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检索条件"任意字段=6th IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing"

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A Unified Benchmarking Process for Components in Automotive Embedded Systems Software

A Unified Benchmarking Process for Components in Automotive ...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Wolfgang Forster Christof Kutschera Dietmar Schreiner Karl M. Goschka Institute of Information Systems Distributed Systems Group University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria Department of Embedded Systems University of Applied Sciences-Technikum Wien Vienna Austria

During the last years, component based software development has become a well accepted software engineering paradigm within the automotive industry. this fact is not only reflected by upcoming development tools but also by newly arising automotive software standards. In component based software engineering, applications are built by assembling small reusable building blocks, the components. Typically more than one component implementation meets the application developer's requirements, so proper selection of the assembled components becomes a key element of the whole procurement and engineering process. this paper's contribution is twofold: First, a basic set of performance and dependability metrics and measures for automotive components is identified. Second, a unified benchmarking process is proposed, that allows an unambiguous comparison of distinct component implementations of a given component class.

关键词： Automotive engineering Embedded system Embedded software Software systems Software engineering Application software Assembly Programming Computer industry Software standards

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On Dynamic Replication Strategies in Data Service Grids

On Dynamic Replication Strategies in Data Service Grids

引用

international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Xiaohua Dong Ji Li Zhongfu Wu Dacheng Zhang Jie Xu Chongqing University China University of Leeds UK

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531328

Service oriented architecture (SOA) allows multiple and heterogeneous data resources to be integrated within a single service while hiding the implementation details and formats of data resources from users of the service. However, data sources for a service are often distributed geographically and connected with long-latency networks; time and bandwidth consumption of data transportation may have an impact on the system performance. Dynamic data replication is a practical solution to this problem. By replicating data copies to appropriate sites, this approach aims to reduce time and bandwidth consumptions over networks. Existing strategies for dynamic replication are typically based on so-called single-location algorithms for identifying a single site for data replication. In this paper we discuss the issues with single-location strategies in large-scale data integration applications, and examine potential multiple-location schemes. Dynamic multiple-location replication is NP-complete in nature. We therefore transform the multiple-location problem into several classical mathematical problems with different parameter settings, for which efficient approximation algorithms exist. Experimental results indicate that unlike single-location strategies our multiple-location schemes are efficient with respect to access latency and bandwidth consumption, especially when the requesters of a data set are distributed over a large scale of locations.

关键词： Service oriented architecture Bandwidth Approximation algorithms Large-scale systems Transportation Large scale integration distributed computing System performance Delay Heuristic algorithms

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distributed and Managed: Research Challenges and Opportunities of the Next Generation Cyber-Physical Systems

Distributed and Managed: Research Challenges and Opportuniti...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Gabor Karsai Daniel Balasubramanian Abhishek Dubey William R. Otte Institute for Software-Integrated Systems Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

Cyber-physical systems increasingly rely on distributed computing platforms where sensing, computing, actuation, and communication resources are shared by a multitude of applications. Such 'cyber-physical cloud computing platforms' present novel challenges because the system is built from mobile embedded devices, is inherently distributed, and typically suffers from highly fluctuating connectivity among the modules. Architecting software for these systems raises many challenges not present in traditional cloud computing. Effective management of constrained resources and application isolation without adversely affecting performance are necessary. Autonomous fault management and real-time performance requirements must be met in a verifiable manner. It is also both critical and challenging to support multiple end-users whose diverse software applications have changing demands for computational and communication resources, while operating on different levels and in separate domains of security. the solution presented in this paper is based on a layered architecture consisting of a novel operating system, a middleware layer, and component-structured applications. the component model facilitates the construction of software applications from modular and reusable components that are deployed in the distributed system and interact only through well-defined mechanisms. the complexity of creating applications and performing system integration is mitigated through the use of a domain-specific model-driven development process that relies on a domain-specific modeling language and its accompanying graphical modeling tools, software generators for synthesizing infrastructure code, and the extensive use of model-based analysis for verification and validation.

关键词： Kernel Unified modeling language Security real-time systems Computational modeling Computer architecture

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AMoDE-RT: Advancing Model-Driven Engineering for embedded real-time systems

AMoDE-RT: Advancing Model-Driven Engineering for embedded re...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Marco A. Wehrmeister Gian R. Berkenbrock Informatics Department Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR) Curitiba Brazil

To cope with the increasing design complexity of modern embedded real-time systems, Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) techniques are being proposed and applied within the domain of embedded and real-time systems. this paper discusses a design approach that combines MDE and concepts of the Aspect-oriented Software Development (AOSD) to deal with functional and non-functional requirements in a modularized way using higher abstraction levels. this approach covers activities from requirements engineering to the implementation phases, allowing early verification and simulation of system specifications. the proposed MDE approach is supported by a set of CASE tools. A configurable tool for code generation is capable of creating source code for different target platforms from the models produced in earlier design phases. Besides generating code for functional requirements handling, the tool also weaves aspects' adaptations, which modify the generated code to handle non-functional requirements. Furthermore, a tool to execute automatically a set of test cases is used to simulate and exercise the system behavior already in the specification and modeling phase. this tools allows engineers to verify if the system model is being specified according to the requirements, identifying whether the functional requirements are being fulfilled. the proposed approach has been successfully applied to the development of embedded real-time systems for different real-world applications. Obtained results show an improvement concerning the modularization of system's requirements handling, leading to an increased reuse of previously created artifacts.

关键词： Unified modeling language Adaptation models real-time systems object oriented modeling Weaving Complexity theory Computational modeling

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An Optimized Compilation of UML State Machines

An Optimized Compilation of UML State Machines

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Asma Charfi Chokri Mraidha Pierre Boulet LIST Laboratory of model driven engineering for embedded systems CEA Gif-sur-Yvette France Sciences et Technologies Cité scientifique Université Lille Villeneuve d'Ascq France

Due to the definition of fUML (Foundational Subset for Executable UML Models) along with its action language Alf (Action Language for fUML), UML (Unified Modeling Language) allows the production of executable models on which early verification and validation activities can be conducted. Despite this effort of standardization and the large use of UML in industry, developers still hand tune the code generated from models to correct, enhance or optimize it. this results in a gap between the model and the generated code. Manual code tuning except from being error prone can invalidate all the analysis and validations already done in the model. To avoid the code hand tuning drawbacks and, since UML is becoming an executable language, we propose a new Model Based Development (MBD) approach that skips the code generation step by compiling directly UML models. the biggest challenge for this approach - tackled in this paper is to propose a model compiler that is more efficient than a code compiler for UML models. Our model compiler performs optimizations that code compilers are unable to perform resulting in a more compact assembly code.

关键词： Unified modeling language Optimization Assembly Semantics object oriented modeling Switches

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VIS Analyzer: A Visual Assistant for VIS Verification and Analysis

VIS Analyzer: A Visual Assistant for VIS Verification and An...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Sehun Jeong Junbeom Yoo Sungdeok Cha College of Info. and Comm. Korea University Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781424470839;9780769540375

Formal verification plays an important role in demonstrating the quality of safety-critical systems such as nuclear power plants. We have used the VIS verification system to determine behavioral equivalence between two successive revisions in developing the KNICS RPS (Reactor Protection System) in Korea. the VIS accepts a high-level programming language Verilog as input, and its verification results contain valuable information about one reason of the failure. However the VIS offers no graphical interface, and partially displays relevant information necessary to understand the full verification scenario accurately. Many nuclear engineers and verification experts found the information insufficient, and it makes hard to the wide use of the VIS verification system in industry. this paper proposes the VIS Analyzer, a visual assistant for VIS verification and analysis, which can help nuclear engineers take full benefits of VIS without being overwhelmed by incomplete and low-level details. the VIS Analyzer automates the VIS verification processes such as equivalence checking and model checking, and displays the verification results in visual formats. We used a recent case study introduced in to demonstrate its effectiveness and usefulness.

关键词： Hardware design languages Formal verification Educational institutions Displays Computational modeling Computer languages Software safety distributed computing Power generation Inductors

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Towards a Rigorous Modeling Formalism for Systems of Systems

Towards a Rigorous Modeling Formalism for Systems of Systems

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ieee international symposium on object/Component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing Workshops (ISORCW)

作者： Tayfun Gezgin Christoph Etzien Stefan Henkler Achim Rettberg Institute for Information Technology (OFFIS) Oldenburg Germany Carl von Ossietzky University슠of슠Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany

the scope of this paper is collaborative, distributed safety critical systems which build up a larger scale system of systems (SoS). Systems participating in an SoS follow both global as well as individual goals, which may be contradicting. Both the global and local goals of the overall SoS may change over time. Hence, self-adaptive ness, i.e., reconfiguration of the SoS as a reaction on changes within its context is a major characteristic of this systems. the aim of this paper is to describe first steps towards a modeling formalism for SoS in a safety critical context. the challenge is to address on the one hand the required flexibility to adapt the system during run-time and on the other hand to guarantee that the system reacts still in a safe manner. To address these challenges, we propose an approach which guarantees that the system still reacts in a safe manner while adaption to uncertainty including context changes. this adaption has to be assumed as unsafe during design time. the key for having success is to define the interaction between the systems as well as its goals as basic elements of the design. Based on our former work, we propose a well-defined modeling approach for the interaction based on components as basic structural elements, the contract paradigm for the design of the interaction, and graph transformations, which addresses the adaptivity of system of systems. the component model is additionally explicitly enriched by goals, which supports so called evaluation functions to determine the level of target achievement.

关键词： Fires Adaptation models Context Protocols real time systems Unified modeling language object oriented modeling

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Online Behavior Classification for Anomaly Detection in Self-X real-time Systems

Online Behavior Classification for Anomaly Detection in Self...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Franz Rammig Katharina Stahl Design of Distributed Embedded Systems Research Group University of Paderborn Paderbom Germany

Autonomous adaptation in self-adapting embedded real-time systems introduces novel risks as it may lead to unforeseen system behavior. An anomaly detection framework integrated in a real-time operating system can ease the identification of such suspicious novel behavior and, thereby, offers the potential to enhance the reliability of the considered self-x system. However, anomaly detection is based on knowledge about normal behavior. When dealing with self-reconfiguring applications, normal behavior changes so that the knowledge base requires adaptation or even (re-)construction at runtime. the stringent restrictions of real-time systems in terms of runtime and memory consumption assign this task to be a really challenging problem. In this paper, we present our idea for online construction of application behavior knowledge that does not rely on any training phase. the applications' behavior is defined by the application's system call invocations. For the knowledge base, we exploit Suffix Trees as they offer potentials to represent application behavior patterns and their associated information in a compact manner. We apply the online algorithm provided by Suffix Trees as a basis to construct the knowledge base with low computational effort. However, we integrate anomaly detection and classification into the online construction method. We ensure thereby that new behavioral patterns do not unconditionally update the behavior knowledge base, but beforehand, have been evaluated in a context-related manner inspired by Danger theory, a special discipline of Artificial Immune Systems.

关键词： Knowledge based systems real-time systems Operating systems Runtime Context Memory management Training

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F6COM: A component model for resource-constrained and dynamic space-based computing environments

F6COM: A component model for resource-constrained and dynami...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： William R. Otte Abhishek Dubey Subhav Pradhan Prithviraj Patil Aniruddha Gokhale Gabor Karsai Johnny Willemsen ISIS Dept of EECS Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Remedy IT Berkel en Rodenrijs The Netherlands

Component-based programming models are well-suited to the design of large-scale, distributed applications because of the ease with which distributed functionality can be developed, deployed, and validated using the models' compositional properties. Existing component models supported by standardized technologies, such as the OMG's CORBA Component Model (CCM), however, incur a number of limitations in the context of cyber physical systems (CPS) that operate in highly dynamic, resource-constrained, and uncertain environments, such as space environments, yet require multiple quality of service (QoS) assurances, such as timeliness, reliability, and security. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents the design of a novel component model called F6COM that is developed for applications operating in the context of a cluster of fractionated spacecraft. Although F6COM leverages the compositional capabilities and port abstractions of existing component models, it provides several new features. Specifically, F6COM abstracts the component operations as tasks, which are scheduled sequentially based on a specified scheduling policy. the infrastructure ensures that at any time at most one task of a component can be active - eliminating race conditions and deadlocks without requiring complicated and error-prone synchronization logic to be written by the component developer. these tasks can be initiated due to (a) interactions with other components, (b) expiration of timers, both sporadic and periodic, and (c) interactions with input/output devices. Interactions with other components are facilitated by ports. To ensure secure information flows, every port of an F6COM component is associated with a security label such that all interactions are executed within a security context. thus, all component interactions can be subjected to Mandatory Access Control checks by a Trusted computing Base that facilitates the interactions. Finally, F6COM provides capabilities to monitor tas

关键词： Ports (Computers) Computational modeling Connectors Space vehicles Software real-time systems Message systems

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Finding a Steady State Point for Fixed Priority Independent Periodic real-time Tasks with Arbitrary Given Release Offsets

Finding a Steady State Point for Fixed Priority Independent ...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Yue Qin Xingliang Zou Albert M. K. Cheng Yu Jiang School of Computer Science and Technology Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang China Department of Computer Science University of Houston Houston TX USA University of Houston Houston TX US

ISBN: (纸本)9781538615751

Minimal schedulability interval is one of the important considerations of both research motivation and practice stage. In this paper, we investigate the problem of finding a starting time point of the minimal schedulability interval for fixed priority independent periodic real-time preemptive tasks with arbitrary given release offsets (phasing). A linked list-based method is proposed for solving the problem. Each node in the linked list represents a pending-less busy period. Analysis and experimental results show that the linked list-based method outperforms the current best acyclic-idle-slot-based one.

关键词： Steady-state Schedules real-time systems Computer science Electronic mail Silicon distributed computing

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