作者:
Anta, JavierUniv Barcelona
Dept Log Hist & Filosofia Ciencia C Montalegre 6-84 FloorOff 4013 Barcelona 08001 Spain
throughout the history of the philosophy of science, theories have been linked to formulas as a privileged representational format. In this paper, following [8], I defend a semantic-representational conception of theo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783030860622;9783030860615
throughout the history of the philosophy of science, theories have been linked to formulas as a privileged representational format. In this paper, following [8], I defend a semantic-representational conception of theories, where theories are identified with sets of scientific re-presentations by virtue of their epistemic potential and independently of their format. To show the potential of this proposal, I analyze as a case study the use of phase diagrams in statistical mechanics to convey in a semantically consistent and syntactically correct way theoretical principles such as Liouville's theorem. I conclude by defending this philosophical position as a tool to show the enormous representational richness underlying scientific practices.
the standard attitude to Euclid's diagrams is focused on assumptions hidden behind intersecting lines. We adopt an alternative perspective and study the diagrams in terms of a balance between the visual and theore...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783030542498;9783030542481
the standard attitude to Euclid's diagrams is focused on assumptions hidden behind intersecting lines. We adopt an alternative perspective and study the diagrams in terms of a balance between the visual and theoretical components involved in a proposition. We consider theoretical components to consist of definitions, Postulates, Common Notions, and references to previous propositions. the residuum makes the visual part of the proof. through analysis of propositions I.6, I.13, and II.1-4, we show that such residuum actually exists. We argue that it is related to a primitive lesser-greater relation between figures, or an undefined relation of the concatenation of figures. We also identify a tendency in the Elements to eliminate visual aspects in order to achieve generality founded on theoretical grounds alone. Our analysis spans between two versions of the Pythagorean theorem, i.e., I.47 and VI.31. We study the diagrams in Books I through VI in terms of how visual elements are being replaced in favor of theoretical components. that process is crowned by proposition VI.31. None of its parts build on the accompanying diagram. Moreover, it concerns objects that are not represented on the diagram at all. In fact, this pattern applies to most propositions of Book VI. therefore, we treat VI.31 as a model example of Euclidean methodology, not as an exception.
Information tables are often used for decision making. this study considers multi-attribute table designs from a diagrammatic perspective. We used two experiments to show how the decision-making strategies and perform...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783030542498;9783030542481
Information tables are often used for decision making. this study considers multi-attribute table designs from a diagrammatic perspective. We used two experiments to show how the decision-making strategies and performance are changed based on table design changes, using the eye-tracking method. We employed a multi-attribute catalog table with alternatives presented along the horizontal axis and attributes along the vertical axis in Experiment 1 and the opposite layout in Experiment 2. In each experiment, we used four different types of representations of the attribute values, and these values were restricted to two levels for comparison with previous works. the four types used were: (i) numerical representations, (ii) textual representations, (iii) black-and-white representations with black representing better values, and (iv) black-and-while representations with white representing better values. Our results suggest, among others, that (1) placing the alternatives along the vertical axis makes the table easier to decide in comparison to the opposite layout, and that (2) the two-stage decision strategy is taken with numerical representations and textual representations, while a single stage strategy is taken withthe black-and-white representations. We also showed how the graphic black-and-white representations made decision-making easier, and how the order changes of alternatives and of attributes of a table influenced decision makers' decision.
the paper outlines the advantages and limits of the so-called 'Calculus CL' in the field of ontology engineering and automated theorem proving. CL is a diagram type that combines features of tree, Euler-type, ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319913766;9783319913759
the paper outlines the advantages and limits of the so-called 'Calculus CL' in the field of ontology engineering and automated theorem proving. CL is a diagram type that combines features of tree, Euler-type, Venn-type diagrams and squares of opposition. Due to the simple taxonomical structures and intuitive rules of CL, it is easy to edit ontologies and to prove inferences.
this paper presents a comprehensive representation for video analysis combining qualitative reasoning withdiagrammatic reasoning. the hybrid approach is motivated by the power of diagramsthat allows explicit relatio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319913766;9783319913759
this paper presents a comprehensive representation for video analysis combining qualitative reasoning withdiagrammatic reasoning. the hybrid approach is motivated by the power of diagramsthat allows explicit relational representation of entities involved. Perception of qualitative information over the underlying representation, employment of inter-diagrammatic reasoning approach and their combined relevance for temporal abstractions holds key to the analysis. Activity recognition over selected videos from J-HMDB dataset are performed and encouraging results are achieved.
the aim of this paper is to lay out the foundations of a typology of diagrams in linguistics. We draw a distinction between linguistic parameters - concerning what information is being represented - and diagrammatic p...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319913766;9783319913759
the aim of this paper is to lay out the foundations of a typology of diagrams in linguistics. We draw a distinction between linguistic parameters - concerning what information is being represented - and diagrammatic parameters - concerning how it is represented. the six binary linguistic parameters of the typology are: (i) mono-versus multilingual, (ii) static versus dynamic, (iii) mono-versus multimodular, (iv) object-level versus meta-level, (v) qualitative versus quantitative, and (vi) mono-versus interdisciplinary. the two diagrammatic parameters are (i) iconic/concrete versus symbolic/abstract representation and (ii) static versus dynamic representation. We briefly illustrate how different types of linguistic diagrams can be analysed in terms of the interaction between the linguistic and the diagrammatic parameters.
We present a class of diagrams in which to reason about causation. these diagrams are based on a formal semantics called 'system semantics', in which states of systems are related according to temporal success...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319913766;9783319913759
We present a class of diagrams in which to reason about causation. these diagrams are based on a formal semantics called 'system semantics', in which states of systems are related according to temporal succession. Arguing from straightforward examples, we provide the truth conditions for causal claims that one may make about these diagrams.
In this study I aim to develop a cognitive evaluation of how semantically-driven and rule-based diagrammatic reasoning were psychologically plausible for particular cases of scientific practice: an actual trackless pa...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319913766;9783319913759
In this study I aim to develop a cognitive evaluation of how semantically-driven and rule-based diagrammatic reasoning were psychologically plausible for particular cases of scientific practice: an actual trackless path reconstruction in bubble chamber experiments, as reported by Galison (1997). I will propose "cognitive imagery projection and manipulation" (CIPM) as the most plausible psychological (perceptual/attentional/cognitive) mechanism matching the specific explanatory requirements for the case study, outlining the most significant current theories about this mental phenomenon (Shimojima 2011).
diagrams are frequently used in mathematics, not only in geometry but also in many other branches such as analysis or graph theory. However, the distinctive cognitive and methodological characteristics of mathematical...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319913766;9783319913759
diagrams are frequently used in mathematics, not only in geometry but also in many other branches such as analysis or graph theory. However, the distinctive cognitive and methodological characteristics of mathematical practice withdiagrams, as well as mathematical knowledge acquired using diagrams, raise some philosophical issues - in particular, issues that relate to the empiricism-realism debate in the philosophy of mathematics. On the one hand, it has namely been argued that some aspects of diagrammatic reasoning are at odds withthe often assumed a priori nature of mathematical knowledge and with other aspects of the realist position in philosophy of mathematics. On the other hand, one can claim that diagrammatic reasoning is consistent withthe realist epistemology of mathematics. Both approaches will be analyzed, referring to the use of diagrams in geometry as well as in other branches of mathematics.
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