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the big picture, from grids and clouds to crowds: A data collective computational intelligence case proposal for managing disasters

The big picture, from grids and clouds to crowds: A data col...

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5th international Conference on P2P, parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet computing, 3PGCIC 2010

作者： Bessis, Nik Asimakopoulou, Eleana French, Tim Norrington, Peter Xhafa, Fatos Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Bedfordshire United Kingdom London WC1E 7HX United Kingdom Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Informàtics Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542379

Much work is underway within the broad next generation technologies community on issues associated with the development of services to foster collaboration via the integration of distributed and heterogeneous data systems and technologies. Various technology-driven paradigms have emerged, including Web Services, Web 2.0, Pervasive, Grids and Cloud computing. Recently, some new paradigms have emerged, including Situated computing and Crowd Sourcing. In this exploratory paper, we aim to be visionary, thus, we offer an overview highlighting relationships between these paradigms, the goal is to present how these fit into the broader picture of IT. More specifically, to discuss how these could help coin and prompt future direction of their usage (integration) in various real-world scenarios. A disaster management scenario is presented to illustrate the big picture's model architecture, as well as briefly discuss the potential impact resulting from the collective computational intelligence approach. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Grid computing

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Gustav: A lightweight approach to CPU accounting in distributed systems

Gustav: A lightweight approach to CPU accounting in distribu...

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5th international Conference on P2P, parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet computing, 3PGCIC 2010

作者： Barbera, Roberto Giorgio, Emidio Hwang, Soonwook Ricciardi, Gianni Mario Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Catania Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania Catania Italy Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Korea Republic of Consorzio COMETA Catania Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542379

Geographically distributed computational infrastructures, based on the grid paradigm, are increasingly coming out of the research sphere where they originated, candidating themselves as a low-effort business solution for accessing and using vaste computating infrastructures, much larger than those small-medium enterprises can usually afford building 'in house'. In such scenario, accounting and billing systems play a key role, as any business model cannot opt out of instruments showing how many resources have been used in a given period of time and by whom. For this reason, several accounting systems have been developed in the last years, for various grid middleware. Although each of them has its own features, they are generally targeted for large-size infrastructures, because of the comprehensive range of results available and the vast effort to implement and deploy them. However, sometimes different needs arise, especially for smaller sites participating to large distributed infrastructures. Gustav aims to fulfill some of these requirements in a simple and reliable way, and could be considered as an alternative approach to CPU accounting for grid sites. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Middleware

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Future supply chain processes and data for collective intelligence

Future supply chain processes and data for collective intell...

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5th international Conference on P2P, parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet computing, 3PGCIC 2010

作者： Watmough, Martin Polovina, Simon Khazaeri, Babak Hill, Richard Conceptual Structures Research Group Department of Computing Sheffield Hallam University United Kingdom Distributed and Intelligent Systems Research Group University of Derby United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542379

the aim of this paper is to identify the requirements on data that are necessary to support a collective intelligence solution for future supply chains. It is based on an evidential discussion of the information flows in future supply chains and the impact these will have on the life cycle, governance and ownership of data. Supply Chains are facing an increasing complex future if they are to provide the services required while operating in increasingly diverse landscapes and environments. Integration and coordination across the whole supply chain is requiring new approaches, systems and processes therefore data must be enhanced to support these new demands and provide the agility that organisations and consumers envisage. the content of data or data sets is discussed in the context of semantics and Service Orientated Architecture (SOA). A shift in the content of data to include behaviour and increased synchronisation across processes is developed as a possible solution for future supply chains. the evolution and importance of understanding is discussed and developed into a reliance on the integration of data and processes through change control and governance to achieve a collective intelligence across the supply chain. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Peer interest-based discovery for decentralized peer-to-peer systems

Peer interest-based discovery for decentralized peer-to-peer...

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5th international Conference on P2P, parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet computing, 3PGCIC 2010

作者： Visan, Andreea Istin, Mihai Pop, Florin Xhafa, Fatos Cristea, Valentin Faculty of Automatics and Computer Science University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Romania Department of Languages and Informatics Systems Technical University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542379

the success of content distribution oriented peer-to-peer systems heavily depends on the resource discovery mechanism. In case of large-scale distributed systems, this mechanism must be scalable and robust. the paper proposes a structured solution for resource discovery in decentralized peer-to-peer systems, which is guided by peer interest in collaborating with other peers. the problem of discovering peers of interest has many applications in file sharing, in data-aware scheduling, and in optimizing the files and documents downloads. Moreover, if trust is added as another parameter to define peers of interest, the interest-based discovery is useful in trusted P2P applications. We focused on developing the overlay network to ensure a very small number of messages required to retrieve, insert or delete a file even in the case of a very large network containing millions of nodes. In the experimental validation we used Over Sim, a simulation tool for P2P systems. the experimental results highlight the good performance obtained regarding message communication and system's scalability. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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Towards MapReduce for desktop grid computing

Towards MapReduce for desktop grid computing

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5th international Conference on P2P, parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet computing, 3PGCIC 2010

作者： Tang, Bing Moca, Mircea Chevalier, Stephane He, Haiwu Fedak, Gilles Hunan University of Science and Technology China University of Babes-Bolyai of Cluj-Napoca Romania Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon France INRIA Université de Lyon France

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542379

MapReduce is an emerging programming model for data-intense application proposed by Google, which has attracted a lot of attention recently. MapReduce borrows from functional programming, where programmer defines Map and Reduce tasks executed on large set of distributed data. In this paper we propose an implementation of the MapReduce programming model. We present the architecture of the prototype based on Bit Dew, a middleware for large scale data management on Desktop Grid. We describe the set of features which makes our approach suitable for large scale and loosely connected Internet Desktop Grid: massive fault tolerance, replica management, barriers-free execution, latency-hiding optimisation as well as distributed result checking. We also present performance evaluation of the prototype both against micro-benchmarks and real MapReduce application. the scalability test shows that we achieve linear speedup on the classical Word Count benchmark. Several scenarios involving lagger hosts and host crashes demonstrate that the prototype is able to cope with an experimental context similar to real-world Internet. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： MapReduce

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Pareto Front Based Realistic Soft Real-Time Task Scheduling with Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm in Unstructured Heterogeneous distributed System

Pareto Front Based Realistic Soft Real-Time Task Scheduling ...

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5th international Conference on Grid and Pervasive computing

作者： Sedaghat, Nafiseh Tabatabaee-Yazdi, Hamid Akbarzadeh-T, Mohammad-R Islamic Azad Univ Dept Comp Engn Qouchan Branch Tehran Iran Islamic Azad Univ Mashhad Branch Dept Artificial Intelligence Tehran Iran Ferdowsi Univ Mashhad Dept Elect Engn Mashhad Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9783642130663

Task scheduling is an essential aspect of parallel processing system. this problem assumes fully connected processors and ignores contention on the communication links. However, as arbitrary processor network (APN), communication contention has a strong influence on the execution time of a parallel application. In this paper, we propose multi-objective genetic algorithm to solve task scheduling problem with time constraints in unstructured heterogeneous processors to find the scheduling with minimum makespan and total tardiness. To optimize objectives, we use Pareto front based technique, vector based method. In this problem, just like tasks, we schedule messages on suitable links during the minimization of the makespan and total tardiness. To find a path for transferring a message between processors we use classic routing algorithm. We compare our method with BSA method that is a well known algorithm. Experimental results show our method is better than BSA and yield better makespan and total tardiness.

关键词： DAG distributed system Edge scheduling Genetic algorithm Heterogeneous system Link contention Multi-objective Optimization Precedence constraint Real time system Routing Soft real time Task scheduling

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Towards a service-oriented e-infrastructure for multidisciplinary environmental research

Towards a service-oriented e-infrastructure for multidiscipl...

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5th Biennial Conference of the international Environmental Modelling and Software Society: Modelling for Environment's Sake, iEMSs 2010

作者： Kassahun, Ayalew Athanasiadis, Ioannis N. Rizzoli, Andrea E. Krause, Arno Scholten, Huub Makowski, Marek Beulens, Adrie LDI-Logistics Decision and Information Sciences Wageningen University Netherlands IDSIA-Istituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull'Intelligenza Artificiale Lugano Switzerland Alterra Wageningen University Netherlands IIASA-The International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357411

Research e-infrastructures are considered to have generic and thematic parts. the generic part provides high-speed networks, grid (large-scale distributed computing) and database systems (digital repositories and data transfer systems) applicable to all research communities irrespective of discipline. thematic parts are specific deployments of e-infrastructures to support diverse virtual research communities. the needs of a virtual community of multidisciplinary environmental researchers are yet to be investigated. We envisage and argue for an e-infrastructure that will enable environmental researchers to develop environmental models and software entirely out of existing components through loose coupling of diverse digital resources based on the service-oriented architecture. We discuss four specific aspects for consideration for a future e-infrastructure: 1) provision of digital resources (data, models & tools) as web services, 2) dealing with stateless and non-transactional nature of web services using workflow management systems, 3) enabling web service discovery, composition and orchestration through semantic registries, and 4) creating synergy with existing grid infrastructures.

关键词： Web services

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Power-aware MPI task aggregation prediction for high-end computing systems

Power-aware MPI task aggregation prediction for high-end com...

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24th IEEE international parallel and distributed Processing symposium, IPDPS 2010

作者： Li, Dong Nikolopoulos, Dimitrios S. Cameron, Kirk De Supinski, Bronis R. Schulz, Martin Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA United States Lawrence Livermore National Lab Livermore CA United States FORTH-ICS and University of Crete Heraklion Crete Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781424464432

Emerging large-scale systems have many nodes with several processors per node and multiple cores per processor. these systems require effective task distribution between cores, processors and nodes to achieve high levels of performance and utilization. Current scheduling strategies distribute tasks between cores according to a count of available cores, but ignore the execution time and energy implications of task aggregation (i.e., grouping multiple tasks within the same node or the same multicore processor). Task aggregation can save significant energy while sustaining or even improving performance. However, choosing an effective task aggregation becomes more difficult as the core count and the options available for task placement increase. We present a framework to predict the performance effect of task aggregation in both computation and communication phases and its impact in terms of execution time and energy of MPI programs. Our results for the NPB 3.2 MPI benchmark suite show that our framework provides accurate predictions leading to substantial energy saving through aggregation (64.87% on average and up to 70.03%) with tolerable performance loss (under 5%). © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Benchmarking

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HiAL-Ckpt: A hierarchical application-level checkpointing for CPU-GPU hybrid systems

HiAL-Ckpt: A hierarchical application-level checkpointing fo...

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international Conference on Computer Science and Education

作者： Xu, Xinhai Lin, Yufei Tang, Tao Lin, Yisong National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424460052

In light of its powerful computing capacity and high energy efficiency, GPU (graphics processing unit) has become a focus in the research field of HPC (High Performance computing). CPU-GPU heterogeneous parallel systems have become a new development trend of super-computer. However, the inherent unreliability of the GPU hardware deteriorates the reliability of super-computer. We have researched on the fault-tolerance(FT) technique for CPU-GPU heterogeneous parallel systems, and introduced a new checkpointing mechanism, i.e., the hierarchical application-level checkpointing, for such systems. the basic idea of this new checkpointing mechanism is checkpointing at two independent levels, i.e., CPU level and GPU level, to tolerate CPU and GPU faults respectively. Based on the idea, we have also designed and implemented a hierarchical application-level checkpointing tool "HiAL-Ckpt". Using this tool, programmers can insert two kinds of directives, i.e., CPU directives and GPU directives into a program, and the compiler will transform the directives into CPU or GPU checkpointing codes according to their nature. From the case study of SWIM, a test bench from spec2000 benchmark suite, we have demonstrated the validity of the hierarchical application-level checkpointing technique. the experimental results show that the falut-tolerance temporal cost of HiAL-Ckpt for SWIM is only 2.25%, compared with the executing time of SWIM without any FT work. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Reliability analysis of declustered-parity RAID 6 with disk scrubbing and considering Irrecoverable Read Errors

Reliability analysis of declustered-parity RAID 6 with disk ...

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5th IEEE international Conference on Networking, Architecture and Storage, NAS 2010

作者： Gao, Yan Meister, Dirk Brinkmann, André University of Paderborn Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing Fuerstenallee 11 33102 Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541341

We investigate the impact of Irrecoverable Read Errors (IREs) on Mean Time To Data Loss (MTTDL) of declustered-parity RAID 6 systems. By extending the analytic model to study the reliability of RAID 5 systems from [1] we obtain the MTTDL which mainly takes into account two types of data loss: data loss caused by three independent disk failures, and data loss due to a detected IRE during the rebuild after two disks failed. Furthermore we improve the analysis by also considering disk scrubbing to reduce the probability of IREs via periodically reading the data stored on a disk. the results of our numerical analysis show that IREs have a large effect on the MTTDL. the countermeasure is to increase the disk scrubbing rate. As an example, the MTTDL of a system where each disk is scrubbed everyday increases by a factor of at least 27 compared to that of a system with a scrubbing rate of once a year. In addition, declustered-parity RAID 6 system improves the reliability of standard non-declustered RAID 6 systems. For example, a declustered-parity RAID 6 system without disk scrubbing improves the MTTDLs by a factor at least 150 compared to that of a standard system where each disk is scrubbed everyday. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Errors

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