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ifac Proceedings Volumes (ifac-PapersOnline) 2003年第15期36卷 iii-iii页

作者： Feng, David Dagan Carson, Ewart R. IFAC 2003 Symposium International Programme Committee and National Organizing Committee IFAC 2003 Symposium International Programme Committee

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Towards the development of computerised healthcare delivery in the hospital setting

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control ENGINEERING PRACTICE 2002年第1期10卷 111-117页

作者： Hughes, MA Carson, ER Makhlouf, MA Morgan, CJ Summers, R City Univ London Ctr Management & Informat Med London EC1V 0HB England Mitre Corp Bedford MA 01730 USA Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Trust Dept Anaesthesia London England Univ Loughborough Dept Informat Sci Loughborough Leics England

this paper discusses issues relating to the development and evaluation of the next generation of computerised control systems in healthcare delivery. it will be argued that further increases in the cost-effectiveness of healthcare delivery and the successful implementation of organisational learning models of healthcare can best be achieved if computer systems are developed which go beyond the data management functions that typify current systems. It is further argued that the evaluation parameters of such systems are more fundamental and wide reaching than those normally employed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： biomedical control control system analysis evaluation information systems requirements analysis

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A new generic approach to model reduction for complex physiologically based drug models

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control ENGINEERING PRACTICE 2002年第1期10卷 67-81页

作者： Mahfouf, M Linkens, DA Xue, D Univ Sheffield Dept Automat Control & Syst Engn Sheffield S1 3JD S Yorkshire England

this paper explores the identification problem when dealing with physiological models relating to anaesthetic drugs such as fentanyl. the Mapleson model for drug concentration, which will be the focus of this study, is described by algebraic equations, which are derived from the laws of physics and chemistry, and there are some limitations in its system's analysis, i.e. in the study of its relevant dynamics, and its exploitation from a control design viewpoint. Hence, we propose to represent this model via dynamic differential equations with a reduced number of variables using MATLAB-SIMULINK. Using Mapleson's approach for modeliing, the input-output data for each organ can be obtained under a particular drug regimen which in turn can be used to obtain a continuous time-transfer function fit for each of these organs. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： physiological modelling pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics anaesthetic model reduction balanced realisations predictive control

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Chronic disease management: a systems model relating outcomes, reporting, monitoring, interventions and satisfaction

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control ENGINEERING PRACTICE 2002年第1期10卷 101-110页

作者： Albisser, AM Hodel, AS Albisser, JB Wanner, A BCMC Better Control Med Comp Inc Biomed Res & Chron Dis Management Syst Miami FL 33139 USA Auburn Univ Auburn AL 36849 USA BCMC Better Control Med Comp Inc Informat Technol Miami FL USA Univ Miami Div Pulm & Crit Care Med Miami FL 33152 USA

In health care systems, chronic disease state outcomes are typically reported as one-time observations ('snap-shots'). A novel mathematical and systems model was developed to link such reported outcomes to desired normal values. the model describes a dependency of outcomes on the characteristics of the provider, the patient and on the relative frequency of such snap-shots, thus confirming conventional methods in the traditional, chronic disease, management paradigm, Additionally, an important prediction is afforded by the model whereby, under certain conditions, outcomes can approach normal while being largely independent of the particular characteristics of either patient or provider. Exploitation of this unexpected prediction in risk assessment and managed care should be considered by health authorities. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： mathematical models diabetes asthma hypertension costs health care risk assessments control systems

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WINSTODEC: a stochastic deconvolution interactive program for physiological and pharmacokinetic systems

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COMPUTER MEthODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2002年第1期67卷 67-77页

作者： Sparacino, G Pillonetto, G Capello, M De Nicolao, G Cobelli, C Univ Padua Dept Elect & Informat I-35100 Padua Italy Univ Pavia Dipartimento Informat & Sistemist I-27100 Pavia Italy

Deconvolution allows the reconstruction of non-accessible inputs (e.g. hormone secretion rate) from their causally-related measurable effects (e.g. hormone plasma concentration). Deconvolution is challenging under, several aspects both general (e,g. determination of a suitable trade-off between data fit and solution smoothness in order to contrast ill-conditioning, assessment of the confidence intervals) as well as specific of physiological systems (e.g. non-uniform and infrequent data sampling). Recently, a stochastic regularization approach has been proposed and validated to handle these difficulties (De Nicolao et al., Automatica 33 (1997) 851-870). In this paper, an interactive program, WINSTODEC, is presented to allow the clinical investigator to easily obtain the solution of a deconvolution problem by this approach. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： software inverse problems smoothing biomedical systems endocrinology regularization

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A finite element model for predicting the biomechanical behaviour of the human lumbar spine

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control ENGINEERING PRACTICE 2002年第1期10卷 83-90页

作者： Pitzen, T Geisler, F Matthis, D Müller-Storz, H Barbier, D Steudel, WI Feldges, A Univ Saarland Neurochirurg Klin D-66421 Homburg Saar Germany Chicago Inst Neurosurg & Neurores Chicago IL 60614 USA Rush Univ Chicago IL 60612 USA Steinbeis Transfer Ctr Vibrat & Biomech D-77652 Offenburg Germany

the aim of this study was to develop a biomechanically validated finite element model to predict the biomechanical behaviour of the human lumbar spine in compression. For validation of the finite element model, an in vitro study was performed: Twelve human lumbar cadaveric spinal segments (six segments L2/3 and six segments L4/5) were loaded in axial compression using 600 N in the intact state and following surgical treatment using two different internal stabilisation devices. Range of motion was measured and used to calculate stiffness. A finite element model of a human spinal segment L3/4 was loaded with the same force in intact and surgically altered state, corresponding to the situation of biomechanical in vitro study. the results of the cadaver biomechanical and finite element analysis were compared. As they were close together, the finite element model was used to predict: (1) load-sharing within human lumbar spine in compression, (2) load-sharing within osteoporotic human lumbar spine in compression and (3) the stabilising potential of the different spinal implants with respect to bone mineral density. A finite element model as described here may be used to predict the biomechanical behaviour of the spine. Moreover, the influence of different spinal stabilisation systems may be predicted. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： biomedical finite element method models prediction stability

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Identification of black-box nonlinear models for lower limb movement control using functional electrical stimulation

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control ENGINEERING PRACTICE 2002年第1期10卷 91-99页

作者： Previdi, F Politecn Milan Dipartimento Elettron & Informat I-20133 Milan Italy

In this work, the problem of identification of nonlinear models for the functional electrical stimulation (FES) process is considered. In particular, experiments of stimulation of the quadriceps muscle group and the subsequent movement (or torque release) of the knee-joint will be examined. Both isometric and isotonic experimental conditions are described and NARX models will be identified from data, considering polynomial and neural network structures. For both model families, the issues of parameter estimation, structural identification and model validation will be discussed and effective solutions are proposed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： biocybernetics NARX models identification electrical stimulation

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Engineering Turbulence modelling and Experiments 5 : proceedings of the 5th International symposium on Engineering Turbulence modelling and Experiments, Mallorca, Spain, 16-18 September, 2002

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2002年

作者： Rodi, W. Fueyo, N. Elsevier Science & Technology

Turbulence is one of the key issues in tackling engineering flow problems. As powerful computers and accurate numerical methods are now available for solving the flow equations, and since engineering applications nearly always involve turbulence effects, the reliability of CFD analysis depends increasingly on the performance of the turbulence models. this series of symposia provides a forum for presenting and discussing new developments in the area of turbulence modelling and measurements, with particular emphasis on engineering-related problems. the papers in this set of proceedings were presented at the 5th International symposium on Engineering Turbulence modelling and Measurements in September 2002. they look at a variety of areas, including: Turbulence modelling; Direct and large-eddy simulations; Applications of turbulence models; Experimental studies; Transition; Turbulence control; Aerodynamic flow; Aero-acoustics; Turbomachinery flows; Heat transfer; Combustion systems; Two-phase flows. these papers are preceded by a section containing 6 invited papers covering various aspects of turbulence modelling and simulation as well as their practical application, combustion modelling and particle-image velocimetry.

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Dependability modelling of homogeneous and heterogeneous distributed systems 5

Dependability modelling of homogeneous and heterogeneous dis...

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5th IEEE International symposium on Autonomous Decentralized systems (ISADS 01)

作者： Chen, YN He, ZS Univ Witwatersrand Programme Highly Dependable Syst Johannesburg South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)0769510655

In the past few years we have developed an experimental distributed system that supports multi-task applications with different levels of criticality. Software implemented fault-tolerant protocols are used to support dependable computing. this paper first presents Markov models of a distributed system under the occurrence of faults, reconfiguration and repair. As a part of our overall project, these models are intended for solving our particular problems, like assessing the merits of redundant schemes, task allocation and reallocation policies, and fault handling used in our experimental system. However, these models are developed in a generic way. they can also be used in evaluating individual task's reliability, risk and availability under various redundant schemes in any homogeneous distributed system. then, we extend our study in analysing the dependability of the heterogeneous system consisting of a number homogeneous distributed systems connected through gateways.

关键词： distributed system dependability Markov model fault-tolerant protocol

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Parameter optimisation of real-time control strategies for urban wastewater systems

Parameter optimisation of real-time control strategies for u...

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5th IWA International symposium on systems Analysis and Computing in Water Quality Management

作者： Schütze, M Butler, D Beck, MB Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med Dept Civil & Environm Engn London SW7 2BU England Univ Georgia Warnell Sch Forest Resources Athens GA 30602 USA

Real-time control (RTC) of wastewater systems has been a topic of research and application for over two decades. Attempts so far have mainly focused on one of the parts of the urban wastewater system: either the sewer system, or the treatment plant or the river. Approaches to integrate these subsystems and considering them jointly for control purposes have been pursued only recently. control of the system aims at pursuing one (or several concomitant) objectives, which are expressed, for example, in terms of overflow volumes, loads. effluent concentrations, receiving water quality or monetary costs, to name just a few. this paper provides a general and formal definition of the problem to define a real time control algorithm for a given urban wastewater system. A general mathematical optimization problem is formulated, which describes the task of finding an tin some sense) optimum control algorithm. Since this optimization problem is, in the general case, highly non-linear with only limited information available about the objective function itself, optimization methods appropriate for this type of problem are identified. Here, the similarity of the problem to find a control algorithm and of the parameter estimation problem common in mathematical modelling becomes apparent. Hence, methods land problems encountered) in parameter estimation can be transferred to the problem of determining optimum RTC algorithms. this parallelism is outlined in the paper. As an application of the parameterisation and optimization of control strategies, integrated control of an urban wastewater system is discussed. Since the analysis of integrated control as just described poses certain requirements on a simulation engine, a novel modelling tool, called SYNOPSIS, is utilized here. this simulation tool, comprising of modules simulating water quantity and quality processes in all parts of the urban wastewater system, is embedded into a suite of optimization procedures. An integrated RTC algo

关键词： genetic algorithm global optimization integrated simulation parameter identification real time control urban wastewater system

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