensors becoming smaller and more power efficient, wearable sensors that anyone could wear are becoming a feasible concept. We demonstrate a small lightweight module, called Porcupine, which aims at continuously ...
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Currently applied autonomous power supplies are designed for specific energy demands and therefore rather inflexible. For an increased user friendliness, allowing attaching and detaching electrical devices without new...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424408504
Currently applied autonomous power supplies are designed for specific energy demands and therefore rather inflexible. For an increased user friendliness, allowing attaching and detaching electrical devices without new load calculations, a flexible Power Distribution System is necessary. this can be reached by applying an Energy Management System. A concept for such a system, that is scalable by distributing it to multiple devices, is presented in this work. Reconfiguration, such as changing the load distribution algorithm, can be realized without downtime. this is possible by implementing the concept as an IEC 61499 application. A field demonstrator is set up using embedded controllers, equipped with a network interface. To perform necessary measurement and switching tasks, an interface board is developed. the desired system behavior, a stable operation of a flexible autonomous power supply system, can be achieved in the simulation on PC hardware as well as on the field demonstrator set up.
Contour mapping is a crucial part of many wireless sensor network applications. Many efforts have been made to avoid collecting data from all the sensors in the network and producing maps at the sink, which is proven ...
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One important issue when designing Wireless sensor Network (WSN) is the routing protocol that makes the best use of the severely limited resource presented by WSN, especially the energy limitation. Another import fact...
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Withthe field of wireless sensor networks rapidly maturing, the focus shifts from "easy" deployments, like remote monitoring, to more difficult domains where applications impose strict, real-time constraint...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540730897
Withthe field of wireless sensor networks rapidly maturing, the focus shifts from "easy" deployments, like remote monitoring, to more difficult domains where applications impose strict, real-time constraints on performance. One such class of applications is safety critical systems, like fire and burglar alarms, where events detected by sensor nodes have to be reported reliably and timely to a sink node. A complicating factor is that systems must operate for years without manual intervention, which puts very strong demands on the energy efficiency of protocols running on current sensor-node platforms. Since we are not aware of a solution that meets all requirements of safety-critical systems, i.e. provides reliable data delivery and low latency and low energy consumption, we present Dwarf, an energy-efficient, robust and dependable forwarding algorithm. the core idea is to use unicast-based partial flooding along with a delay-aware node selection strategy. Our analysis and extensive simulations of real-world scenarios show that Dwarf tolerates large fractions of link and node failures, yet is energy efficient enough to allow for an operational lifetime of several years.
Evolving and testing foraging intelligence on a single robot is not only time consuming, but also such testing does not leverage the advantages associated with multi-agent interaction and collective knowledge. To redu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781934272077
Evolving and testing foraging intelligence on a single robot is not only time consuming, but also such testing does not leverage the advantages associated with multi-agent interaction and collective knowledge. To reduce evolution time and make use of this knowledge all robots in a swarm must be networked. this can be achieved when each robot either has a local network-capable device or wirelessly communicates with an ieee 802.11 capable device. Additionally, robots in a swarm can be networked using Bluetooth, ieee 802.15.1, however a maximum of seven devices are allowed to form a piconet. To network more than seven devices requires the creation of multiple piconets. these may be effective strategies for small swarms, but when dealing with larger swarms this becomes cost prohibitive and a waste of computing resources. this paper investigates a low cost and low power wireless alternative to ieee 802.11 & 802.15.1 and how it can be used to form a multi-agent swarm of networked robots that forage for food stored on passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags.
As devices become more reliant on battery power, it is essential to design energy efficient protocols. While there is a vast amount of research into power save protocols for unicast traffic, relatively little attentio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769527888
As devices become more reliant on battery power, it is essential to design energy efficient protocols. While there is a vast amount of research into power save protocols for unicast traffic, relatively little attention has been given to broadcast traffic. In previous work [1], we proposed Probability-Based Broadcast Forwarding (PBBF) to address broadcast power save by allowing users to select a desired tradeoff between energy consumption, latency, and reliability. In this paper we extend our previous work in two ways. First, we introduce a new parameter that allows a tradeoff between reliability and packet overhead to give users more options. Second, we implement PBBF on the TinyOS platform [2) to evaluate it beyond the analysis and simulation from our previous work. Our evaluation demonstrates the tradeoffs possible using PBBF on sensor hardware.
this research is motivated by emerging, real-world wireless sensor network applications for monitoring and control. We examine the benefits and costs of caching data for such applications. We propose and evaluate seve...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769527888
this research is motivated by emerging, real-world wireless sensor network applications for monitoring and control. We examine the benefits and costs of caching data for such applications. We propose and evaluate several approaches to querying for, and then caching data in a sensor field data server. We show that for some application requirements (i.e., when delay drives data quality), policies that emulate cache hits by computing and returning approximate values for sensor data yield a simultaneous quality improvement and cost savings. this win-win is because when system delay is sufficiently important, the benefit to both query cost and data quality achieved by using approximate values outweighs the negative impact on quality due to the approximation. In contrast, when data accuracy drives quality, a linear trade-off between query cost and data quality emerges. We also identify caching and lookup policies for which the sensor field query rate is bounded when servicing an arbitrary workload of user queries. this upper bound is achieved by having multiple user queries share the cost of a sensor field query. Finally, we demonstrate that our results are robust to the manner in which the environment being monitored changes using two different sensor field models.
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