Ambient intelligence involves the convergence of several computing areas: ubiquitous computing, intelligent systems and context-awareness. Developing context-aware applications needs facilities for recognizing and rep...
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Ambient intelligence involves the convergence of several computing areas: ubiquitous computing, intelligent systems and context-awareness. Developing context-aware applications needs facilities for recognizing and representing context, reasoning on it and adapting to it accordingly. In what concerns context representation, the newest and most challenging representation is the ontological one. the problem is that current ontologies for context do not provide a standard for representing complex context attributes. In this paper, we propose a context definition and representation used to construct context-based agent architecture. the representation we propose combines the generality provided by ontologies withthe complexity inspired by the object oriented models. the goal of the proposed architecture is to support the deployment of context-aware agents able to learn how to recognize the context of their decisions and to adapt to it. the use of this architecture is illustrated on a test MAS for agenda management, usingthe JADE-LEAP platform on PCs and PDAs.
Researchers in "contextual vocabulary acquisition" differ over the kinds of context involved in vocabulary learning, and the methods and benefits thereof. this paper presents a computational theory of contex...
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作者：
Roque, LicinioCISUC
University of Coimbra - Polo II 3030 Coimbra Portugal
the authors previously proposed the context Engineering (CE) approach to Information Systems Development (ISD) as a framework to organise ideas about previous development experience and to guide future research on spe...
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the authors previously proposed the context Engineering (CE) approach to Information Systems Development (ISD) as a framework to organise ideas about previous development experience and to guide future research on specific ISD methods and techniques. the goals of the CE approach are: to achieve an understanding of the ISD as socio-technical phenomena within a cultural and historical envelope;to provide a framework of problems supported on the relation between context and mediators;and to use contextuality as a key to performing emancipatory movements. Fundamental concepts are the notions of context as figure-ground and as autopoietic flux, of human activity as unit of contextual analysis, of the pervasiveness of mediation in human activity, of socio-technical networks as media and the hypothesis of a heterogeneous social engineering. A framework of development problems is presented along with a discussion of general and process related principles for the CE approach. A fundamental challenge proposed in this approach is the modeling of context as central influencing aspect of development, and the need to find appropriate instruments - concepts, techniques, representations - for modelingcontext as part of the ongoing decision making processes in the flow of ISD development activities. Moreover, we need modeling approaches that enable participation and focus on socio-technical relationships as the fabric of reality.
After more than three decades of research, the Decision Support Systems (DSS) community is still looking for a unified and standardized DSS development methodology. In this paper, we argue that the existing solutions ...
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After more than three decades of research, the Decision Support Systems (DSS) community is still looking for a unified and standardized DSS development methodology. In this paper, we argue that the existing solutions remain too distinct and project-specific because they fail to properly consider the context of the target DSS in their processes. this paper describes a new approach, whose goal is to formalize the notion of context in the study of DSS development. the proposed approach is based on the concept of value-based software engineering. It is structured around two techniques called the benefits-realization approach and the realization feedback process. An example is provided to illustrate how an impractical, context-free DSS development life cycle can be turned into a context-based life cycle focusing on the most success-critical aspects of the target DSS.
In traditional databases and information systems the number of users is more or less known and their background is to a great extent homogeneous. In distributed and heterogeneous environments however such as the Web, ...
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In traditional databases and information systems the number of users is more or less known and their background is to a great extent homogeneous. In distributed and heterogeneous environments however such as the Web, users do not apply the same conventions when interpreting data due to different backgrounds, knowledge or culture. Interpreting and managing data according to the context is a topic not explored in its full potential in these new environments. In this work we present the context Relational model (CR model), a model that extends the relational model to argue also about context. the interesting part of this approach is that context is treated as first-class citizen at the level of database models and query languages. this is due to the fact that an attribute may not exist under some contexts or that the attribute may have different values under different contexts. Apart from the model description this work presents also a set of basic operations which extend relational algebra so as to take context into account.
As the number of mobile devices we carry grows, the job of managing those devices throughout the day becomes cumbersome. this is especially true for cell phones. Despite the many benefits they provide, cell phones cre...
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ISBN:
(纸本)354026924X
As the number of mobile devices we carry grows, the job of managing those devices throughout the day becomes cumbersome. this is especially true for cell phones. Despite the many benefits they provide, cell phones create problems that arise from a mismatch between the user's context and the cell phone's behavior. In large part, the mismatch occurs because owners do not remember to frequently update their cell phone configuration according to the current context. It is desirable for mobile devices to automatically configure themselves based on the context of the environment and user preferences. Given the personal attachment between people and their mobile devices such as cell phones, context-aware automatic configuration may not be the preferred solution for users. We have conducted an in situ experiment to examine the feasibility, effectiveness and people's reactions to such a solution. Our results show that people prefer automatic configuration over configuring their devices by hand, and they are willing to adopt it in real life. the results also suggest that a hybrid, passive-active, context-aware configuration approach is preferred over a purely passive or active one.
Proactive retrieval systems monitor a user's task context and automatically provide the user with related resources. the effectiveness of such systems depends on their ability to perform context-based retrieval, g...
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ISBN:
(纸本)354026924X
Proactive retrieval systems monitor a user's task context and automatically provide the user with related resources. the effectiveness of such systems depends on their ability to perform context-based retrieval, generating queries which return context-relevant results. Two factors make this task especially challenging for Web-based retrieval. First, the quality of Web retrieval can be strongly affected by the vocabulary used to generate the queries. If the system's vocabulary for describing the context differs from the vocabulary used in the resources themselves, relevant resources may be missed. Second, search engine restrictions on query length may make it difficult to include sufficient contextual information in a single query. this paper presents an algorithm, IACS (Incremental Algorithm for context-Based Search), which addresses these problems by building up, applying, and refining partial context descriptions incrementally. In IACS, an initial term-based context description is the starting point for a cycle of mining search engines, performing context-based filtering of results, and refining context descriptions to generate new rounds of queries in an expanded vocabulary. IACS has been applied in a system for proactively supporting concept-map-based knowledge modeling, by retrieving resources relevant to target concepts in the context of the rich information provided by "in progress" concept maps. An evaluation of the system shows that it provides significant improvements over a baseline for retrieving context-relevant resources. We expect the algorithm to have broad applicability to context-based Web retrieval for rich contexts.
We propose and develop an approach modeled with multi-attribute utility theory for sensor fusion in context-aware environments. Our approach is distinguished from existing general purpose fusion techniques by a number...
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the aim of this paper is to present an approach to modelling and usingthe context of learning in intelligent learning environments. the approach developed allows the modelling of the content and dynamics of learning ...
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Spatial and temporal granularity can be understood as parameters of context restricting the set of accessible objects in a context. Starting from the idea that this selection process depends to a large extent on the r...
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