the failure of a safety-critical system, though undesirable, is often a source of valuable lessons that can help prevent future failures. Current analysis practices do not always yield as much knowledge as they might ...
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Human factors contribute to risk in safety critical systems. However, current approaches to integrating human factors issues in the development of safety critical systems appear not fully sufficient. In this paper a n...
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Today’s advances in sensor technology make it feasible to embed sensing, communication and computation capabilities in small untethered nodes. However, node lifetime is still severely restricted by the limitations of...
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the knowledge of dielectric properties of breast tissue in a wide frequency range of 0.1 to 20 GHz forms the foundation for a variety of novel microwave techniques for breast cancer detection [1,2,3]. In collaboration...
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the knowledge of dielectric properties of breast tissue in a wide frequency range of 0.1 to 20 GHz forms the foundation for a variety of novel microwave techniques for breast cancer detection [1,2,3]. In collaboration, the Universities of Calgary and Wisconsin-Madison are building an extensive database of breast tissue dielectric properties for further advances of microwave technologies for breast cancer detection and treatment [1,5,7].
During recent decades we have witnessed not only the introduction of automation into the work environment but we have also seen a dramatic change in how automation has influenced the conditions of work. While some 30 ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783540452263
ISBN:
(纸本)9783540408048
During recent decades we have witnessed not only the introduction of automation into the work environment but we have also seen a dramatic change in how automation has influenced the conditions of work. While some 30 years ago the addition of a computer was considered only for routine and boring tasks in support of humans, the balance has dramatically shifted to the computer being able to perform almost any task the human is willing to delegate. the very fast pace of change in processor and information technology has been the main driving force behind this development. advances in automation and especially Artificial Intelligence (AI) have enabled the formation of a rather unique team with human and electronic members. the team is still supervised by the human withthe machine as a subordinate associate or assistant, sharing responsibility, authority and autonomy over many tasks. the requirement for teaming human and machine in a highly dynamic and unpredictable task environment has led to impressive achievements in many supporting technologies. these include methods for system analysis, design and engineering and in particular for information processing, for cognitive and complex knowledge [1] engineering .
In an e-commerce or e-service environment, workflow involves not only a single organization but also a number of business partners. Workflow interoperability is therefore an important issue for workflow enactment in s...
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In this paper, a model of the neuronal regulator of the lower urinary tract that regulates the micturition process is presented. A multiagent system has been used in which each agent models the behaviour of the differ...
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Large aperture (20-inch diameter) sapphire optical windows have been identified as a key element of new and/or upgraded airborne electro-optical systems. these windows typically require a transmitted wave front error ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819449377
Large aperture (20-inch diameter) sapphire optical windows have been identified as a key element of new and/or upgraded airborne electro-optical systems. these windows typically require a transmitted wave front error of much less than 0.1 waves rms @ 0.63 microns over 7 inch diameter subapertures. Large aperture (12.36-inch diameter by 5.1-inch thick) sapphire substrates have also been identified as a key optical element of the Laser interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO).(1) this project is under joint development by the California Institute of technology (Caltech) and the Massachusetts Institute of technology under cooperative agreement withthe National science foundation (NSF). these substrates are required to have a transmitted wave front error of 10 nm (0.016 waves) rms @ 0.63 microns over a 200 mm (7.9-inch) subaperture. Owing to the spatial variations in the optical index of refraction potentially anticipated within 20-inch diameter sapphire, thin (0.25 - 0.5-inch) window substrates, as well as within the 12.36-inch diameter by 5.1-inch thick substrates for the LIGO application;our experience tells us that the required transmitted wave front errors can not be achieved with standard optical finishing techniques as they can not readily compensate for errors introduced by inherent material characteristics. computer controlled optical finishing has been identified as a key technology likely required to enable achievement of the required transmitted wave front errors. Goodrich has developed this technology and has previously applied it to finish high quality sapphire optical windows with a range of aperture sizes from 4-inch to 13-inch to transmitted wavefront errors satisfying these new requirements. this paper addresses the successful recent developments and accomplishments in the application of this optical finishing technology to sequentially larger aperture and thicker sapphire windows to achieve challenging transmitted wave front error require
the requirement for secure e-commerce transactions arises due to the potentially hostile execution environment where not only hardware can fail, but also the messages are subject to attacks by intruders, and some part...
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Minimization of total (vertical) wire length in VLSI physical design automation is one of the most important topics of current research. As fabrication technologyadvances, devices and interconnection wires are placed...
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Minimization of total (vertical) wire length in VLSI physical design automation is one of the most important topics of current research. As fabrication technologyadvances, devices and interconnection wires are placed in closer proximity and circuits operate at higher frequencies. At the same time, delay is a factor that suspends a desired signal in conveying it to its destination in a proper time. this factor is directly proportional to the length of the interconnecting wire segments involved (Pal, R. K., "Multi-Layer Channel Routing: Complexity and Algorithms", Narosa Pub. House, 2000). Pal et al. (see Proc. 8th VSI/IEEE Int. Conf. on VLSI Design, p.202-7, 1995) developed a purely graph theoretic framework, designated as TAH (track assignment heuristic), for computing routing solutions using the minimum possible area. We compute routing solutions with reduced total wire length using the TAH framework. the algorithm is used for computing two-layer no-dogleg routing solutions for most of the well-known benchmark channels. the performance of our algorithm is highly encouraging.
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