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IDENTIFICATION OF DEFECTS ORIGINATED DURING thE FILLING OF CAST PIECES thROUGH PARTICLES MODELLING 11

IDENTIFICATION OF DEFECTS ORIGINATED DURING THE FILLING OF C...

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11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM) / 5th european conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM) / 6th european conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD)

作者： Blanco, Jesus M. Carranza, Primitivo Pintos, Rafael Arriaga, Pedro Remaki, Lakhdar Univ Basque Country UPV EHU Sch Engn Alameda Urquijo S-N Bilbao 48013 Spain BCAM Bilbao 48009 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9788494284472

In casting processes, strong recirculation zones may trap air, gases and strip particles of sand off the mold affecting seriously the quality of the cast pieces. Especially during the filling of molten pieces with large surfaces, several faults were detected which are responsible of considerable economic losses in such casting processes. the aim of this work is focused on the correct identification of these physical phenomena, through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). A fully experimental work correlating a saline solution with similar properties than the liquid alloy was carried out in order to guess the flow behavior inside the mold. Different parameters such as filling time, temperature and velocity of the liquid alloy together with the geometrical design of the mold were taken into account. the simulated evolution profiles and propagation speeds were compared with the laboratory experiments showing good agreement, validating thus the numerical model. through an advanced particles modeling feature from a commercial package, the potential to predict and later correct some casting defects was demonstrated. As a conclusion, the mold together with supply channels need to be carefully optimized in order to control the correct direction of solidification avoiding the appearance of oxides but also to prevent stripping the sand off the walls.

关键词： Cast pieces Defects Particles numerical analysis Fluid dynamics

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numerical studies of upgrading sheet pile quay walls using submerged grouted anchors: A parametric study

Numerical studies of upgrading sheet pile quay walls using s...

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8th european conference on numerical methods in geotechnical engineering, NUMGE 2014

作者： Mollahasani, A. Benedetti, A. Lamberti, A. Sciacca, L. Melegari, C. University of Bologna Bologna Italy Sapir Engineering Company S.r.l. Ravenna Italy Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781138026889

Sheet pilewalls are one of the oldest earth retention systems utilized in civil engineering projects. Sheet pile walls are used for various purposes;such as excavation support system, cofferdams, cut-off walls under dams, slope stabilization, waterfront structures, and flood walls. Sheet pile walls are one of the most common types of quay walls used in port construction. the worldwide increases in utilization of large ships for transportation have created an urgent need of deepening the seabed within port areas and consequently the rehabilitation of its wharfs. Several methods can be used to increase the load-carrying capacity of sheet-piling walls. the use of additional anchored tie rods grouted into the backfill soil and arranged along the exposed wall height is one of the most practical and appropriate solutions adopted for rehabilitation and upgrading of the existing quay wall. the Ravenna Port Authority initiated a project to deepen the harbor bottom at selected wharves to a depth of 12.00m and 14.00m for future. An extensive parametric study through the finite element program, PLAXIS 2D, version 2012 was carried out to investigate the enhancement of using submerged grouted anchors technique on the load response of sheet-piling quay wall for the final dredged depth (14.00 m). the influence of grout-ties area, length of grouted body, anchor inclination and anchor location were considered and evaluated due to the effect of different system parameters. the analysis aims of obtaining the best configuration for given sheet pile and anchor resistance. © 2014 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

关键词： Quay walls

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the influence of the soil constitutive model on the numerical assessment of mechanized tunneling

The influence of the soil constitutive model on the numerica...

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8th european conference on numerical methods in geotechnical engineering, NUMGE 2014

作者： Vakili, K.N. Lavasan, A.A. Schanz, T. Datcheva, M. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department for Foundation Engineering Soil and Rock Mechanics Ruhr-Universität Bochum Bochum Germany Institute of Mechanics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9781138026889

there are several soil constitutive models which have been developed based on the different concepts and purposes. Since the soil constitutive models have significant effects on the numerical results, selection of an appropriate model for soil is still a big challenge. In this research, an attempt is made to evaluate the influence of different soil constitutive models on the behavior of the soil subjected to mechanized tunneling procedure. the finite element code PLAXIS3D has been employed for the numerical analysis. the mechanized tunneling process has been numerically simulated by generating a sophisticated three dimensional model including a shallow and a deep tunnel project. the mechanical behavior of the soil has been modeled by the use of three constitutive models from the same family but with different complexity, namely Mohr-Coulomb model (MC), Hardening Soil model (HS) and Hardening Soil model with small strain feature (HS-small) being categorized as simple, intermediate and complex models, respectively. Since, there are several construction stages in the mechanized tunneling process, the stress path existing take place the soil media is *** the knowledge of the authors, most of the numerical studies on mechanized tunneling in frictional soils have been conducted by the use of simple MC model which may lead to questionable results due to inappropriate response of this model for complex problems with loading/unloading/reloading cycles. thereafter, some phenomena such as soil displacement variations and stress paths at the observation points at different locations around the tunnel as well as the ground surface will be presented. Finally, the difference between the results obtained employing the considered constitutive models is discussed and the most relevant constitutive model leading to reliable results is made distinguished. © 2014 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

关键词： Soils

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Micro-piles under dynamic horizontal excitation: Field tests and numerical modeling

Micro-piles under dynamic horizontal excitation: Field tests...

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8th european conference on numerical methods in geotechnical engineering (NUMGE)

作者： Meier, thomas Baugrund Dresden Ingn Gesell Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781315751825;9781138026872

Field tests were performed to study the performance of vertically loaded micro-pile foundations in sand under horizontal dynamic excitation. this represents a simplified method to simulate an earthquake under true scale conditions. Two foundations were tested, each consisting of 3 inclined micro-piles and a pile cap installed in dry sand. Geophones were installed on top of the pile caps and in the vicinity of the foundations to measure the oscillations in the surrounding subsoil. 3D finite element models were created for a back analysis of the field tests. A hypoplastic constitutive model was used for the description of the mechanical behavior of the subsoil. this model comprises density and the most recent deformation history as state variables and makes possible a realistic assessment of changes of density or pore water pressures, respectively, due to monotonic and alternating loading. the paper at hand describes the field tests and numerical analyses and summarizes relevant results for the dry conditions of the field tests. Additionally, simulation results for saturated conditions are presented, which are used to judge potential liquefaction effects.

关键词： Pile foundations

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Modelling suction caisson installation in sand using FLAC3D

Modelling suction caisson installation in sand using FLAC3D

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8th european conference on numerical methods in geotechnical engineering, NUMGE 2014

作者： Mehravar, Moura Harireche, Ouahid Alani, Amir M. Department of Civil Engineering School of Engineering University of Greenwich United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781138026889

Suction caisson foundations have been very popular in oil and gas industry and the current trend is to extend their use to offshore wind farms. A suction caisson is an upturned 'bucket' of cylindrical shape made from steel. Seepage conditions play a pivotal role in suction caisson installation process in sand. Pressure gradients generated by the imposed suction inside the caisson cavity cause an overall reduction in the soil resistance around the caisson wall and tip. this transient soil loosening around the caisson wall helps caisson penetration into the seabed. However, these effects must be controlled to avoid soil failure due to critical conditions such as piping or loss of soil shear strength. In this paper, we endeavour to study the role of seepage on the suction caisson installation process in *** investigate the effect of seepage conditions on soil resistance to caisson penetration with a particular focus on how frictional and tip resistance are differently affected. For this purpose a series of finite difference simulations of suction caisson installation process are performed using FLAC3D models. the required suction is predicted using an explicit strategy which consists of updating current suction based on displacement history available after the previous prescribed displacement *** results of FLAC3D models show that this approach provides an insight on how soil resistance evolves under suction during the installation process and confirm the effect of seepage on total reduction of shear resistance around the caisson wall during installation in sand. © 2014 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

关键词： Soils

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Ground thermal modelling and analysis of energy pile foundations

Ground thermal modelling and analysis of energy pile foundat...

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8th european conference on numerical methods in geotechnical engineering, NUMGE 2014

作者： Cervera, C.P. Sinnathamby, G. Gustavsson, H. Korkiala-Tanttu, L. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Aalto University Espoo Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781138026889

Geothermal resources represent a great potential of directly usable and renewable energy for heating and cooling buildings. Deep foundations, such as energy piles, combine the structural function as a foundation with a heat exchanger serving the thermal needs of buildings. the embedded pipes inside the energy piles are connected to a Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHPs) and use natural ground temperature as a heat source for thermal energy production. these systems nowadays represent one of the most sustainable energy systems for cooling and heating buildings, maximizing economic and environmental benefits. the efficiency of the energy pile systems is strongly related to ground/soil conditions, distribution and length of the piles, and ground temperatures. this paper focuses on the thermal modeling and analysis using a FEM model (SoilVision Heat v 2.4.10), describing the heat transfer in the ground in order to find the best solution for the design of an energy pile foundation for a proposed building in western Finland. the efficiency of a vertical insulation barrier surrounding the energy pile foundation is also studied. the results showed that the short piles that are used solely to inject the solar energy into the ground over heats the ground at shallow depths while leaving the ground at near zero temperature at greater depths. this creates a significant temperature gradient and thus, it is advisable to avoid the short piles if possible, instead use the long piles for the same purpose. 5m deep XPS vertical insulation around the building improved the thermal balance at shallow depths;however, it was insignificant even at depths deeper than 10 meters. © 2014 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

关键词： Piles

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numerical simulation on the design optimization of compaction grouting

Numerical simulation on the design optimization of compactio...

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8th european conference on numerical methods in geotechnical engineering (NUMGE)

作者： Anthogalidis, Antonios Arslan, Ulvi Reul, Oliver Meissner & Partner GmbH Baugrundinst Franke Wiesbaden Germany Tech Univ Darmstadt Fac Civil Engn & Geodesy Darmstadt Germany Univ Kassel Dept Geotech Engn Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781315751825;9781138026872

In the scope of this paper the mechanical behavior and the design optimization of compaction grouting is investigated by means of numerical studies. the finite element method (FEM) is used for the numerical simulation. the extreme large distortion due to the expansion of the grout volume can be modeled applying a continuum mechanical approach which is based on the Eulerian description of the continuum. To this end, the Updated with Rotation Euler Formulation by (FEAT, 2011) is used. the stress-strain dependency of the soil is modeled with the hypoplastic model by (Kolymbas, 1988), extended by (v. Wolffersdorff, 1996). An axisymmetric 2D model with horizontally sequential column grouting is developed to avoid time consuming 3D calculations. Using this model the expansions of all grout columns inside the determined minimal model width are simulated in a single calculation procedure. With the developed model a representative area of compaction grouting for a back-analysis of the measured data of the case history of a distribution centre is modeled. Compaction, settlement reduction and injection pressures are calculated with sufficient accuracy.

关键词： Grouting

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numerical simulation of 3D impact problem 11

Numerical simulation of 3D impact problem

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Joint 11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics, WCCM 2014, the 5th european conference on Computational Mechanics, ECCM 2014 and the 6th european conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics, ECFD 2014

作者： Bandeira, Alex Alves De Mattos Pimenta, Paulo Department of Construction and Structures Polytechnic School Federal University of Bahia Salvador Brazil Department of Structural Engineering Polytechnic School University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9788494284472

In this work 3D simulations of impact problems in solid mechanics are presented. the numerical examples are simulated using a personal program developed by Bandeira, called CMAP (Contact Mechanics Analysis Program), that consists to solve impact problems using the implicit methods, [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]. the bodies in contact undergo finite deformation within an elastoplastic range, [8], [9]. the augmented Lagrangian method is used to solve the contact problems with friction, [10], [11], [9], [12], [13]. For the contact formulation within the finite element method, the matrix formulation for a node-to-surface element consisting of a master surface with four nodes and a contacting node is derived. Here, the discretised contact surfaces are not smooth, i.e. there is no continuity of the normal vector between the adjacent surfaces. At the edge between the surfaces the normal is not uniquely defined, that needs a special algorithmic treatment. these contact formulations considers the possible sliding of slave node from one surface to the adjacent one. the purpose of this paper is to present numerical examples of impact problems using the algorithms of contact mechanics, non-linear dynamics and elastoplasticity based on an associated von Mises yield function formulated in principal axes, [14]. the plasticity formulation is derived based on exact linearization. the nonlinear dynamic theories is applied to solve impact problems such that can produce stable solutions in nonlinear brick dynamics by applying standard time integration methods, such as the Newmark method, [15], [16], [17], [18]. Acceptable time step sizes or modified time integration schemes is necessary in order to produce accurate and computationally efficient results. Several numerical examples of impact problems in elastoplastic range are presented to show the algorithm ability. All numerical examples are modelled by using brick elements.

关键词： Elastoplasticity

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numerical methods for simulation of downward progressive landslides

Numerical methods for simulation of downward progressive lan...

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8th european conference on numerical methods in geotechnical engineering (NUMGE)

作者： Bonadies, F. Nordal, S. Gylland, A. S. Grimstad, G. Jostad, H. P. Cuomo, S. Cascini, L. Univ Salerno UNISA Salerno Italy Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol Trondheim Norway Norwegian Geotech Inst NGI Oslo Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9781315751825;9781138026872

the paper presents numerical analyses of downward progressive landslides in sensitive clays. First, a simple analogue block/spring model and a Finite Difference Method (FDM) are applied to a benchmark case to demonstrate the spatial-temporal evolution of progressive failure and to compare the two simplified methods. then, a Finite Element Method (FEM) approach is used aiming to simulate a quick clay slide in Smarod in Sweden in December 2006. An investigation committee concluded that the slide was triggered by the construction of an embankment overloading the upper part of the slope. the slide then progressively developed 200 meter downslope. the constitutive model "NGI_ADPsoft" is used in order to incorporate the anisotropic strain hardening/softening behaviour of the sensitive clay. A regularization method is implemented in order to remediate mesh dependency. the method involves non-local strains controlling the shear band thickness through an internal length. the FEM analysis of the Smarod slide demonstrates how a local failure is first developing under the embankment before the failure mechanism is seen to gradually progress downslope, finally covering the area that actually failed in 2006.

关键词： Landslides

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CODE VERIFICATION OF A PARTITIONED FSI ENVIRONMENT FOR WIND engineering APPLICATIONS USING thE MEthOD OF MANUFACTURED SOLUTIONS 11

CODE VERIFICATION OF A PARTITIONED FSI ENVIRONMENT FOR WIND ...

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11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM) / 5th european conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM) / 6th european conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD)

作者： Fisch, Rupert Franket, Joerg Wuechner, Roland Bletzinger, Kai-Uwe Tech Univ Munich Chair Struct Anal D-80333 Munich Germany VGU Hoa Phu Ward Binh Duong New City Binh Duong Prov Vietnam

ISBN: (纸本)9788494284472

this contribution presents an effective method to perform Code Verification of a partitioned software environment which is designed for Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) problems. the main focus lies on elastic membrane structures in an unsteady flow regime. Code Verification is a part of efforts to guarantee the code's correctness and to obtain finally predictive capability of the code [15]. the Method of Manufactured Solutions turned out to be an effective tool to perform Code Verification, especially for complex physics and partitioned approaches. the given examples provide a hierarchical benchmark suite for the reader to assess other codes, too. the given benchmarks deal with a fully coupled structural dynamics software Carat + + with the fluid software OpenFOAM (R). the Dirichlet-Neumann coupling is performed by the software Empire. the whole partitioned FSI environment is assessed to converge as intended. Especially the topic of non-matching grids at the common interface is assessed. Once the confidence in the general environment of the numerical wind tunnel is established, one will be able to discuss specific issues that surpass the limitations of the experimental wind tunnel.

关键词： code verification benchmarks method of manufactured solutions partitioned FSI non-matching grids

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