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10th ieee international symposium on object and Component-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Wehrmeister, Marco A. Freitas, Edison P. Pereira, Carlos E. Wagner, Flavio R. Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Inst Informat BR-90046900 Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Dept Elect Engn BR-90046900 Porto Alegre RS Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780769527659

this work presents a proposal to use aspect orientation in the analysis and design of distributed Embedded real-time Systems (DERTS). these systems have several requirements directly related to their main characteristics, the so-called Non-Functional Requirements (NFR), which refer to orthogonal properties, conditions, and restrictions that are spread out over the entire system. Pure object-oriented methods do not address successfully those so called crosscutting concerns, so new technologies, like aspect orientation, are applied in order to fulfill this gap. the paper presents DERAF - distributed Embedded real-time Aspects Framework, an extensible and high-level framework (i.e. implementation-independent) to handle NFR of DERTS at earlier design stages. DERAF combines the use of aspects with RT-UML, aiming to separate the handling of non-functional from functional requirements in the Model Driven Design of DERTS. the paper presents the use of DERAF on a case study of an unmanned air vehicle (UAV).

关键词： Requirements engineering

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Towards a layered architecture for object-based execution in wide-area deeply embedded computing

Towards a layered architecture for object-based execution in...

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10th ieee international symposium on object and Component-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Abdelzaher, Tarek Cao, Qing Ganti, Raghu Henriksson, Dan Khan, Maifi Heo, Jin Huang, Chengdu Jayachandran, Praveen Le, Hieu Khac Luo, Liqian Tsai, Yu-En Univ Illinois Dept Comp Sci Urbana IL 61801 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769527659

Sensor networks introduce a new application domain and set of challenges in distributed computing including new network-level programming languages, global system abstractions, and general-purpose communication protocols. these challenges are brought about by the tight integration of computation, communication, and distributed real-time interaction with the physical world. With the growing interest in interconnecting different sensor networks across a wide-area communication infrastructure, an overarching challenge becomes one of arriving at an agreed-upon global sensor network architecture that ensures interoperability. Unlike the Internet, where a layered communication stack (namely, the TCP/IP stack) defines the network architecture, a sensor network architecture must unify not only communication interfaces but also programming interfaces, sit-ice network communication and computation functions are tightly intertwined. In that sense, the sensor network architecture refers to a layered stack of distributed computing abstractions. this paper presents an architecture and key considerations in designing and interconnecting local and global sensor networks. Candidate protocols and middleware instantiations are described from the authors' ongoing work that meet the discussed considerations.

关键词： Embedded systems

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A component-based methodology to design arbitrary failure detectors for distributed Protocols

A component-based methodology to design arbitrary failure de...

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10th ieee international symposium on object and Component-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Baldoni, Roberto Helary, Jean-Michel Piergiovanni, Sara Tucci Univ Roma La Sapienza Dip Informat & Sistemat Antonio Ruberti Rome Italy Univ Rennes F-35042 Rennes France

ISBN: (纸本)9780769527659

Nowadays, there are many protocols able to cope with process crashes, but, unfortunately, a process crash represents only a particular faulty behavior. Handling tougher failures (e.g. sending omission failures, receive omission failures, arbitrary failures) is a real practical challenge due to malicious attacks or unexpected software errors. this paper proposes a component-based methodology allowing to take a protocol A resilient to crash failures and to add software components, namely liveness and safety failure detectors, in order to adapt the protocol A to be resilient to more general failures than crashes, without changing the code of A.. then, the feasibility of this approach is shown, by providing an implementation of liveness failure detectors and of safer failure detectors for a protocol solving the problem of global data computation.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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On best-effort real-time assurances for recovering from distributable thread failures in distributed real-time systems

On best-effort real-time assurances for recovering from dist...

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10th ieee international symposium on object and Component-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Ravindran, Binoy Curley, Edward Anderson, Jonathan S. Jensen, E. Douglas Virginia Tech ECE Dept Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Mitre Corp Bedford MA 01730 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769527659

We consider the problem of recovering from failures of distributable threads in distributed real-time systems that operate tinder run-time uncertainties including those on thread execution times, thread arrivals, and node failure occurrences. When a thread encounters a node failure, it causes orphans. Under a termination model, the orphans must be detected and aborted, and exceptions must be delivered to farthest, contiguous surviving thread segment for resuming thread execution. Our application/scheduling model includes distributable threads and their exception handlers that are subject to time/utility function (TUF) time constraints and an utility accrual (UA) optimality criterion. A key underpinning of the TUF/UA scheduling paradigm is the notion of "best-effort" where high importance threads are always favored over low importance ones, irrespective of thread urgency. We present a scheduling algorithm called HUA and a thread integrity protocol called TPR. We show that HUA and TPR bound the orphan cleanup and recovery time with bounded loss of the best-effort property. Our implementation experience of HUA/TPR within Sun's distributed real-time Specification for Java demonstrates the algorithm/protocol's effectiveness.

关键词： real time systems

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Grid-based virtual laboratory experiments for a graduate course on sensor networks

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ieee TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION 2007年第1期50卷 17-26页

作者： Christou, Ioannis T. Efremidis, Sofoklis Tiropanis, thanassis Kalis, Antonis Athens Informat Technol Paiania 19002 Greece

this paper presents the pedagogical and technical challenges the authors faced in developing a distributed laboratory for the-execution of virtual scientific experiments (VSEs) superimposed on a Grid infrastructure, for a course on sensor networks that is part of the Master's in Information Networking (MSIN) program jointly offered by Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), USA and Athens Information Technology (AIT), Athens, Greece. the MSIN program utilizes virtual classroom technologies because of its strong distance learning component. Courses taught by CMU faculty are attended in real-time by students in Athens, Greece, via video-wall teleconferencing sessions. Vice versa, visiting CMU faculty to AIT teach classes that are attended by students at CMU. Students in both institutions enjoy full interactivity with their classmates on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. A distributed shared virtual laboratory is needed for, many of the more empirical courses. this paper describes the challenges and issues the authors faced in developing such a lab.

关键词： discrete-event simulation distributed computing learning systems

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real-time tasks scheduling with value control to predict timing faults during overload

Real-time tasks scheduling with <i>value</i> control to pred...

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10th ieee international symposium on object and Component-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Tres, Crineu Becker, Leandro Buss Nett, Edgar Univ Fed Santa Catarina Automat & Syst Dept Florianopolis SC Brazil Otto Von Guericke Univ Inst Distributed Syst IVS Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780769527659

Modern real-time applications are very dynamic and cannot cope with the use of worst case execution time to avoid overload situations. therefore scheduling algorithms that are able to prevent timing faults during overload are required. In this context, the value parameter has become useful to add generality and flexibility to such systems. In this paper we present the scheduling algorithm called DMB (Dynamic Misses Based), which is capable of dynamically changing tasks value in order to adjust their importance according to its timing faults rate. the main goal of DMB is to allow the prediction of timing faults during overloads and thereby support a dynamic tuning of tasks fault rate. It is used to enhance the features of the previously defined TAFT (time-Aware Fault-Tolerant) scheduler Obtained results show that DMB in conjunction with TAFT reached the most promising results during overloads, allowing to control tasks degradation in a graceful and determined way.

关键词： Scheduling

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An architecture to support dynamic service composition in distributed real-time systems

An architecture to support dynamic service composition in di...

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10th ieee international symposium on object and Component-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Estevez-Ayres, Iria Almeida, Luis Garcia-Valls, Marisol Basanta-Val, Pablo Univ Carlos III Madrid Dpto Ing Telemat Madrid Spain Univ Aveiro IEETA LSE DET P-3800 Aveiro Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9780769527659

Recently, new trends in application development for distributed platforms, such as the composable services model, attempt to provide more flexibility in system design, deployment and execution. Such trends, and particularly the referred composable services model, can also be beneficial in real-time distributed embedded systems, also providing a means to support more adaptive behaviors, reacting to the execution environment or coping with system. reconfiguration. this paper explores a relatively new direction, which is the extension of the service-based model to dynamic, i.e. at run-time, composition in real-time distributed environments, in order to support the level of flexibility and adaptibility referred above. the paper proposes an architecture to support such dynamic service composition that is based on the Flexible time Triggered communication paradigm (FTT). To achieve the desired goal, we also redefine the concepts of service and service-based application in the concept of the FTT paradigm. Finally, we show experimental results obtained with a prototype implementation of the proposed architecture that confirm its feasibility and good temporal behavior

关键词： Computer architecture

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Design and performance evaluation of configurable component middleware for end-to-end adaptation of distributed real-time embedded systems

Design and performance evaluation of configurable component ...

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10th ieee international symposium on object and Component-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Shankaran, Nishanth Schmidt, Douglas C. Koutsoukos, Xenofon D. Chen, Yingming Lu, Chenyang Vanderbilt Univ Dept EECS Nashville TN 37240 USA Washington Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn St Louis MO 63130 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769527659

Standards-based quality of service (QoS)-enabled Component middletvare is increasingly being used as a platform,for developing distributed real-time embedded (DRE) systems that execute in open environments where operational conditions, input workload, and resource availability cannot be characterized accurately a priori. Although QoS-enabled component middleware offers many desirable features, until recently it lacked the ability to efficiently allocate resources and configure platform-specific QoS settings based on utilization of system resources and application QoS. Moreover, it has also lacked the ability to monitor and enforce application QoS requirements. this paper presents two contributions to research on adaptive resource management for component-based DRE systems. First, we describe the structure and functionality of the Resource Allocation and Control Engine (RACE), which is an open-source adaptive resource management framework built atop standards-based QoS-enabled component iniddleware. Second, we demonstrate the effectiveness of RACE in the context of a representative DREsystem: NASA's Magnetospheric Multi-scale Mission system.

关键词： Middleware

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A unified Benchmarking process for components in automotive embedded systems software

A unified Benchmarking process for components in automotive ...

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10th ieee international symposium on object and Component-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Forster, Wolfgang Kutschera, Christof Schreiner, Dietmar Goeschka, Karl M. Vienna Univ Technol Inst Informat Syst Distributed Syst Grp Argentinierstr 8-184-1 A-1040 Vienna Austria Univ Appl Sci Technikum Vienna Dept Embedded Syst A-1200 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9780769527659

During the last years, component based software development has become a well accepted software engineering paradigm within the automotive industry. this fact is not only reflected by upcoming development tools but also by newly arising automotive software standards. In component based software engineering, applications are built by assembling small reusable building blocks, the components. Typically more than one component implementation meets the application developer's requirements, so proper selection of the assembled components becomes a key element of the whole procurement and engineering process. this paper's contribution is twofold: First, a basic set of performance and dependability metrics and measures for automotive components is identified. Second, a unified benchmarking process is proposed, that allows an unambiguous comparison of distinct component implementations of a given component class.

关键词： Embedded systems

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Aspect-oriented programing techniques to support distribution, fault tolerance, and load balancing in the CORBA LCcomponent model

Aspect-oriented programing techniques to support distributio...

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6th ieee international symposium on Network computing and Applications

作者： Sevilla, Diego Garcia, Jose M. Gomez, Antonio Univ Murcia Comp Engn E-30071 Murcia Spain Univ Murcia Informat & Commun Engn E-30071 Murcia Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780769529226

the design and implementation of distributed High Performance computing (HPC) applications is becoming harder as the scale and number of distributed resources and application is growing. Programming abstractions, libraries and frameworks are needed to better overcome that complexity. Moreover when Quality of Service (QoS) requirements such as load balancing, efficient resource usage and fault tolerance have to be met, the resulting code is harder to develop, maintain, and reuse, as the code for providing the QoS requirements gets normally mixed with the functionality code. Component Technology, on the other hand, allows a better modularity and reusability of applications and even a better support for the development of distributed applications, as those applications can be partitioned in terms of components installed and running (deployed) in the different hosts participating in the system. Components also have requirements in forms of the aforementioned non-junctional aspects. In our approach, the code for ensuring these aspects can be automatically generated based on the requirements stated by components and applications, thus leveraging the component implementer of having to deal with these non-functional aspects. In this paper we present the characteristics and the convenience of the generated code for dealing with load balancing, distribution, and fault-tolerance aspects in the context of CORBA-LC. CORBA-LC is a lightweight distributed reflective component model based on CORBA that imposes a peer network model in which the whole network acts as a repository for managing and assigning the whole set of resources: components, CPU cycles, memory, etc.

关键词： Common object request broker architecture (CORBA)

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