We study the topology of the Megaparsec Cosmic Web in terms of the scale-dependent Betti numbers, which formalize the topological information content of the cosmic mass distribution. While the Betti numbers do not ful...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642252488
We study the topology of the Megaparsec Cosmic Web in terms of the scale-dependent Betti numbers, which formalize the topological information content of the cosmic mass distribution. While the Betti numbers do not fully quantify topology, they extend the information beyond conventional cosmological studies of topology in terms of genus and Euler characteristic. the richer information content of Betti numbers goes along the availability of fast algorithms to compute them. For continuous density fields, we determine the scale-dependence of Betti numbers by invoking the cosmologically familiar filtration of sublevel or superlevel sets defined by density thresholds. For the discrete galaxy distribution, however, the analysis is based on the alpha shapes of the particles. these simplicial complexes constitute an ordered sequence of nested subsets of the Delaunay tessellation, a filtration defined by the scale parameter, α. As they are homotopy equivalent to the sublevel sets of the distance field, they are an excellent tool for assessing the topological structure of a discrete point distribution. In order to develop an intuitive understanding for the behavior of Betti numbers as a function of α, and their relation to the morphological patterns in the Cosmic Web, we first study them within the context of simple heuristic Voronoi clustering models. these can be tuned to consist of specific morphological elements of the Cosmic Web, i.e. clusters, filaments, or sheets. To elucidate the relative prominence of the various Betti numbers in different stages of morphological evolution, we introduce the concept of alpha tracks. Subsequently, we address the topology of structures emerging in the standard LCDM scenario and in cosmological scenarios with alternative dark energy content. the evolution of the Betti numbers is shown to reflect the hierarchical evolution of the Cosmic Web. We also demonstrate that the scale-dependence of the Betti numbers yields a promising measure of co
As of today, components of radio access networks are operated in an always-on manner. Since network providers need to fulfill the traffic demands of all customers even during peak times to stay competitive, a signific...
详细信息
As of today, components of radio access networks are operated in an always-on manner. Since network providers need to fulfill the traffic demands of all customers even during peak times to stay competitive, a significantly higher amount of network resources (i.e., bandwidth) is provided. By the end of 2010, Germany's mobile network providers operated more than 123.000 base stations which are available 24/7 - even when the provided resources are not required at this time. the total energy consumption of these base stations sums up to approx. 1455 GWh per year, inflicting not only high costs to the network operators, but also contributes to worldwide carbon dioxide emissions. context data, which is already present in the different network entities can be utilized to model the state of radio networks allowing network providers to identify idle components. these components can then be reconfigured dynamically according to the actual demands on connectivity in the network. In this paper, we propose a context Management Architecture, which is able to acquire and consolidate context from various components in radio access networks as well as additional external sources. the raw context data is sensed by special context Collection Agents, which are installed on the devices the context data is originating from. It is then published to context Managers, which provide functionality for storage, reasoning mechanisms, and provisioning of the context data. context-aware applications (e.g., an application capable of optimizing the configuration of radio networks) can access the refined context via appropriate interfaces for further processing.
the INESS (Integrated European Signalling System) Project, funded by the FP7 programme of the European Union, aims to provide a common, integrated, railway signalling system within Europe. INESS experts have been usin...
详细信息
the INESS (Integrated European Signalling System) Project, funded by the FP7 programme of the European Union, aims to provide a common, integrated, railway signalling system within Europe. INESS experts have been usingthe Executable UML (xUML) language to model an executable specification of the proposed system. Due to safety-critical aspects of these systems, one key idea is to formally analyse them. In this context, we have been working with other universities on different translation-based methods that enable the formal verification of xUML models. At the core of this approach is a verification framework based on model transformation technology, used to implement an automatic and transparent verification method for xUML. Since a translation-based approach is used, a key aspect to achieve transparency is the automatic generation of counter-examples for verified properties that have a false result during the analysis, in terms of the original xUML model. We describe in this paper how we achieve this using model transformation technology.
Spoken Document Retrieval (SDR) is a promising technology for enhancing the utility of spoken materials. After the spoken documents have been transcribed by using a Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition (LVCS...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9782951740860
Spoken Document Retrieval (SDR) is a promising technology for enhancing the utility of spoken materials. After the spoken documents have been transcribed by using a Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition (LVCSR) decoder, a text-based ad hoc retrieval method can be applied directly to the transcribed documents. However, recognition errors will significantly degrade the retrieval performance. To address this problem, we have previously proposed a method that aimed to fill the gap between automatically transcribed text and correctly transcribed text by using a statistical translation technique. In this paper, we extend the method by (1) using neighboring context to index the target passage, and (2) applying a language modeling approach for document retrieval. Our experimental evaluation shows that context information can improve retrieval performance, and that the language modeling approach is effective in incorporating context information into the proposed SDR method, which uses a translation model.
the aim of the paper is to present an application of Scattered context Grammars in order to simplify process management (better coordination, control and optimization of processes which are proceeding in Car Repair Bu...
详细信息
As an effort to provide students the opportunity in enhancing design creativity in a personalized adaptive manner, an exercise program that address cognitive elements of creativity has been devised so that personalize...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780615406664
As an effort to provide students the opportunity in enhancing design creativity in a personalized adaptive manner, an exercise program that address cognitive elements of creativity has been devised so that personalized needs in specific elements could be addressed. Being an exercise for creativity, the contents are rather unusual as students first deal withthe program. Learning involves both cognitive and affective aspects of learning users in interacting with learning contents and interface. A learning user model includes assessment information as well as understanding on learners both static and dynamic characteristics. While cognitive aspects of a learning user would be rather static, affective aspects are dynamic in its nature. In the context of computer-assisted learning context of creative design capabilities, affective modeling of learners is being done using self-reporting format. Affective elements composed of joy, acceptance, fear, surprise, sadness, dislike, anger, and interest are used in the affective modeling in a simple training exercises for cognitive elements of creativity. While students conduct the exercises, they are asked to self-report their affective state using a simple diagram. Also, the entire exercise session is captured with students all activities including their facial expressions. From the images of learners captured during their activities, a human coder will also be able to develop the affective model. We conducted an experiment with students in interdisciplinary, integrated design where the exercise program for cognitive creativity elements with self-reporting of affective states was assigned between two simple conceptual design tasks. the experiment result indicates that the learning effects for fluency, flexibility and originality have been significant. We expect this research will help understand the affective state change and its relation with learning progression in creativity education.
Modern product development needs a large number of knowledge contained at all stages of product life cycle. In order to deal withthe discrete, heterogeneous expression, scenario dependence of various types of product...
详细信息
Work presented in this paper addresses the challenge of bringing together concepts and experiences from two different areas of computer science: contextmodeling and ontology matching. Current work in the field of aut...
详细信息
Withthe increasing demand for dynamic web service composition, traditional web service registries are no longer adequate in providing precise service selection. To address this problem, the paper proposes a fine-grai...
详细信息
Pandemic influenza has great potential to cause large and rapid increases in deaths and serious illness. the objective of this paper is to develop an agent-based model to simulate the spread of pandemic influenza (nov...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9789774033964
Pandemic influenza has great potential to cause large and rapid increases in deaths and serious illness. the objective of this paper is to develop an agent-based model to simulate the spread of pandemic influenza (novel H1N1) in Egypt. the proposed multi-agent model is based on the modeling of individuals' interactions in a space-time context. the proposed model involves different types of parameters such as: social agent attributes, distribution of Egypt population, and patterns of agents' interactions. Analysis of modeling results leads to understanding the characteristics of the modeled pandemic, transmission patterns, and the conditions under which an outbreak might occur. In addition, the proposed model is used to measure the effectiveness of different control strategies to intervene the pandemic spread.
暂无评论