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检索条件"任意字段=6th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics"

共 2793 条记录，以下是2441-2450 订阅

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Useful computer vision techniques for a robotic head

Useful computer vision techniques for a robotic head

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4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics

作者： Deniz, O. Castrillon, M. Lorenzo, J. Canalis, L. A. Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria Inst Univ Sistemas Inteligentes & Aplicac Numer I Las Palmas Gran Canaria 35017 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9789728865832

this paper describes some simple but useful computer vision techniques for human-robot interaction. First, an omnidirectional camera setting is described that can detect people in the surroundings of the robot, giving their angular positions and a rough estimate of the distance. the device can be easily built with inexpensive components. Second, we comment on a color-based face detection technique that can alleviate skin-color false positives. third, a person tracking and recognition system is described. Finally, a simple head nod and shake detector is described, suitable for detecting affirmative/negative, approval/disapproval, understanding/disbelief head gestures.

关键词： social robotics sociable robot person detection omnidirectional vision

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Hierarchical spline path planning method for complex environments

Hierarchical spline path planning method for complex environ...

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4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics

作者： Saska, Martin Hess, Martin Schilling, Klaus University of Wuerzburg Germany Informatics VII Robotics and Telematics Wuerzburg 97074 Am Hubland Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789728865832

Path planning and obstacle avoidance algorithms are requested for robots working in more and more complicated environments. Standard methods usually reduce these tasks to the search of a path composed from lines and circles or the planning is executed only with respect to a local neighborhood of the robot. Sophisticated techniques allow to find more natural trajectories for mobile robots, but applications are often limited to the offline case. the novel hierarchical method presented in this paper is able to find a long path in a huge environment with several thousand obstacles in real time. the solution, consisting of multiple cubic splines, is optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization with respect to execution time and safeness. the generated spline paths result in smooth trajectories which can be followed effectively by nonholonomic robots. the developed algorithm was intensively tested in various simulations and statistical results were used to determine crucial parameters. Qualities of the method were verified by comparing the method with a simple PSO path planning approach.

关键词： path planning mobile robots PSO spline path hierarchical approach

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Methodology for learning visual reactive behaviours in robotics through reinforcement and image-based states

Methodology for learning visual reactive behaviours in robot...

引用

4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics

作者： Quintia, Pablo Domenech, Jose E. Gamallo, Cristina Regueiro, Carlos V. Univ A Coruna Fac Informat La Coruna 15071 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9789728865832

this article describes the development of a methodology for the learning of visual and reactive behaviours using reinforcement learning. With the use of artificial vision the environment is perceived in 3D, and it is possible to avoid obstacles that are invisible to other sensors that are more common in mobile robotics. Reinforcement learning reduces the need for intervention in behaviour design, and simplifies its adjustment to the environment, the robot and the task. the designed methodology is intended to be general;thus, in order to change the desired behaviour, only the reinforcement and the filtering of the image need to be changed. For the definition of the reinforcement a laser sensor is used, and for the definition of the states a fixed 3x3 grid is used. the behaviours learned were wall following, object following, corridor following and platform following. Results are presented with a Pioneer 2 AT. A Gazebo 3D simulator was used for the Learning and testing phase, and a test of the wall following behaviour was carried out in a real environment.

关键词： reinforcement learning mobile robotics artificial vision visual reactive behaviours motivation

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Improved occupancy grid learning - the ConForM approach to occupancy grid mapping

Improved occupancy grid learning - The ConForM approach to o...

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4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics

作者： Collins, thomas Collins, J. J. Ryan, Conor Univ Limerick Dept Comp Sci & Informat Syst Limerick Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9789728865832

A central requirement for the development of robotic systems, that are capable of autonomous operation in non-specific environments, is the ability to create maps of their operating locale. the creation of these maps is a non trivial process as the robot has to interpret the findings of its sensors so as to make deductions regarding the state of its environment. Current approaches fall into two broad categories: on-line and offline. An on-line approach is characterised by its ability to construct a map as the robot traverses its operating environment, however this comes at the cost of representational clarity. An offline approach on the other hand requires all sensory data to be gathered before processing begins but is capable of creating more accurate maps. In this paper we present a new means of constructing occupancy grid maps which addresses this problem.

关键词： robotics occupancy grids machine learning artificial intelligence

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Obstacle detection in mobile outdoor robots -: A short-term memory for the mobile outdoor platform RAVON

Obstacle detection in mobile outdoor robots -: A short-term ...

引用

4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics

作者： Schaefer, H. Proetzsch, M. Berns, K. Univ Kaiserslautern Robot Res Lab D-67653 Kaiserslautern Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789728865832

In this paper a biologically inspired approach for compensating the limited angle of vision in obstacle detection systems of mobile robots is presented. Most of the time it is not feasible to exhaustively monitor the environment of a mobile robot. In order to nonetheless achieve safe navigation obstacle detection mechanisms need to keep in mind certain aspects of the environment. In mammals this task is carried out by the creature's short-term memory. Inspired by this concept an absolute local map storing obstacles in terms of representatives has been introduced in the obstacle detection and avoidance system of the outdoor robot RAVON. that way the gap between the fields of vision of two laser range finders can be monitored which prevents the vehicle from colliding with obstacles seen some time ago.

关键词： obstacle detection obstacle avoidance behaviour-based navigation mobile robotics short-term memory distributed minimal world model algorithms biologically inspired robotics

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Mathematical model for walking robot with shape memory alloy ankle

Mathematical model for walking robot with shape memory alloy...

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4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics

作者： Petrisor, Anca Bizdoaca, Nicu George Rosca, Daniela Degeratu, Sonia Rosca, Adrian Petrisor, Raducu Univ Craiova Fac Electromech Engn Craiova Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9789728865832

the paper presents a simultaneous force and length variation mode in shape memory alloy (SMA) robotic application. the robotic ankle contains four SMA actuators and a spherical articulation. In order to assure a high efficient robotic architecture, the mechanical and the control structure have to assure a real-time response to the work environment changes. the load variations or the difference between the moment of full contact step and the non contact moment for a waking robot are the standard situations for a SMA robotic ankle. the paper is divided in five sections. First section makes a short introduction in the physical description and conventional applications of shape memory alloy materials. then, are presented the mathematical model for robotic ankle, the walking robot geometrical structure and the causality ordering of the active pair of legs, in this case with one free joint. In the last section some experimental results are presented. these results were obtained by using MATLAB programs, conceived by authors, for design and simulation of walking robots control algorithms.

关键词： robotics shape memory alloy applications robotic ankle walking robot mathematical mode

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Initial development of HABLA (Hardware Abstraction Layer) -: A middleware software tool

Initial development of HABLA (Hardware Abstraction Layer) -:...

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4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics

作者： Faina, Andres Bellas, Francisco Duro, Richard J. Univ A Coruna Integrated Grp Engn Res Ferrol Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9789728865832

In this work we present the initial implementation of a middleware software tool called the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HABLA). this tool isolates the control architecture of an autonomous computational system, like a robot, from its particular hardware implementation. It is provided with a set of general sensors and typical sensorial processing mechanisms of this kind of autonomous systems allowing for its application to different commercial platforms. this way, the HABLA permits the control designer to focus its work on higher-level tasks minimizing the time spent on the adaptation of the control architecture to different hardware configurations. Another important feature of the HABLA is that both hardware-HABLA and HABLA-control communications take place through standard TCP sockets, permitting the distribution of the computational cost over different computers. In addition, it has been developed in JAVA, so it is platform independent. After presenting the general HABLA diagram and operation structure, we consider a real application using the same deliberative control architecture on two different autonomous robots: an Aibo legged robot and a Pioneer 2Dx wheeled robot.

关键词： middleware software tool control system abstraction autonomous robotics

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An implementation of high availability in networked robotic systems

An implementation of high availability in networked robotic ...

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4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics

作者： Anton, Florin Daniel Borangiu, theodor Anton, Silvia Univ Politehn Bucuresti Dept Automat & Appl Informat RO-060032 Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9789728865832

In today's complex enterprise environments, providing continuous service for applications is a key component of a successful robotized implementing of manufacturing. High availability (HA) is one of the components contributing to continuous service provision for applications, by masking or eliminating both planned and unplanned systems and application downtime. this is achieved through the elimination of hardware and software single points of failure (SPOF). A high availability solution will ensure that the failure of any component of the solution - either hardware, software or system management, will not cause the application and its data to become permanently unavailable. High availability solutions should eliminate single points of failure through appropriate design, planning, hardware selection, software configuring, application control, carefully environment control and change management discipline. In short, one can define high availability as the process of ensuring an application is available for use by duplicating and/or sharing hardware resources managed by a specialized software component. A high availability solution in robotized manufacturing provides automated failure detection, diagnosis, application recovery, and node (robot controller) re integration. the paper discusses the implementing of a high availability solution in a robotized manufacturing line.

关键词： networked robotics high availability fault tolerant systems resource monitoring resource control

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Formal verification of safety behaviours of the outdoor robot RAYON

Formal verification of safety behaviours of the outdoor robo...

引用

4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics, ICINCO 2007

作者： Proetzsch, Martin Bems, Karsten Schuele, T. Schneider, K. Robotics Research Lab University of Kaiserslautern Germany Reactive Systems Group University of Kaiserslautern Germany

this paper presents an approach to the formal verification of safety properties of the behaviour-based control network of the mobile outdoor robot RAYON. In particular, we consider behaviours that are used for the computation of the projected vehicle's velocity from obstacle proximity sensor data and inclination information. We describe how this group of behaviours is implemented in the synchronous language Quartz in order to be formally verified using model checking techniques of the Averest verification framework. Moreover, by integrating the automatically generated and verified code into the behaviour network, it can be guaranteed that the robot slows down and stops as required by the given safety specifications.

关键词： Model checking

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Mechanical system modelling of robot dynamics using a mass/pulley model

Mechanical system modelling of robot dynamics using a mass/p...

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4th international conference on informatics in control, automation and robotics

作者： Stocco, L. J. Yedlin, M. J. Univ British Columbia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9789728865849

the well-known electro-mechanical analogy that equates current, voltage, resistance, inductance and capacitance to force, velocity, damping, spring constant and mass has a shortcoming in that mass can only be used to simulate a capacitor which has one terminal connected to ground. A new model that was previously proposed by the authors that combines a mass with a pulley (MP) is shown to simulate a capacitor in the general case. this new MP model is used to model the off-diagonal elements of a mass matrix so that devices whose effective mass is coupled between more than one actuator can be represented by a mechanical system diagram that is topographically parallel to its equivalent electric circuit model. Specific examples of this technique are presented to demonstrate how a mechanical model can be derived for both a serial and a parallel robot with both two and three degrees of freedom. the technique, however, is extensible to any number of degrees of freedom.

关键词： mass matrix inertia matrix MP model pulley differential transmission mechanical system representation robot dynamics impedance equivalent electric circuit

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