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numerical stability enhancement of modeling hyperelastic materials

Numerical stability enhancement of modeling hyperelastic mat...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Duong, M. Tuan Nguyen, N. Huynh Staat, Manfred Aachen University of Applied Sciences Heinrich-Mußmann-Str. 1 52428 Jülich Germany Hanoi University of Science and Technology No.1 Dai Co Viet Road Hanoi Viet Nam Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

Besides the capability of representing the material behavior of biological soft tissue accurately, constitutive equations must also ensure numerical stability in simulations. Biomechanical models of composite materials, such as arteries, ureter, intestine, etc., which combine an isotropic term and an anisotropic term, may generally show Strongly Directional Behavior (SDB). this can lead to unphysical response in numerical simulation known as "fibre rotation", [20]. However, based on mathematical reasoning and numerical analysis, a plausible argument in [16] proves that this unrealistic behavior is due to a large difference between the isotropic strain energy and the anisotropic strain energy, resulting in an illconditioned constitutive matrix. Furthermore, this paper shows that the SDB dominating over the isotropic behavior can, in general, cause unphysical responses along non-fibrous directions, which was proven for a Transversely Isotropic Model (TIM). Different from the solution developed in [20], this paper proposes a model implemented in a finite element program which can solve or alleviate the instability problem at large strains regardless of determining the histological structure of tissue. the proposed material model comprising a new strain energy component can mitigate some restrictions of mechanical response of the model in [7]. though it was mathematically formulated for dealing with the numerical problem, good performance is still achieved. Pure shear, biaxial tests, and additional tension tests were carried out to validate the proposed formulation and analyze the numerical problems comprehensively. the results show reasonable stability and convergence of the proposed model and its significant effect on the mechanical behavior at larger strains.

关键词： Strain energy

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Interaction between velocity potential and displacement in time-harmonic elasto-acoustic coupling: A numerical method with spectral elements and controllability approach

Interaction between velocity potential and displacement in t...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Mönkölä, Sanna FI-40014 Jyväskylä Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

In this paper, we apply a control algorithm and higher-order discretization methods for solving a time-harmonic elasto-acoustic problem. the scalar-valued Helmholtz equation models the propagation of acoustic waves and the vector-valued Navier-Cauchy equation concerns the propagation of waves in an elastic medium. these fundamental equations occur in a number of physical applications, such as acoustics, medical ultrasonics, and geophysics. We concentrate on the mathematical model expressing the interaction between velocity potential in the fluid domain and displacement in the structure domain. Traditionally, the complex-valued time-harmonic equations and low-order finite elements are used for solving the time-harmonic problems. this leads to large-scale indefinite systems, for which it is challenging to develop efficient iterative solution methods. Taking account of these difficulties, we turn to time-dependent equations. It is known that time-dependent equations can be simulated with respect to time until a time-harmonic solution is reached, but the approach suffers from poor convergence. thus, we accelerate the convergence rate by employing the exact controllability method. the problem is formulated as a least-squares optimization problem, which is solved with the conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm. Computation of the gradient of the functional is done directly for the discretized problem. A graph-based multigrid method is used for preconditioning the CG algorithm.

关键词： Fluid structure interaction

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Analysis of the clinical performance of an aortic BMHV by numerical simulation

Analysis of the clinical performance of an aortic BMHV by nu...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Annerel, S. Taelman, L. Bols, J. Claessens, T. Degroote, J. Segers, P. Verdonck, P. Vierendeels, J. Ghent University Department of Flow Heat and Combustion Mechanics Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B-9000 Ghent Belgium Ghent University IBiTech-bioMMeda De Pintelaan 185 B-9000 Ghent Belgium University College Ghent BioMech. Department of Mechanics Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1 B-9000 Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

In the past 60 years, the replacement of the aortic valve by a prosthesis has become a routine treatment for severe aortic valve failure. Several valve prostheses have been developed of which the bileaflet mechanical heart valves (BMHVs) are widely preferred. However, current BMHVs still induce thromboembolism, among other undesired side effects, which is believed to be due to non-physiological flow generated by the leaflets. Insights into the dynamics of a BMHV can be provided by numerical methods. In this study, the dynamics of the BMHV are calculated by a strong fluid-structure interaction (FSI) coupling algorithm and the aortic BMHV is simulated under realistic, patient-specific boundary conditions. Upstream of the valve, a model of the left ventricle is constructed. the geometry downstream of the valve consists of a patient-specific aorta with patient-specific flow rates and physiological pressure profiles at its endings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first 3D numerical simulation of an aortic BMHV that combines upstream and downstream anatomical boundary conditions with a strongly coupled solution of the valve leaflet movement. the results give insights into realistic flow fields and leaflet kinematics. Clinical performance parameters are calculated, such as the amount of back flow and the drop in flow potential energy.

关键词： Shear stress

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numerical and experimental studies on segregation patterns in granular flow from two hoppers

Numerical and experimental studies on segregation patterns i...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Seil, Philippe Gómez, Jaione Ortega Pirker, Stefan Kloss, Christoph CD Laboratory on Particulate Flow Modelling JKU Linz Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria Institut für Windenergiesysteme Leibnitz Universität Hannover Appelstr. 9A 30167 Hannover Germany Insitite of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer JKU Linz Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria DCS Computing GmbH Altenbergerst. 66a 4040 Linz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

Segregation frequently occurs in polydisperse granular flow. Here, flow from two hoppers containing differently-sized spheres is analyzed both experimentally and by simulations using the discrete element method (DEM). Particles are discharged from the hoppers and diverted by chutes, then the two particle strands collide and finally form a mixed bed on the bottom of the facility. First, the method is verified by comparing experiments to simulations. there, it is found that the segregation patterns agree reasonably well. then, parameter studies on segregation in the bed with varying density, radius and mass of the particles are presented. the results show a clear trend for heavier particles to concentrate in the center of the domain and to push the lighter particles towards the sides. this behaviour is also consistent with the experiments.

关键词： Hoppers

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numerical simulation of stable fatigue crack growth rate using a cohesive zone model

Numerical simulation of stable fatigue crack growth rate usi...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Silitonga, S. Maljaars, J. Soetens, F. Snijder, H.H. Mekelweg 2 2628CD Delft Netherlands TNO Van Mourik Broekmanweg 6 2628XE Delft Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology Department of the Built Environment Den Dolech 2 5612AZ Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

Predicting the remaining fatigue life of a structure with crack(s) is generally conducted by the fracture mechanics method. this method is aimed at predicting the crack growth and final fracture due to fluctuating loads. the crack growth curve required for these calculations is constructed on the basis of experiments. However, obtaining these experimental data is a time consuming and costly process. In this work, a numerical method is pursued to simulate the steady crack growth using a cohesive zone model. the cohesive zone model is used to simulate crack propagation under cyclic loading by introducing a damage mechanism into the cohesive zone. Crack propagation is represented by fully damaged cohesive element(s). the damaged elements are identified by diminished cohesive strength. Based on this cohesive zone model, finite element models of a single edge notched specimen subjected to cyclic loading are developed. the cohesive surfaces are placed in front of the cracktip along a predefined crack path. the simulation is performed in the finite element code Abaqus and the cohesive elements' behavior is implemented through the user element subroutine UEL. the model is able to reproduce the steady crack growth (Paris law) region with a few parameters obtained from fairly simple tensile and fracture tests.

关键词： Fatigue crack propagation

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numerical modelling of interacting structures using a single mesh multivelocity strategy

Numerical modelling of interacting structures using a single...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Folzan, G. Le Tallec, P. Perlat, J.-P. Laboratoire de Mecanique des Solides Ecole Polytechnique UMR7649 F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex France CEA DAM DIF F-91297 Arpajon France

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

Many simulations in fluid structure interactions, multiphase flows or in dynamic impact problems involve independent substructures interacting through complex interfaces. For such problems, standard strategies often use a Lagrangian approach using one finite element mesh per substructure. An alternative is to use an Eulerian strategy describing the different substructures on a single grid using a single average velocity field. these models are usually quite crude on the interface physics. In this context, there is a renewed interest in models which will use a single global smooth mesh, not matching the substructures, and independent finite element velocity fields to describe the motion of the substructures. this strategy is attractive but faces difficult challenges: interface tracking, adequate ALE formulations, proper stable treatment of the kinematic continuity constraint. this paper will propose an original strategy which combines multiple velocity fields defined on a single mesh with discontinuous interface reconstruction and conservative projection of the kinetic variables within the ALE convective step.

关键词： Lagrange multipliers

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numerical modeling of a 3 point bending test of a reinforced concrete beam using a second gradient theory

Numerical modeling of a 3 point bending test of a reinforced...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Jouan, G. Kotronis, P. Collin, F. 1 Rue de la Noë F-44321 Nantes France Département Argenco Université de Liège Institut de Mécanique et Génie Civil 1 Chemin des chevreuils B-4000 Liège 1 Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

Being a quasi-brittle material, concrete exhibits a strain softening behavior that cannot be reproduced with classical continuum mechanics models. To regularize the problem, an internal length should be introduced. Several ways to do so have been proposed in the literature. One way is the so called local second gradient model. It is a local theory as it introduces the internal length by enriching the kinematical description of the continuum adding higher order gradients of the displacement according to the work of Cosserat [8], Toupin [18], Mindlin [19] and Germain [9,10]. the model has been developed by Chambon et al. [11,12] and has this far been used mainly to reproduce the behavior of soils. It is here applied for the first time to a reinforced concrete beam subjected to a 3 point bending test.

关键词： Reinforced concrete

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Coupled boundary optimal control problems in thermal fluid dynamics with lifting function approach and Vanka-type solvers

Coupled boundary optimal control problems in thermal fluid d...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Bornia, Giorgio Manservisi, Sandro University of Bologna Laboratory of Nuclear Engineering of Montecuccolino Via dei Colli 16 40136 Bologna Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

this paper deals with boundary optimal control problems for the temperature and Navier-Stokes equations, where we propose to transform a boundary optimal control problem into a distributed problem through the lifting function approach of nonhomogeneous boundary conditions. the lifting function approach defines controls in the function spaces which are naturally associated to the volume variables, without stronger regularity requirements. For strong and robust optimization the state-adjoint system must be solved in a coupled way. To this purpose, we propose the use of domain decomposition Vanka-type solvers. With this type of solvers the problem is split into small blocks of finite element subdomains with a small number of degrees of freedom, so that an optimal solution is computed by solving the fully coupled state-adjoint system on each subdomain. We present a numerical study of a class of optimal control problems where temperature is the observed quantity and the control quantity corresponds to the boundary values of the fluid temperature in a portion of the boundary. the control region for the observed quantity is a part of the domain where it is interesting to match a desired temperature value. In a multi-physics framework the desired temperature matching can be achieved by the contribution of different physical mechanisms, involving not only boundary temperature control but also boundary velocity, the overall effect of which is studied. We consider a classical finite element method for the numerical discretization of such problems and we illustrate the results of some test cases for the state, adjoint and control solution, in order to show that candidate boundary controls can be computed in an effective manner.

关键词： Multiphysics

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Comparison of constitutive soil models for the simulation of dynamic roller compaction

Comparison of constitutive soil models for the simulation of...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Pistrol, Johannes Falkner, Franz-Josef Adam, Dietmar Adam, Christoph Institute of Geotechnics Center of Ground Engineering Soil and Rock Mechanics Vienna University of Technology Karlsplatz 13/220/2 1040 Vienna Austria Unit of Applied Mechanics University of Innsbruck Technikerstr. 13 6020 Innsbruck Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

Realistic modeling of dynamic roller soil compaction requires the consideration of various sources of nonlinearities. An appropriate contact formulation is necessary to model the interaction between soil and roller. Moving of the roller results in large rigid body motions, which should be taken into account in numerical simulations. Furthermore, a nonlinear constitutive law should describe roller induced soil compaction. In the presented study two different rate-independent elasto-plastic constitutive laws for soil are evaluated on their ability to predict the natural behavior of soil subjected to dynamic loading of a moving roller. One of the constitutive laws is the Mohr-Coulomb criterion, where the evolution of plastic strains is modeled by means of a non-associated flow rule. According to the implemented smooth flow potential the volumetric plastic strains increase in case of yielding. the second constitutitive model tested is based on the Drucker-Prager yield surface, which describes shear failure, however, extended by a cap to consider also failure in compression. To each of both yield surfaces a different flow potential of elliptic shape is assigned to account for the evolution of volumetric plastic strains.

关键词： Soils

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numerical simulation of blood flows in the aorta with aortic valves by virtual flux method

Numerical simulation of blood flows in the aorta with aortic...

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6th european Congress on Computational methods in Applied Sciences and engineering, ECCOMAS 2012

作者： Fukui, T. Morinishi, K. Department of Mechanical and System Engineering Kyoto Institute of Technology Goshokaido-cho Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783950353709

the heart pumps blood throughout the body efficiently owing to the heart valves operation. Sinus of Valsalva, which is located on the beginning of aorta, is considered to affect the aortic valve movements. When blood ejects from the heart, vortices are observed within the sinus of Valsalva. this vortical motion has the advantage of preventing the valve leaflet from bulging outward to contact the walls of the sinuses. Moreover, since the sinus of Valsalva lies on the beginning of coronary arteries, vortices within the sinus could affect the flow rate into the coronary arteries. It is therefore important to investigate the vortices within the sinus of Valsalva quantitatively to clarify the mechanism of aortic valve movements. In this study, we apply the virtual flux method (VFM), which is a tool to describe stationary or moving body shapes, to the 2D aortic valves and reproduce the blood flow fields around the aortic valves and the sinus of Valsalva, and estimate the WSS distribution on the valve and sinus wall to consider the atherosclerosis generation. As a result, we found that the WSS on the LV-facing surface is larger than that on the aortic-facing surface, and the WSS on the distal end wall of the sinus of Valsalva is higher due to vortices generation.

关键词： Vortex flow

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