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5th IEEE international symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time distributed computing (ISORC 2002)

作者： Brinkschulte, U Bechina, A Picioroaga, F Schneider, E Univ Karlsruhe IPR Inst Proc Control Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0769515584

New applications introducing restrictions in power consumption, heat, costs and available space lead to small microcontrollers becoming more and more important in distributed real-time systems. Traditional real-time middleware architectures don't fit very well for these small devices. the paper presents an ongoing approach of constructing middleware for small devices by adapting the microkernel concept known from operating systems to middleware. this middleware called OSA+ is service oriented and consists of a small core, basic-, extension-, and user-services. the core provides only a restricted functionality, while the basic and extension services adapt and scale the system according to the application environment. A first (quick and non-optimal) prototype implementation offers a core size of about 60 kBytes and an average size of about 10 kBytes for a basic service. We consider this as a basis for further optimizations leading to yet smaller sizes.

关键词： Computer architecture Costs distributed computing Energy consumption Microcontrollers Middleware Operating systems Prototypes Real time systems Space heating

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parallel computing of non-ideal 3-D space detonation wave propagation with CC-NUMA system 5

Parallel computing of non-ideal 3-D space detonation wave pr...

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5th international Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for parallel Processing

作者： Huang, QN Zhong, M Mianyang Sichuan China

ISBN: (纸本)0769515126

Investigations of the parallel computing of the non-ideal 3-D space detonation wave propagation are presented in this paper on the hi-performance computer based on CC-NUMA architecture. Upon analyzing and testing the previous serial program, the computation of curvature, the first-order and the second-order difference were determined to be the main objects of parallelization. Some processing techniques were applied to convert the serial program into parallel program, such as the strategy of "Divide and Conquer", the balance of the loading distribution. Numerical simulation computation of the parallel program results in a great increase of computing speed of the non-ideal 3-D space detonation wave propagation.

关键词： wave propagation detonation parallel programming parallel architectures distributed shared memory systems divide and conquer methods numerical analysis parallel algorithms computational fluid dynamics wave equations parallel computing nonideal 3D space detonation wave propagation high-performance computer CC-NUMA architecture curvature first-order difference second-order difference parallelization serial program parallel program divide and conquer load distribution balancing numerical simulation computing speed

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Scalability of a distributed neural information retrieval system 11

Scalability of a distributed neural information retrieval sy...

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11th IEEE international symposium on High Performance distributed computing (HPDC-11)

作者： Weeks, M Hodge, VJ Austin, J Univ York Dept Comp Sci York YO1 5DD N Yorkshire England

ISBN: (纸本)0769516866

Summary form only given. AURA (Advanced Uncertain Reasoning Architecture) is a generic family of techniques and implementations intended for high-speed approximate search and match operations on large unstructured datasets. AURA technology is fast, economical, and offers unique advantages for finding near-matches not available with other methods. AURA is based upon a high-performance binary neural network called a correlation matrix memory (CMM). Typically, several CMM elements are used in combination to solve soft or fuzzy pattern-matching problems. AURA takes large volumes of data and constructs a special type of compressed index. AURA finds exact and near-matches between indexed records and a given query, where the query itself may have omissions and errors. the degree of nearness required during matching can be varied through thresholding techniques. the PCI-based PRESENCE (parallel Structured Neural computing Engine) card is a hardware-accelerator architecture for the core CMM computations needed in AURA-based applications. the card is designed for use in low-cost workstations and incorporates 128 MByte of low-cost DRAM for CMM storage. To investigate the scalability of the distributed AURA system, we implement a word-to-document index of an AURA-based information retrieval system, called MinerTaur, over a distributed PRESENCE CMM. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： Aircraft Artificial neural networks Computer architecture Computer science Concurrent computing Coordinate measuring machines Environmental economics Information retrieval Neural networks Scalability

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the waveform ICGS technique for parallel transient simulation of semiconductor devices 16

The waveform ICGS technique for parallel transient simulatio...

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16th Annual international symposium on High Performance computing Systems and Applications

作者： Yang, LTR St Francis Xavier Univ Dept Comp Sci Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0769516262

In this paper, the parallelization aspects of the accelerated waveform relaxation algorithms for the transient simulation of semiconductor devices on parallel distributed memory computers are mainly studied. these methods are competitive with standard pointwise methods on serial architectures, but are significantly faster on parallel computers. Here we are making use of an improved parallel version of the Conjugate Gradient Squared method (ICGS) combining elements of numerical stability and parallel algorithm design, for solving the resulting sequence of time-varying sparse linear differential-algebraic initial-value problems (1VP) arising at each linearization step with waveform Newton. We reorganize the algorithm such that all inner products, matrix-vector multiplications and vector updates of a single iteration step are independent and communication time required for inner product can be overlapped efficiently with computation time of vector updates. therefore, the bottleneck of the performance, namely the cost of global communication on parallel distributed memory computers can be significantly reduced. the resulting ICGS algorithm maintains the favorable properties of the original algorithm while not increasing computational costs. Compared with other accelerated approaches such as convolution SOR and waveform GMRES techniques on waveform relaxation algorithm and pointwise methods, some very preliminary experimental results carried out on a massively parallel systems have demonstrated the advantages of the proposed approach.

关键词： Numerical methods

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A generic approach to structuring and implementing complex fault-tolerant software 5

A generic approach to structuring and implementing complex f...

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5th IEEE international symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time distributed computing (ISORC 2002)

作者： Xu, J Randell, B Romanovsky, A Univ Durham Durham DH1 3LE England

ISBN: (纸本)0769515584

this paper addresses the practical implementation of means of tolerating residual software faults in complex software systems, especially concurrent and distributed ones. there are several inherent difficulties in implementing such fault-tolerant software systems, including the controlled use of extra redundancy and the mixture of different design concerns. In an attempt to minimise these difficulties, we present a generic implementation approach, composed of a multi-layered reference architecture, a configuration method and an architectural pattern. We evaluate our implementation approach using an industrial control application whose control software we equip with the ability to tolerate a variety of software faults. the preliminary evidence shows that our approach can simplify the implementation process, reduce repetitive development effort and provide high flexibility through a generic interface for a wide range of fault tolerance schemes.

关键词： architectural patterns concurrent and distributed systems coordinated atomic actions faulttolerant software object orientation

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Real-time constraints with the OCL 5

Real-time constraints with the OCL

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5th IEEE international symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time distributed computing (ISORC 2002)

作者： Flake, S Univ Gesamthsch Paderborn LAB C D-33102 Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0769515584

In recent years, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) has received increasing attention from designers of real-time systems. Several approaches apply and enrich the UML notation for modeling of real-time applications. In addition to that, UML modelers can make use of the Object Constraint Language (OCL) to restrict their models by additional constraints. Currently, OCL and real-time extensions of the UML only provide limited means to express temporal constraints. In particular, OCL lacks sufficient means to specify, constraints over the dynamic behavior of a UML model, i.e., the evolution of states and state transitions as well as time-bounded constraints. However it is essential to be able to specify such constraints for real-time systems to guarantee correct system behavior. We argue for a consistent extension of OCL that enables modelers to express state-related time-bounded constraints.

关键词： Computer languages Context modeling distributed computing Object oriented modeling Real time systems Runtime Timing Unified modeling language

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Reactive objects 5

Reactive objects

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5th IEEE international symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time distributed computing (ISORC 2002)

作者： Nordlander, J Jones, MP Carlsson, M Kieburtz, RB Black, A OHSU OGI Sch Sci & Engn Beaverton OR 97006 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769515584

Object-oriented, concurrent, and event-based programming models provide a natural framework in which to express the behavior of distributed and embedded software systems. However contemporary programming languages still base their I/O primitives on a model in which the environment is assumed to be centrally controlled and synchronous, and interactions with the environment carried out through blocking subroutine calls. the gap between this view and the natural asynchrony of the real world has made event-based programming a complex and error-prone activity, despite recent focus on event-based frameworks and middleware. In this paper we present a consistent model of event-based concurrency, centered around the notion of reactive objects. this model relieves the object-oriented paradigm from the idea of transparent blocking, and naturally enforces reactivity and state consistency. We illustrate our point by a program example that offers substantial improvements in size and simplicity over a corresponding Java-based solution.

关键词： Algorithms Centralized control Computer peripherals Concurrent computing Java Object oriented modeling Object oriented programming Pervasive computing Programming profession Yarn

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TMO-Linux: A linux-based real-time operating system supporting execution of TMOs 5

TMO-Linux: A linux-based real-time operating system supporti...

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5th IEEE international symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time distributed computing (ISORC 2002)

作者： Kim, HJ Park, SH Kim, JG Kim, MH Rim, KW Hankuk University of Foreign Studies South Korea Konkuk University South Korea Sunmoon University South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0769515584

the TWO (time-triggered Message-triggered Object) model is a well-known real-time object model for distributed and timeliness-guaran teed computing. In a couple of years ago, we developed two TMO execution engines, named WTMOS and LTMOS, the former is for Windows platforms and the latter is for Linux platforms. those are middleware engines supporting deadline driven real-time execution of TMO methods and distributed IPC the engines have several advantages such as heterogeneous computing support, flexibility, and high portability since those have been as middlewares. However the deadline-driven schedulers of the middlewares lose temporal accuracy in some cases because the scheduling is performed by controlling priorities of real-time threads. To increase temporal accuracy and reduce overhead by middlewares, we have developed a new Linux-based operating system named "TMO-Linux" that supports distributed real-time execution of TMO instances as embedded services of an operating system. In this paper we present the functions and the structure of TMO-Linux. Our preliminary experimental results show that TMO-Linux has better timing accuracy and performance than the middleware engines.

关键词： Accuracy distributed computing Engines Linux Middleware Operating systems Processor scheduling Real time systems Timing Yarn

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distributed simulation of multi-agent hybrid systems 5

Distributed simulation of multi-agent hybrid systems

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5th IEEE international symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time distributed computing (ISORC 2002)

作者： Hur, Y Lee, I Univ Penn Dept Comp & Informat Sci Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769515584

Systems such as coordinating robot systems, automobiles, aircrafts, and chemical process control systems can be modeled as interacting hybrid systems, where hybrid systems are finite state machines with continuous dynamics. the language CHARON and its simulator have been developed to model and analyze interacting hybrid systems as communicating agents. Simulations are widely used for the analyses of hybrid systems. the simulation of a complex system is, however usually very slow. this paper proposes four algorithms for distributed simulations of hybrid systems. the idea behind distributed simulations is to achieve a speedup by utilizing multiple computing resources. the agents of a modeled system. are distributed over multiple processors to simulate the agents more efficiently. Since the state of the agent is affected by the input from other agents, they synchronize to update their local states. the challenge here is how to reduce the agent synchronization overhead. We present two approaches for resolving the problem: conservative and optimistic approaches. For the optimistic approach, we present three different algorithms for distributed simulations of hybrid systems, and compare them.

关键词： Aerospace control Aircraft Analytical models Automata Automobiles Chemical processes Computational modeling Control system synthesis Process control Robot kinematics

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A parallel finite element program on a Beowulf cluster

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ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE 2002年第7-10期33卷 427-443页

作者： Sonzogni, VE Yommi, AM Nigro, NM Storti, MA Univ Nacl Litoral CONICET INTEC Int Ctr Comp Methods EngnCIMEC RA-3000 Santa Fe Argentina

Some experiences on writing a parallel finite element code on a Beowulf cluster are shown. this cluster is made up of seven Pentium III processors connected by Fast Ethernet. the code was written in C++ making use of MPI as message passing library and parallel extensible toolkit for scientific computations. the code presented here is a general framework where specific applications may be written. In particular CFD applications regarding Laplace equations, Navier-Stokes and shallow water flows have been implemented. the parallel performance of this application code is assessed and several numerical results are presented. (C) 2002 Civil-Comp Ltd and Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beowulf clusters parallel computing finite element method computational fluid dynamics distributed computations computational mechanics

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