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ieee international symposium on object/Component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing Workshops (ISORCW)

作者： Norma Montealegre Franz J. Rammig Design of Distributed Embedded Systems Group Heinz Nixdorf Institute Paderborn Germany

Agent-based modeling and simulation is a way to model the behavior of populations of components and their interactions within a system. the key of this approach is to model the components of the system as autonomous agents and to simulate their behavior for evaluating the system as a whole. that is very useful for observing the emergence of properties in social, biological, environmental or financial systems, among others. Artificial immune systems, which is a sub field of artificial intelligence, comprises systems modeled by simplifying models from the biological immune system. If agent-based modeling and simulation is used as a laboratory for understanding the biological immune system then, it can also be used for transferring the observed principles into artificial immune system models or for evaluating models that have been already adapted for solving technical problems. this paper presents first, a methodology for transferring principles of the biological immune system into the field of artificial immune systems. then, it presents a brief explanation of the behavior of the cells of the biological immune system, which are treated as internal agents inside a biological organism. Afterwards, the modeling of some selected type of cells and the simulation of the whole simplified system are presented. In the end, the principles of that simplified system are transferred into the design of an alarm management system for the smart grid.

关键词： Immune system Pathogens Biological system modeling Adaptation models object oriented modeling Computational modeling

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An Optimized Compilation of UML State Machines

An Optimized Compilation of UML State Machines

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Asma Charfi Chokri Mraidha Pierre Boulet LIST Laboratory of model driven engineering for embedded systems CEA Gif-sur-Yvette France Sciences et Technologies Cité scientifique Université Lille Villeneuve d'Ascq France

Due to the definition of fUML (Foundational Subset for Executable UML Models) along with its action language Alf (Action Language for fUML), UML (Unified Modeling Language) allows the production of executable models on which early verification and validation activities can be conducted. Despite this effort of standardization and the large use of UML in industry, developers still hand tune the code generated from models to correct, enhance or optimize it. this results in a gap between the model and the generated code. Manual code tuning except from being error prone can invalidate all the analysis and validations already done in the model. To avoid the code hand tuning drawbacks and, since UML is becoming an executable language, we propose a new Model Based Development (MBD) approach that skips the code generation step by compiling directly UML models. the biggest challenge for this approach - tackled in this paper is to propose a model compiler that is more efficient than a code compiler for UML models. Our model compiler performs optimizations that code compilers are unable to perform resulting in a more compact assembly code.

关键词： Unified modeling language Optimization Assembly Semantics object oriented modeling Switches

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Towards a Rigorous Modeling Formalism for Systems of Systems

Towards a Rigorous Modeling Formalism for Systems of Systems

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ieee international symposium on object/Component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing Workshops (ISORCW)

作者： Tayfun Gezgin Christoph Etzien Stefan Henkler Achim Rettberg Institute for Information Technology (OFFIS) Oldenburg Germany Carl von Ossietzky University슠of슠Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany

the scope of this paper is collaborative, distributed safety critical systems which build up a larger scale system of systems (SoS). Systems participating in an SoS follow both global as well as individual goals, which may be contradicting. Both the global and local goals of the overall SoS may change over time. Hence, self-adaptive ness, i.e., reconfiguration of the SoS as a reaction on changes within its context is a major characteristic of this systems. the aim of this paper is to describe first steps towards a modeling formalism for SoS in a safety critical context. the challenge is to address on the one hand the required flexibility to adapt the system during run-time and on the other hand to guarantee that the system reacts still in a safe manner. To address these challenges, we propose an approach which guarantees that the system still reacts in a safe manner while adaption to uncertainty including context changes. this adaption has to be assumed as unsafe during design time. the key for having success is to define the interaction between the systems as well as its goals as basic elements of the design. Based on our former work, we propose a well-defined modeling approach for the interaction based on components as basic structural elements, the contract paradigm for the design of the interaction, and graph transformations, which addresses the adaptivity of system of systems. the component model is additionally explicitly enriched by goals, which supports so called evaluation functions to determine the level of target achievement.

关键词： Fires Adaptation models Context Protocols real time systems Unified modeling language object oriented modeling

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DMSS: A Dynamic Memory Scheduling System in Server Consolidation Environments

DMSS: A Dynamic Memory Scheduling System in Server Consolida...

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ieee international symposium on object/Component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing Workshops (ISORCW)

作者： Lanzheng Liu Rui Chu Yongchun Zhu Pengfei Zhang Liufeng Wang National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Systems and Technology Group IBM China Beijing China

As the foundation of cloud computing, Server consolidation allows multiple computer infrastructures running as virtual machines in a single physical node. It improves the utilization of most kinds of resource but memory under x86 architecture. Because of inaccurate memory usage estimate and the lack of memory resource management, there is much service performance degradation in data centers, even though they have occupied a large amount of memory. Furthermore, memory becomes insufficient for a physical server when a lot of virtual machines depend on it. In order to improve this, we present a dynamic memory scheduling system called DMSS, which can manage memory resources in server consolidation environments and allocate memory among virtual machines on demand. We have designed and implemented the corresponding memory scheduling policy based on Xen virtualization platform to enhance memory efficiency and achieve service level agreement. the benchmark shows that DMSS can make an accurate and rapid response to memory changes and save more than 30% physical memory with less than 5% performance degradation. DMSS actually brings in economic benefits to cloud service providers because more virtual machines can be accommodated at lower costs.

关键词： Memory management Virtual machine monitors Monitoring Resource management Servers Dynamic scheduling Degradation

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ISORC 2010 - 2010 13th ieee international symposium on object/Component/ Service-oriented real-time distributed computing: Message from the symposium Co-chairs

ISORC 2010 - 2010 13th IEEE International Symposium on Objec...

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ISORC 2010 - 2010 13th ieee international symposium on object/Component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing 2010年 1卷 viii页

作者： De Miguel, Miguel Selic, Bran Dillon, tharam Technical University of Madrid Spain Malina Software Corp. Canada Curtin University of Technology Australia

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ISORC 2010 - 2010 13th ieee international symposium on object/Component/ Service-oriented real-time distributed computing: Message from the program Co-chairs

ISORC 2010 - 2010 13th IEEE International Symposium on Objec...

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ISORC 2010 - 2010 13th ieee international symposium on object/Component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing 2010年 1卷 ix页

作者： Obermaisser, Roman Tsai, Wei-Tek Nah, Yunmook Shokri, Eltefaat Vienna University of Technology Austria Arizona State University United States Dankook University Korea Republic of Aerospace Corporation United States

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Model-driven virtual prototyping for real-time simulation of distributed embedded systems

Model-driven virtual prototyping for real-time simulation of...

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international symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems

作者： J. Zimmermann S. Stattelmann A. Viehl O. Bringmann W. Rosenstiel FZI Research Centre for Information Technology Karlsruhe Germany University of Tubingen Germany

In this paper, we present an approach to generate a virtual execution platform in SystemC to advance the development of software-intensive real-time embedded systems including early validation and verification. these virtual execution platforms allow the execution of embedded software with strict consideration of the underlying hardware platform configuration in order to reduce subsequent development costs and to allow a short time-to-market by tailoring and exploring distributed embedded hardware and software architectures. Starting from abstract UML-based descriptions of the software and hardware architecture as well as integrated abstractions of legacy code, model transformation techniques are used during the model-driven generation process. the combination of source code level timing and power annotations obtained from binary legacy code analysis with a layered approach for TLM-based simulation of non-functional properties in a common virtual prototyping methodology allows a fast and accurate simulation of the embedded system model. We further show the synchronization and co-simulation of the embedded hardware/software with vehicle dynamics including human-in-the-loop. To substantiate our allegation we present experimental results expressing the high performance and accuracy of the elaborated virtual prototyping framework as well as its applicability within different application areas and use cases.

关键词： Unified modeling language Software Hardware Timing Analytical models object oriented modeling time varying systems

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OASIS: An architecture for dynamic instrumentation of enterprise distributed real-time and embedded systems

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COMPUTER SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2011年第6期26卷 413-423页

作者： Hill, James Sutherlandy, Hunt Staudingery, Paul Silveriaz, thomas Schmidtx, Douglas C. Slabyz, John Visnevskiy, Nikita Indiana Univ Purdue Univ Indianapolis IN 46202 USA GE Global Res Niskayuna Niskayuna NY USA Vanderbilt Univ Nashville Nashville TN USA

Instrumentation is a critical part of evaluating an enterprise distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) system's performance. Traditional techniques for instrumenting enterprise DRE systems require DRE system developers to make design decisions regarding what metrics to collect during early phases of the software lifecycle so these needs can be factored into the system architecture. In many circumstances, however, it is hard for DRE system developers to know this information during early phases of the software lifecycle-especially when metrics come from many heterogeneous sources (such as application-and system-level hardware and software resources) and evaluating performance is traditionally an after-thought. To address these issues, this article presents the design and performance of OASIS, which is SOA-based middleware and tools that dynamically instruments enterprise DRE system without requiring design-time knowledge of which metrics to collect. this article also empirically evaluates OASIS in the context of a representative enterprise DRE system case study from the domain of shipboard computing. Results from applying OASIS to this case study show that its flexibility enables DRE system testers to precisely control instrumentation overhead. We also highlight open challenges in dynamic instrumentation for next-generation enterprise DRE systems.

关键词： dynamic instrumentation enterprise DRE systems service-oriented architecture middleware real-time instrumentation

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A time-predictable object cache

A time-predictable object cache

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ieee international symposium on object, Component, Service-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Schoeberl, Martin Department of Informatics and Mathematical Modeling Technical University of Denmark Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543680

Static cache analysis for data allocated on the heap is practically impossible for standard data caches. We propose a distinct object cache for heap allocated data. the cache is highly associative to track symbolic object addresses in the static analysis. Cache lines are organized to hold single objects and individual fields are loaded on a miss. this cache organization is statically analyzable and improves the performance. In this paper we present the design and implementation of the object cache in a uniprocessor and chip-multiprocessor version of the Java processor JOP. © 2011 ieee.

关键词： real time systems

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A selection method for services in dynamic environments

A selection method for services in dynamic environments

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ieee international symposium on object, Component, Service-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Meixler, Simone Brinkschulte, Uwe Department of Computer Science Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543680

Service selection is one of the current challenges in Service oriented computing (SOC). We propose a service selection method for replacing used services in case of a failure. the approach considers the functional as well as the non-functional features of services. Furthermore, the service selection method searches for a service just meeting the requirements and not for the best possible service exceeding the requirements. this saves services having high QoS properties for clients really in need of them. © 2011 ieee.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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