the well-known electro-mechanical analogy that equates current, voltage, resistance, inductance and capacitance to force, velocity, damping, spring constant and mass has a shortcoming in that mass can only be used to ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789728865849
the well-known electro-mechanical analogy that equates current, voltage, resistance, inductance and capacitance to force, velocity, damping, spring constant and mass has a shortcoming in that mass can only be used to simulate a capacitor which has one terminal connected to ground. A new model that was previously proposed by the authors that combines a mass with a pulley (MP) is shown to simulate a capacitor in the general case. this new MP model is used to model the off-diagonal elements of a mass matrix so that devices whose effective mass is coupled between more than one actuator can be represented by a mechanical system diagram that is topographically parallel to its equivalent electric circuit model. Specific examples of this technique are presented to demonstrate how a mechanical model can be derived for both a serial and a parallel robot with both two and three degrees of freedom. the technique, however, is extensible to any number of degrees of freedom.
this paper discusses integrating robotics and automation systems to improve industrial automation's efficiency, precision, and reliability, focusing on the versatile robotic arm. the study explores Auto PID tuning...
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Wheelchairs have improved the lives of many people with limited mobility. Yet, to this day, conventional wheelchairs are still not a viable option for mobility independence in cases of people with severe weakness or p...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789897583803
Wheelchairs have improved the lives of many people with limited mobility. Yet, to this day, conventional wheelchairs are still not a viable option for mobility independence in cases of people with severe weakness or poor coordination e.g. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Smart wheelchairs (SWs) overcome many of these limitations by adding an extra layer of intelligence to the system. SWs have so far remained mostly inaccessible to the general public, due to a limited market presence and steep costs. this paper thus presents the design and implementation of a novel SW which makes the upgrade of a commercially available motorised wheelchair to a SW a much simpler process. the system is a complete implementation offering low-level hardware control, a specialised ROS architecture and autonomous navigation algorithms allowing shared user control or fully-autonomous movement. Contrary to most other published works, the focus of this paper is to implement a fully-featured working prototype with minimal hardware complexity and an efficient modular software development environment. Initial practical tests in typical use scenarios showcased the successful operation of the complete system. the developed prototype SW has the potential to restore autonomy to people who are unable to use conventional or powered wheelchairs.
Flexible spine motion of the quadruped has a decisive influence on the explosive power, energy utilization efficiency, stability, terrain-pass ability, and balance ability of the quadruped during running motion. the p...
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An antagonistic pneumatic muscle actuator is non-linear system with dead zone, time delay and non-linear static characteristic with saturation due to non-linear characteristics of artificial muscles and also solenoid ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781941763162
An antagonistic pneumatic muscle actuator is non-linear system with dead zone, time delay and non-linear static characteristic with saturation due to non-linear characteristics of artificial muscles and also solenoid valves. A linear controller with fixed gains is not able to provide a satisfactory performance in the whole range of actuator. the dynamic simulation model of fuzzy adaptive control of such actuator was designed in Matlab/Simulink environment. An advanced geometric muscle model was used for subsystem of pneumatic muscle actuator in this simulation model.
this paper presents designs and concepts in the construction of a simulation tool for robot programming and validation. It describes how such tools can be integrated and the new capabilities and applications that come...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781617387197
this paper presents designs and concepts in the construction of a simulation tool for robot programming and validation. It describes how such tools can be integrated and the new capabilities and applications that come from such a tool where physical devices can be components with interaction in a physics simulation. the paper also outlines the advantages that can be gained by including physics simulation together withthe traditional robot simulation/programming tools and virtual/ soft PLCS. Tools of this nature, utilizing the latest in components from many manufacturers, provides a clear step in the ability of industry to quickly adjust production and to quickly deliver validated solutions into production.
In this paper we illustrate the architecture and the main features of a bio-inspired control system employed to govern an anthropomorphic artificial Arm. the manipulation system we developed was designed starting from...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789728865825
In this paper we illustrate the architecture and the main features of a bio-inspired control system employed to govern an anthropomorphic artificial Arm. the manipulation system we developed was designed starting from a deeply study of the human limb from the anatomical, physiological and neurological point of view. In accordance withthe general view of the Biorobotics field we try to replicate the structure and the functionalities of the natural limb. thanks to this biomimetic approach we obtained a system that can perform movements similar to those of the natural limb. the control system is organized in a hierarchical way. the low level controller emulates the neural circuits located in the human spinal cord and is charged to reproduce the reflexes behaviors and to controlthe arm stiffness. the high level control system generates the arm trajectory performing the inverse kinematics and furnishing the instantaneous muscles reference position. In particular we implemented the Inverse kinematic using a gradient based algorithm;at each step the actuators movements are arranged in order to decrease the distance between the wrist and the target position. Simulation and experimental results shows the ability of the control system in governing the arm to follow a predefined trajectory and to perform human like reflexes behaviors.
Planned active debris removal and on-orbit servicing missions require capabilities for capturing objects on Earth's orbit, e.g., by the use of a manipulator. In this paper we demonstrate the application of a traje...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789897581984
Planned active debris removal and on-orbit servicing missions require capabilities for capturing objects on Earth's orbit, e.g., by the use of a manipulator. In this paper we demonstrate the application of a trajectory optimization algorithm for free-floating satellite-manipulator systems in two cases: a planar system with 2 degrees of freedom manipulator and a spatial system with a manipulator having four degrees of freedom. For the case with planar system, results of experiments performed on an air-bearing microgravity simulator are shown. Quadratic norm connected withthe power consumption of manipulator motors has been used as a cost functional that is minimized. Optimal trajectories are compared with straight-line trajectories and it is shown that the optimization allows reduction of the power use of manipulator motors (for the planar system 30 trajectories based on randomly selected initial and final end-effector positions were analysed and the cost functional was, on average, reduced by 49.4%). the presented method could be modified by using cost functional that would, e.g., minimize disturbance on the satellite.
LiDAR sensors are unable to detect objects that are inside or behind dense smoke, fog or dust. these aerosols lead to problems for environmental modeling with mobile robotic platforms. For example, if a robot equipped...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789897581984
LiDAR sensors are unable to detect objects that are inside or behind dense smoke, fog or dust. these aerosols lead to problems for environmental modeling with mobile robotic platforms. For example, if a robot equipped with a LiDAR is surrounded by dense smoke, it can neither localize itself nor can it create a map. Radar sensors, on the other hand, are immune to these conditions, but are unable to represent the structure of an environment in the same quality as a LiDAR due to limited range and angular resolution. In this paper, we introduce the mechanically pivoting radar (MPR), which is a 2D high bandwidth radar scanner. We present first results for robotic mapping and a fusion strategy in order to reduce the negative influence of the aforementioned harsh conditions on LiDAR scans. In addition to the metric representation of an environment with low visibility, we introduce the LRR (LiDAR-Radar-Ratio), which correlates withthe amount of aerosols around the robot discussing its meaning and possible application.
We propose a method in which multiple nozzles are arranged consecutively along a conveying line and an object can be relayed one after another. In this paper, as a most essential technology for such a conveyor, we foc...
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