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Multi-criteria evaluation of control strategies in WWTP removing organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus

Multi-criteria evaluation of control strategies in WWTP remo...

5th Biennial Conference of the International Environmental modelling and Software Society: modelling for Environment's Sake, iEMSs 2010

作者： Flores-Alsina, Xavier Corominas, Lluís Vanrolleghem, Peter A. ModelEAU Département Génie Civil et Génie des Eaux Université Laval 1065 avenue de la Médecine G1V0A6 Québec QC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357411

the objective of this paper is to show the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques to structure and visualize the information contained in multi-criteria matrixes obtained from the evaluation of control strategies in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). the performance of sixteen different control strategies is evaluated by measuring their degree of satisfaction for twenty-four environmental, technical, economical and legal objectives using the "Neptune Simulation Benchmark" (an A2O WWTP removing organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus). Cluster analysis (CA), principal component/factor analysis (PCA/FA) and discriminant analysis (DA) are applied to the simulation output of the tested control strategies. the results of the case study show that multivariate analysis is a useful tool to straightforwardly differentiate WWTP control strategies with multiple criteria. Specifically, CA identified similar patterns in the alternatives with and without external chemical addition and/or TSS controller. Also, PCA/FA allowed discovering the main correlations between the evaluation criteria and the control strategies influencing those criteria most. Finally, thanks to DA it can be seen that from the original list of evaluation criteria, only a small sub-set of four, i.e. sludge production, aeration energy and time in violation of effluent limits for COD and P, cause the main differences in the overall process performance. Future evaluation of control strategy performance can therefore be restricted to an evaluation of only these four criteria.

关键词： Discriminant analysis

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Integration of mathematical models in a decision support system for control of priority pollutants in urban catchments

Integration of mathematical models in a decision support sys...

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5th Biennial Conference of the International Environmental modelling and Software Society: modelling for Environment's Sake, iEMSs 2010

作者： Atanasova, Natasa Cerk, Matej Banovec, Primoz Skerjanec, Mateja De Keyser, Webbey Benedetti, Lorenzo Kompare, Boris Av. 16 de Junho 8700-311 Olhão Portugal University of Ljubljana Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering Jamova 2 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Ghent University Department of Applied Mathematics Biometrics and Process Control Coupure Links 653 B-9000 Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357411

A decision support system (DSS) for systematic control of priority pollutants (PP) sources, based on economic activities and production (release) processes in urban catchments was recently developed. One of the crucial functionalities of the DSS is evaluation of source control measures, which is based on mathematical models, used for simulating the fate of the PPs in urban catchments under different conditions. this work presents a methodology for efficiently building and integrating dynamic mathematical models into the DSS. A combination of two modelling approaches is proposed: empirical or data-driven and mechanistic or knowledge-driven. Data-driven methods, particularly those from the area of machine learning (ML), are proven to build simple and accurate models, but require a lot of measured data for their construction, which is a problem in the case of PP. Mechanistic models can overcome the data requirement problem by integrating expert domain knowledge in the model formulation. However, they tend to be too complex and computationally slow and thus, not appropriate for DSS. Within the proposed methodology a mechanistic dynamic integrated urban water system (IUWS) model for PPs is used independently of the DSS to simulate various scenarios in observed catchment. Simulated data are used by a ML algorithm for induction of rule-based regression model, which performs similarly as the mechanistic model and is integrated in the DSS. the procedure of model construction, integration, and use in the DSS is successfully illustrated based on semi-hypothetical data.

关键词： Runoff

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Coupling hydrological models and wheather forecast for improved real-time management of water resources

Coupling hydrological models and wheather forecast for impro...

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5th Biennial Conference of the International Environmental modelling and Software Society: modelling for Environment's Sake, iEMSs 2010

作者： Salvetti, A. Pianosi, F. Weber, E. Soncini Sessa, R. Dipartimento del Territorio Ufficio dei Corsi d'Acqua CH-6500 Bellinzona Switzerland Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione I-20123 Milano Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357411

the use of Stochastic Dynamic Programming for designing optimal regulation policies for water reservoirs networks is well established in the literature. However, the calculation of the optimal solution for many real problems is prohibitively time-consuming and this has motivated approximations, particulary in the description of the reservoirs inflow process. Furthermore the variability of climatic forcing and the continuous adaptation in the management of water resources required by economic iusses represent a challenge for developing adapting real-time optimizazion procedures. In this paper a real time control approach is proposed and applied to the case study of the multiprupose regulated lake Lugano, Switzerland. the lake operation problem is first solved at planning level (off-line), using ciclostationary long-term statistics of the inflow, and is then refined on-line using inflow forecast from a dynamical, non-linear, heteroscedastic model, that provides both the expected value and the standard deviation of the inflow forecast. the model is forced by all the hydrometeorological information available in real time, both rainfall and runoff measured at previous time steps. the effectiveness of the model in terms of the reservoir regulation is evaluated through simulation and comparison with the results provided by conventional homoscedastic inflow models and with a "perfect" forecast. Simulation results show that real-time control can significantely improve the system performances, especially for the purpose of flood control. the improvements are more significant by increasing the forecasting horizon.

关键词： Real time control

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Simplified modelling and validation of an industrial diesel hydrodesulfurization plant

Simplified modelling and validation of an industrial diesel ...

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9th International symposium on Dynamics and control of Process systems, DYCOPS 2010

作者： Gómez, E. Sarabia, D. Cristea, S. Gutiérrez, G. Méndez, C.A. Sola, J.M. Unzueta, E. González, R. De Prada, C. Dpt. of Systems Engineering and Automatic Control Faculty of Sciences University of Valladolid c/ Real de Burgos 47011 Spain Güemes 3450-3000 Santa Fe Argentina Edificio Muñatones c/ San Martín 5 48550 Muskiz Vizcaya Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783902661692

A dynamic reduced model of an industrial diesel hydrodesulfurization plant has been developed and validated against plant data. Its purpose is the prediction of the rate of hydrogen consumption, as well as some other critical variables, as a function of the hydrocarbon feed, so as to be integrated in a decision support system aimed at the operation optimization in real time of the refinery hydrogen network. A model which combines first physical-chemical principles with black box elements is proposed. Model structure and calibration procedure are described, and validation results are presented. © 2009 ifac.

关键词： Optimization

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Extended exergy-based ecological accounting of China during 2000-2007

Extended exergy-based ecological accounting of China during ...

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5th Biennial Conference of the International Environmental modelling and Software Society: modelling for Environment's Sake, iEMSs 2010

作者： Dai, J. Chen, B. Lin, H. State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Ophthalmology First Affiliated Hospital Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou Henan 450000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357411

Since the resources from environment are in short supply, it is necessary to alleviate the conflict between high-speed economic construction and limited resources in the Chinese society. this paper aims to analysis the variation of natural resources input into China during 2000-2007 based on extended exergy as an eco-centric metric. With the materials, labor, capital and environmental renovation quantified by exergy numeraire grounding on the second-law metric in view of ecological accounting, the composition and proportion of extended exergy clearly revealed the whole condition of available energy input into society in China. Moreover, two indexes, i.e., extended exergy consumption intensity and extended exergy productivity of natural resources, are proposed to depict the contribution of four different production factors from economic, social and environmental aspects, respectively. Moreover, the extended exergy based analysis of the Chinese society may be helpful in uncovering the long-term resource depletion and promoting efficiency of the resource transformation in the social-economic-environmental system, thus providing holistic method and systematic view for the decision makers with respect to environmental management.

关键词： Exergy

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Biofluid Mechanics of Special Organs and the Issue of System control

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ANNALS OF biomedical ENGINEERING 2010年第3期38卷 1204-1215页

作者： Zamir, Mair Moore, James E., Jr. Fujioka, Hideki Gaver, Donald P., III Univ Western Ontario Dept Appl Math London ON N6A 3K7 Canada Univ Western Ontario Dept Med Biophys London ON N6A 3K7 Canada Texas A&M Univ Dept Biomed Engn College Stn TX USA Tulane Univ Ctr Computat Sci New Orleans LA 70118 USA Tulane Univ Dept Biomed Engn New Orleans LA 70118 USA

In the field of fluid flow within the human body, focus has been placed on the transportation of blood in the systemic circulation since the discovery of that system;but, other fluids and fluid flow phenomena pervade the body. Some of the most fascinating fluid flow phenomena within the human body involve fluids other than blood and a service other than transport-the lymphatic and pulmonary systems are two striking examples. While transport is still involved in both cases, this is not the only service which they provide and blood is not the only fluid involved. In both systems, filtration, extraction, enrichment, and in general some "treatment" of the fluid itself is the primary function. the study of the systemic circulation has also been conventionally limited to treating the system as if it were an open-loop system governed by the laws of fluid mechanics alone, independent of physiological controls and regulations. this implies that system failures can be explained fully in terms of the laws of fluid mechanics, which of course is not the case. In this paper we examine the clinical implications of these issues and of the special biofluid mechanics issues involved in the lymphatic and pulmonary systems.

关键词： Lymph Endothelium Edema Ventilator-induced lung injury Respiratory distress syndrome Surfactant Neurovascular control Sudden cardiac death Broken heart syndrome

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modelling of detailed insulin receptor kinetics affects sensitivity and noise in the downstream signalling pathway

Modelling of detailed insulin receptor kinetics affects sens...

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9th International symposium on Dynamics and control of Process systems, DYCOPS 2010

作者： Luni, Camilla Sanft, Kevin R. Petzold, Linda R. Doyle III, Francis J. Chemical Engineering Department University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106-5080 United States Computer Science Department University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106-5070 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783902661692

Insulin resistance is a primary defect underlying the development of type II diabetes. In healthy conditions, insulin stimulates glucose uptake from the blood stream, but in diseased conditions the normal metabolic response is impaired. Identifying specific drug targets to restore insulin sensitivity at the cellular level and developing an effective treatment strategy require insight into both the biochemical mechanisms involved and the whole signalling network response to external cues. this study focuses on the consequences of integrating a detailed biochemical description of the insulin receptor trafficking compartment within a phenomenological model of the downstream signalling pathway. While the description of the experimental data is preserved by an iterative procedure of parameter fitting, the dynamic response of the network is highly modified, as shown by analyzing the complementary information derived from studying both connection sensitivities and node noise in the network. this is crucial considering the importance of network dynamics for identifying effective drug targets. © 2009 ifac.

关键词： Insulin

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Integrated modelling for the conservation of river ecosystems: Progress in the South Australian River Murray

Integrated modelling for the conservation of river ecosystem...

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5th Biennial Conference of the International Environmental modelling and Software Society: modelling for Environment's Sake, iEMSs 2010

作者： Bryan, B.A. Overton, I. Higgins, A. Holland, K. Lester, R.E. King, D. Nolan, M. Connor, J.D. Hatton MacDonald, D. Oliver, R. Lorenz, Z. Bjornsson, T. Waanders, P. CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems Waite Rd. Urrbrae SA 5064 Australia CSIRO Land and Water Waite Rd. Urrbrae SA 5064 Australia CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems St. Lucia QLD 5064 Australia Department of Water Land and Biodiversity Conservation 150 Grenfell St. Adelaide SA 5000 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357411

Investment in water infrastructure and management can enhance the ecological health of water-dependent ecosystems along highly regulated rivers. Investment in new flow-control infrastructure and management of both existing and new infrastructure can help return natural environmental flows to achieve healthy and representative areas of river ecosystems. In this paper, we developed an integrated model to cost-effectively restore environmental flows and ecosystem health in the River Murray in South Australia. the model integrates a range of hydrological, ecological, economic, and social components. A hydrological model is used to identify spatial and temporal inundation dynamics given flow rates and weir operation. Ecological response models were developed to link three aspects of environmental flows (flood duration, timing, and interflood period) to the health responses of ecosystem components. the infrastructure investments (flow-control regulators and irrigation pump relocation) were sited by interpreting high resolution LiDAR elevation data, digital orthophotography, and wetland mapping information;and their costs were quantified using a spreadsheet-based model. Social values were also estimated using a choice model quantifying willingness to pay for various ecosystem components and these were also included in the model. these diverse datasets and models were integrated in a decision support tool based on non-linear integer programming to investigate the cost-effectiveness of alternative flow levels and timing, existing flow-control infrastructure operation, and new infrastructure investment alternatives, given wider system constraints. the decision support tool can identify a suite of cost-effective infrastructure investments and a plan for their operation specifying where and when to capture and release water in riparian ecosystems. Outputs include a ranking of investment alternative and rules for managing flow-control infrastructure to achieve ecological and soc

关键词： Integer programming

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Special issue: the 6th ifac symposium on modelling and control in biomedical systems - Preface

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COMPUTER MEthODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2008年第2期89卷 99-101页

作者： Carson, Ewart Feng, David Dagan Zaytoon, Janaan Northampton Sq London EC 11VOHB England

No abstract available

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the Influence of Omitting the Prehistory on the Accuracy of modelling Dead Time systems

The Influence of Omitting the Prehistory on the Accuracy of ...

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5th International symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics

作者： Dragomir, T. L. Codrean, A. Ceregan, V. Politehn Univ Timisoara AIA Dept Timisoara Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781424444779

the paper covers the problem involving the consequences of omitting to model the prehistory of dead time elements in control system modelling. It is shown that this omission is equivalent to the action of disturbances that can cause different effects, ranged from simple calculus differences to loss of stability. For this purpose three case studies are presented: a linear control system, a state feedback control system with limited control domain and a fuzzy control system affected by propagation delay.

关键词： Linear control systems

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