Recent evidences indicate that most faults in softwaresystems are found in only a few of a system's components [1]. the early identification of these components allows an organization to focus on defect detection...
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ISBN:
(纸本)076951877X
Recent evidences indicate that most faults in softwaresystems are found in only a few of a system's components [1]. the early identification of these components allows an organization to focus on defect detection activities on high risk components, for example by optimally allocating testing resources [2], or redesigning components that are likely to cause field failures. this paper presents a prototype tool called Architecture-level Risk Assessment Tool (ARAT) based on the risk assessment methodology presented in [3]. the ARAT provides risk assessment based on measures obtained from Unified Modeling Language (UHL) artifacts [4]. this tool can be used in the design phase of the software development process. It estimates dynamic metrics [5] and automatically analyzes the quality of the architecture to produce architectural-level software risk assessment [3].
Eliciting the requirements for a proposed system typically involves different stakeholders with different expertise, responsibilities, and perspectives. Viewpoints-based approaches have been proposed as a way to manag...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769520359
Eliciting the requirements for a proposed system typically involves different stakeholders with different expertise, responsibilities, and perspectives. Viewpoints-based approaches have been proposed as a way to manage incomplete and inconsistent models gathered from multiple sources. In this paper, we propose a category-theoretic framework for the analysis of fuzzy viewpoints. Informally, a fuzzy viewpoint is a graph in which the elements of a lattice are used to specify the amount of knowledge available about the details of nodes and edges. By defining an appropriate notion of morphism between fuzzy viewpoints, we construct categories of fuzzy viewpoints and prove that these categories are (finitely) cocomplete. We then show how colimits can be employed to merge the viewpoints and detect the inconsistencies that arise independent of any particular choice of viewpoint semantics. We illustrate an application of the framework through a case-study, showing how fuzzy viewpoints can serve as a requirements elicitation tool in reactive systems.
this paper presents Visual Constraint Diagrams (VCD's), an extension to UML object diagrams for expressing constraints over object models. VCD's allow designers to express well-formedness constraints that cann...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769520359
this paper presents Visual Constraint Diagrams (VCD's), an extension to UML object diagrams for expressing constraints over object models. VCD's allow designers to express well-formedness constraints that cannot be expressed using class diagrams alone;an example of such a constraint is that a linked list data structure cannot have any loops. VCD's offer two advances over existing techniques: 1) they allow constraints to be expressed within the visual notation of UML, without resorting to complex textual notations such as OCL;2) VCD's can be checked at runtime, increasing the value of design documents to developers. An editor and a checker for VCD's have been implemented as part of the Rosetta software design tool.
Metaphor is one of the twelve practices of Extreme Programming (XP), and definitely among the more difficult ones to teach and use. We present our experience withthe use of metaphors and conclude with suggested guide...
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Next generation softwareengineering will have to support open, dynamic architectures where components can accomplish tasks in a variety of operating environments. Consider application areas such as eBusiness, applica...
ISBN:
(纸本)3540408606
Next generation softwareengineering will have to support open, dynamic architectures where components can accomplish tasks in a variety of operating environments. Consider application areas such as eBusiness, application service provision, pervasive or P2P computing. these all call for software components that find and compose services dynamically, establish/drop partnerships with other components and operate under a broad range of conditions. Learning, planning, communication and negotiation become essential features for such software components.
Very often a planning problem can be formulated as a ranking problem: i.e. to find an order relation over a set of alternatives. the ranking of a finite set of alternatives can be designed as a preference elicitation ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540404333
Very often a planning problem can be formulated as a ranking problem: i.e. to find an order relation over a set of alternatives. the ranking of a finite set of alternatives can be designed as a preference elicitation problem. While the case-based preference elicitation approach is more effective with respect to the first principle methods, still the scaling problem remains an open issue because the elicitation effort has a quadratic relation withthe number of alternative cases. In this paper we propose a solution based on the machine learning techniques. We illustrate how a boosting algorithm can effectively estimate pairwise preferences and reduce the effort of the elicitation process. Experimental results, both on artificial data and a real world problem in the domain of civil defence, showed that a good trade-off can be achieved between the accuracy of the estimated preferences, and the elicitation effort of the end user.
this paper defines a new protocol KeEs for the key establishment that meets the security requirements of the threat model proposed. the KeEs protocol assures forward and backward secrecy of the session key, so that if...
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Rule-based systems have been successfully applied for adaptation. But the rule-based adaptation knowledge for engineering design has no static characteristic. therefore the adaptation problem emerges also as a validat...
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CAD Power Electrical systems (PES) was considered as development of the knowledge base with a hierarchical subject area. the structure of CAD PES is submitted by three levels: element - objects;structural - basic topo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780377818
CAD Power Electrical systems (PES) was considered as development of the knowledge base with a hierarchical subject area. the structure of CAD PES is submitted by three levels: element - objects;structural - basic topological components and connections;system integrity unity PES. the following tasks are decided: - At an element level - the mathematical models and software of basic elements PES, identification and the synthesis. - At a structural level - analysis of electrical networks in temporary and frequency areas with sources and loadings set by stochastic functions and signals of complex spectral structure;optimum strategy of distribution of resources in networks;parametrical optimization of networks, information analysis of structures. - At a system level - calculation of a efficiency PES;strategy of optimum reservation of elements and prophylactics. Optimization of the diagrams of a power consumption.
Side-chain prediction is an important subtask in the protein-folding problem. We show that finding a minimal energy side-chain configuration is equivalent to performing inference in an undirected graphical model. the ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0262025507
Side-chain prediction is an important subtask in the protein-folding problem. We show that finding a minimal energy side-chain configuration is equivalent to performing inference in an undirected graphical model. the graphical model is relatively sparse yet has many cycles. We used this equivalence to assess the performance of approximate inference algorithms in a real-world setting. Specifically we compared belief propagation (BP), generalized BP (GBP) and naive mean field (MF). In cases where exact inference was possible, max-product BP always found the global minimum of the energy (except in few cases where it failed to converge), while other approximation algorithms of similar complexity did not. In the full protein data set, max-product BP always found a lower energy configuration than the other algorithms, including a widely used protein-folding software (SCWRL).
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