Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consist of spatially distributed nodes that monitor physical conditions. In the past, most WSNs have been designed with a single specific application in mind. Recent developments however...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424433742
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consist of spatially distributed nodes that monitor physical conditions. In the past, most WSNs have been designed with a single specific application in mind. Recent developments however are expanding the applicability of WSNs and are increasing the demand for deploying multiple applications simultaneously. To host multiple applications in a single WSN, current solutions provide mechanisms for components to be dynamically deployed to nodes. However, two issues make the present form of dynamic deployment impractical for applications involving distributed collaboration and the redeployment of multiple distributed components. For one, existing works lack a suitable architecture for cooperation and interaction between components in WSNs. Another problematic aspect is the insufficiency of current methods in efficiently deploying multiple components throughout the network. To address these issues, we propose an architecture based on multiple components that have specific responsibilities in regard to deployment and a generative approach for dynamic deployment of such components.
Recent progress in MEMS technology and miniaturization together with low power radio solutions have enabled new concepts of wireless sensor devices and applications. In this article, we present a wireless sensor syste...
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Event detection plays an important role in wireless sensor network (WSN) applications such as battlefield surveillance and habitat monitoring. However, effective approaches for specifying events in a sensor network re...
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this demo presents a mobile wireless sensor system for debris flow monitoring. the objective of this system is to realize long-term and effective debris flow surveillance using low cost wireless sensors. In the system...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424451135
this demo presents a mobile wireless sensor system for debris flow monitoring. the objective of this system is to realize long-term and effective debris flow surveillance using low cost wireless sensors. In the system, a set of robust wireless sensors are designed to deploy on riverbed and cooperatively observe the moving debris flows. Our mobile sensors are intended to be carried along by the debris flow. As the sensors move along, they are able to measure the internal parameters, such as vibration frequency, amplitude, moving direction and velocity, of the debris flow. By utilizing the proposed energy-saving mechanism on the WSN platform, the mobile sensors can continuously operate up to six months with merely two alkaline D cell batteries. the proposed system provides the abilities to collect high-fidelity data for civil engineering applications to analyze and determine the occurrence of debris flows, as well as estimate the damage.
Withthe increasing concerns for the traditional energy shortage and environment issues, distributed generation (DG) systems based on renewable energy sources (RES) have experienced a fast development in recent years....
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424435562
Withthe increasing concerns for the traditional energy shortage and environment issues, distributed generation (DG) systems based on renewable energy sources (RES) have experienced a fast development in recent years. With more DC units being integrated into the power system, a more recent concept, called microgrid, is developed by grouping a cluster of loads and parallel DC units in a local area. this paper addresses the issue of real and reactive power control for DC units in a low voltage (LV) microgrid during the autonomous islanding operation. the traditional method for power control in parallel DC systems is the frequency and voltage magnitude droop method, which is based on the assumption of a mainly inductive line impedance, and is subject to power control couplings when implemented in a IN microgrid, where the line resistance to reactance ratio (R/X) is high. It is also revealed in this paper that the traditional droop control can lead to stability concerns in a LV microgrid. To achieve accurate and decoupled real and reactive power control and at the same time, to improve the system stability, a virtual frequency-voltage frame control is proposed, where the original voltage and frequency frame is transformed to a virtual frame to realize a completely decoupled relationship between real and reactive power. Details of frame transformation control and small signal stability analysis are presented. Both simulation and experimental results are provided in this paper.
Clustering is a useful mechanism in wireless sensor networks that helps to cope with scalability problems and, if combined with in-network data aggregation, may increase the energy efficiency of the network. At the sa...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424451142
Clustering is a useful mechanism in wireless sensor networks that helps to cope with scalability problems and, if combined with in-network data aggregation, may increase the energy efficiency of the network. At the same time, by assigning a special role to the cluster head nodes, clustering makes the network more vulnerable to attacks. In particular, disabling a cluster head by physical destruction or jamming may render the entire cluster inoperable temporarily until the problem is detected and a new cluster head is elected. Hence, the cluster head nodes may be attractive targets of attacks, and one would like to make it difficult for an adversary to identify them. the adversary can try to identify the cluster head nodes in various ways, including the observation of the cluster head election process itself and the analysis of the traffic patterns after the termination of the cluster head election. In this paper we focus on the former problem, which we call the private cluster head election problem. this problem has been neglected so far, and as a consequence, existing cluster head election protocols leak too much information making the identification of the elected cluster head nodes easy even for a passive external observer We propose the first private cluster head election protocol for wireless sensor networks that is designed to hide the identity of the elected cluster head nodes from an adversary that can observe the execution of the protocol.
A control system to regulate the temperature of the micro hotplate in a MEMS gas sensor is presented. the controlelement, called micro hotplate, is comprised of a micro heater and a temperature sensor, both made with ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424446896
A control system to regulate the temperature of the micro hotplate in a MEMS gas sensor is presented. the controlelement, called micro hotplate, is comprised of a micro heater and a temperature sensor, both made with polysilicon, located near each other. this material has a Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (TCR) that is the basis for the design of the temperature controller of the gas sensor system. A high temperature between 250 and 400 ° C is needed to produce a chemical reaction between the gas and the sensing film, hence a reliable temperature control for the micro hotplate is desired. thermal insulation of the circuitry from the heating element, having a monolithic sensor system, and low power consumption, are the main specifications for the system. this is obtained by means of a micro pit realized with MEMS micromachining processes. the analysis of the circuit proposed to fulfill these characteristics is presented, for its future integration with a standard CMOS technology. A trade off is established between the sensor structure parameters and the circuit design.
We consider a system consisting of a set of mobile sensors. they are disseminated in a region of interest and their mobility is controlled (as opposed to mobility imposed by the entity on which they are embedded). A r...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642020841
We consider a system consisting of a set of mobile sensors. they are disseminated in a region of interest and their mobility is controlled (as opposed to mobility imposed by the entity on which they are embedded). A routing protocol in this context enables any point of the region to be reached starting from any node, regardless of the initial sensor deployment. this operation involves message forwarding and/or sensor motion. In this paper we present GRASP, a GReedy stAteless Routing Protocol for mobile wireless sensor networks (WSN). GRASP is simple and independent from the underlying communication model, but still provides results close to the optimal, with respect to the self-deployment of sensors over a given region. It ensures that (i) routing is always possible in a mobile WSN irrespective of the number of sensors, and (ii) above a given number of sensors in a considered zone the protocol eventually enables the routing to no longer require sensors to move, which yields to self-deployment. With GRASP, sensors autonomously reach a stable full coverage following geometrical patterns. this requires only 1.5 times the optimal number of sensors to cover a region. A theoretical analysis of convergence proves these properties. Simulation results matching the analysis are also presented.
In recent years, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has gained a lot of attention in both research and application fields. A fundamental goal of researches in WSNs is to reduce the communication operations and prolong th...
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Wireless sensor networks are evolving from relatively undemanding applications to applications which have stronger requirements. the coordination of distributed entities and events requires time synchronization. Altho...
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