Expert knowledge can often be represented using default rules of the form "if A then typically B". In a probabilistic framework, such default rules can be seen as constraints on what should be derivable by M...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319405667
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319405667;9783319405650
Expert knowledge can often be represented using default rules of the form "if A then typically B". In a probabilistic framework, such default rules can be seen as constraints on what should be derivable by MAP-inference. We exploit this idea for constructing a Markov logic network M from a set of first-order default rules D, such that MAP inference from M exactly corresponds to default reasoning from D, where we view first-order default rules as templates for the construction of propositional default rules. In particular, to construct appropriate Markov logic networks, we lift three standard methods for default reasoning. the resulting Markov logic networks could then be refined based on available training data. Our method thus offers a convenient way of using expert knowledge for constraining or guiding the process of learning Markov logic networks.
Hybrid logic is a valuable tool for specifying relational structures, at the same time that allows defining accessibility relations between states, it provides a way to nominate and make mention to what happens at eac...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319402291
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319402291
Hybrid logic is a valuable tool for specifying relational structures, at the same time that allows defining accessibility relations between states, it provides a way to nominate and make mention to what happens at each specific state. However, due to the many sources nowadays available, we may need to deal with contradictory information. this is the reason why we came withthe idea of Quasi-hybrid logic, which is a paraconsistent version of hybrid logic capable of dealing with inconsistencies in the information, written as hybrid formulas. In [5] we have already developed a semantics for this paraconsistent logic. In this paper we go a step forward, namely we study its proof-theoretical aspects. We present a complete tableau system for Quasi-hybrid logic, by combining both tableaux for Quasi-classical and Hybrid logics.
the proceedings contain 24 papers. the topics discussed include: a comparative study of the use of a robust color image segmentation method;a logicprogramming language designed for the modeling of abductive reasoning...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781538677353
the proceedings contain 24 papers. the topics discussed include: a comparative study of the use of a robust color image segmentation method;a logicprogramming language designed for the modeling of abductive reasoning in an educational context;a modified-ABC: an explicit-memory based approach with a new memory updating and retrieval in dynamic environments;a polynomial time algorithm for counting the number of independent sets of cactus graphs;a statistical comparison of objective functions for the vehicle routing problem with route balancing;a study on pattern-based spectral clustering methods in DWN;an improved automated definition extraction method based on lexicographic and lexico-semantic features;and an unsupervised approach for automatic discovery of metadata in document images.
the proceedings contain 32 papers. the special focus in this conference is on Interactive theorem Proving. the topics include: An Isabelle/HOL formalisation of green’s theorem;HOL zero’s solutions for Pollack-incons...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319431437
the proceedings contain 32 papers. the special focus in this conference is on Interactive theorem Proving. the topics include: An Isabelle/HOL formalisation of green’s theorem;HOL zero’s solutions for Pollack-inconsistency;infeasible paths elimination by symbolic execution techniques;proof of correctness and preservation of paths;proof of OS scheduling behavior in the presence of interrupt-induced concurrency;a confidentiality-verified social media platform;mechanical verification of a constructive proof for FLP;visual theorem proving withthe incredible proof machine;proof pearl;bounding least common multiples with triangles;two-way automata in Coq;mostly automated formal verification of loop dependencies with applications to distributed stencil algorithms;the flow of ODEs;from types to sets by local type definitions in higher-order logic;formalizing the Edmonds-Karp algorithm;a formal proof of Cauchy’s residue theorem;equational reasoning with applicative functors;formally verified approximations of definite integrals;certification of classical confluence results for left-linear term rewrite systems;automatic functional correctness proofs for functional search trees;a framework for the automatic formal verification of refinement from COGENT to c;formalization of the resolution calculus for first-order logic;verified operational transformation for trees;hereditarily finite sets in constructive type theory;algebraic numbers in Isabelle/HOL;modular dependent induction in Coq, mendler-style;formalized timed automata;AUTO2, a saturation-based heuristic prover for higher-order logic;what’s in a theorem name?;cardinalities of finite relations in Coq and formalising semantics for expected running time of probabilistic programs.
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) combine cyber aspects such as communication and computer control with physical aspects such as movement in space, which arise frequently in many safety-critical application domains, includ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319402291
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319402291
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) combine cyber aspects such as communication and computer control with physical aspects such as movement in space, which arise frequently in many safety-critical application domains, including aviation, automotive, railway, and robotics. But how can we ensure that these systems are guaranteed to meet their design goals, e.g., that an aircraft will not crash into another one? this paper highlights some of the most fascinating aspects of cyberphysical systems and their dynamical systems models, such as hybrid systems that combine discrete transitions and continuous evolution along differential equations. Because of the impact that they can have on the real world, CPSs deserve proof as safety evidence. Multi-dynamical systems understand complex systems as a combination of multiple elementary dynamical aspects, which makes them natural mathematical models for CPS, since they tame their complexity by compositionality. the family of differential dynamic logics achieves this compositionality by providing compositional logics, programming languages, and reasoning principles for CPS. Differential dynamic logics, as implemented in the theorem prover KeYmaera X, have been instrumental in verifying many applications, including the Airborne Collision Avoidance System ACAS X, the European Train Control System ETCS, automotive systems, mobile robot navigation, and a surgical robot system for skull-base surgery. this combination of strong theoretical foundations with practical theorem proving challenges and relevant applications makes logic for CPS an ideal area for compelling and rewarding research.
We present recent developments in the Flowchart Writer (FloWr) project, where we have built a framework for implementing creative systems as flowcharts of processing nodes. We describe how the system has been migrated...
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the proceedings contain 10 papers. the topics discussed include: towards the prediction of the performance and energy efficiency of distributed data management systems;performance testing in software development: gett...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781450341479
the proceedings contain 10 papers. the topics discussed include: towards the prediction of the performance and energy efficiency of distributed data management systems;performance testing in software development: getting the developers on board;tutorial on challenges for big data application performance tuning and prediction;a constraint programming based energy aware resource management middleware for clouds processing MapReduce jobs with deadlines;automated analysis of load test results of systems with equilibrium or transient behavior;performance engineering for in-memory databases: models, experiments and optimization;challenges in truly scaling services;monitoring-based testing of elastic cloud computing applications;big data applications performance assurance;challenges in applying control theory to software performance engineering for adaptive systems;and performance mimicking benchmarks for multi-tier applications.
the proceedings contain 27 papers. the special focus in this conference is on Early Innovation Short Papers and Social Science Extended Abstracts. the topics include: Intercultural collaboration and support systems: a...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319448312
the proceedings contain 27 papers. the special focus in this conference is on Early Innovation Short Papers and Social Science Extended Abstracts. the topics include: Intercultural collaboration and support systems: a brief history;argumentation for practical reasoning;an axiomatic approach;argumentation-based semantics for logic programs with first-order formulae;resistance to corruption of general strategic argumentation;spread of cooperation in complex agent networks based on expectation of cooperation;semantic reasoning with uncertain information from unreliable sources;a collaborative framework for 3D mapping using unmanned aerial vehicles;heuristics on the data-collecting robot problem with immediate rewards;verifying real-time properties of multi-agent systems via SMT-based bounded model checking;balancing rationality and utility in logic-based argumentation with classical logic sentences and belief contraction;individually rational strategy-proof social choice with exogenous indifference sets;offer evaluation and trade-off making in automated negotiation based on intuitionistic fuzzy constraints;analyzing topics and trends in the prima literature;sequence semantics for normative agents;revenue maximizing markets for zero-day exploits;distant group responsibility in multi-agent systems;competitive VCG redistribution mechanism for public project problem;coalition structure formation using anytime dynamic programming;demand response integration through agent-based coordination of consumers in virtual power plants;a multi agent system for understanding the impact of technology transfer offices in green-IT;modeling organizational and institutional aspects in renewable and natural resources management context and generalising social structure using interval type-2 fuzzy sets.
Insufficient mathematical skills of practitioners are hypothesized as one of the main hindering factors for the adoption of formal methods in industry. this problem is directly related to negative attitudes of future ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319395647;9783319395630
Insufficient mathematical skills of practitioners are hypothesized as one of the main hindering factors for the adoption of formal methods in industry. this problem is directly related to negative attitudes of future computing professionals to core mathematical disciplines, which are perceived as difficult, boring and not relevant to their future daily practices. this paper is a contribution to the ongoing debate on how to make courses in logic and Formal Methods both relevant and engaging for future software practitioners. We propose to increase engagement and enhance learning by integrating 'hands-on' software engineering assignments based on cross-fertilization between software engineering and logic. As an example, we report on a pilot assignment given at a logic and Formal Methods course for Information Systems students at the University of Haifa. We describe the design of the assignment, students' feedback and discuss some lessons learnt from the pilot.
Security breaches often arise as a result of users' failure to comply with security policies. Such failures to comply may simply be innocent mistakes. However, there is evidence that, in some circumstances, users ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319474137;9783319474120
Security breaches often arise as a result of users' failure to comply with security policies. Such failures to comply may simply be innocent mistakes. However, there is evidence that, in some circumstances, users choose not to comply because they perceive that the security benefit of compliance is outweighed by the cost that is the impact of compliance on their abilities to complete their operational tasks. that is, they perceive security compliance as hindering their work. the 'compliance budget' is a concept in information security that describes how the users of an organization's systems determine the extent to which they comply withthe specified security policy. the purpose of this paper is to initiate a qualitative logical analysis of, and so provide reasoning tools for, this important concept in security economics for which quantitative analysis is difficult to establish. We set up a simple temporal logic of preferences, with a semantics given in terms of histories and sets of preferences, and explain how to use it to model and reason about the compliance budget. the key ingredients are preference update, to account for behavioural change in response to policy change, and an ability to handle uncertainty, to account for the lack of quantitative measures.
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