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Hydro-economic river basin modelling: the application of a holistic surface-groundwater model to assess opportunity costs of water use in Spain

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ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS 2008年第1期66卷 51-65页

作者： Pulido-Velazquez, Manuel Andreu, Joaquin Sahuquillo, Andres Pulido-Velazquez, David Univ Politecn Valencia Inst Water & Environm Engn IIAMA Valencia 46022 Spain

Combined hydro-economic models of river basins are fundamental tools for assessing management and infrastructure strategies to improve the economic efficiency of water use in a context of competition over scarce water resources. integrated hydro-economic models have to be capable to properly reproduce the physical behavior of the system, with a realistic representation of the different surface and groundwater resources, including their interaction, and the spatial and temporal variability of resource availability. On the other hand, such models must incorporate the value of water for different urban, agricultural and industrial uses and users. Economic values for water use are defined according to the marginal residual value of water for production (for agricultural and industrial uses) or the aggregated willingness-to-pay (WTP) for urban supply and other final water uses. In this paper, we present a systematic approach to estimate the marginal economic value of surface and groundwater resources at different locations within a complex water resources system. Based on a holistic conjunctive optimization model applied to the Adra river system in Spain we asses the total and marginal opportunity costs of capacity and operation constraints, including the opportunity cost of imposing environmental constraints on water use as foreseen in future Spanish water policy following the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive. the resulting opportunity costs provide important information to water managers about economic inefficiencies of current water allocation policy or infrastructure design, and about the resource opportunity costs to be considered in the design of efficient pricing policies in regions with water scarcity issues. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： integrated river basin modeling holistic models surface water-groundwater interaction scarcity cost

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Classifications of Atmospheric Circulation Patterns Recent Advances and Applications

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TRENDS AND DIRECTIONS IN CLIMATE RESEARCH 2008年第1期1146卷 105-152页

作者： Huth, Radan Beck, Christoph Philipp, Andreas Demuzere, Matthias Ustrnul, Zbigniew Cahynova, Monika Kysely, Jan Tveito, Ole Einar Inst Atmospher Phys Prague 14131 4 Czech Republic Univ Augsburg Dept Geog Augsburg Germany Catholic Univ Louvain Dept Earth & Environm Sci B-3000 Louvain Belgium Jagiellonian Univ Krakow Poland Charles Univ Prague Dept Phys Geog & Geoecol Prague Czech Republic Norwegian Meteorol Inst Oslo Norway

We review recent advances in classifications of circulation patterns as a specific research area within synoptic climatology. the review starts with a general description of goals of classification and the historical development in the field. We put circulation classifications into a broader context within climatology and systematize the varied methodologies and approaches. We characterize three basic groups of classifications: subjective (also called manual), mixed (hybrid), and objective (computer-assisted, automated). the roles of cluster analysis and principal component analysis in the classification process are clarified. Several recent methodological developments in circulation classifications are identified and briefly described: the introduction of nonlinear methods, objectivization of subjective catalogs, efforts to optimize classifications, the need for intercomparisons of classifications, and the progress toward an optimum, if possible unified, classification method. Among the recent tendencies in the applications of circulation classifications, we mention a more extensive use in climate studies, both of past, present, and future climates, innovative applications in the ensemble forecasting, increasing variety of synoptic-climatological investigations, and steps above from the troposphere. After introducing the international activity within the field of circulation classifications, the COST733 Action, we briefly describe outputs of the inventory of classifications in Europe, which was carried out within the Action. Approaches to the evaluation of classifications and their mutual comparisons are also reviewed. A considerable part of the review is devoted to three examples of applications of circulation classifications: in historical climatology, in analyses of recent climate variations, and in analyses of outputs from global climate models.

关键词： classification atmospheric circulation circulation types synoptic climatology cluster analysis principal component analysis climate change climate modeling historical climatology statistical climatology

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modeling and analysis of security protocols using role based specifications and Petri nets

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29th international conference on Applications and theory of Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency

作者： Bouroulet, Roland Devillers, Raymond Klaudel, Hanna Pelz, Elisabeth Pommereau, Franck Univ Paris Est LACL 61 Av Gen Gaulle F-94010 Creteil France Univ Libre Bruxelles Dept Informat Brussels CP212 Belgium Univ Evry IBISC F-91025 Evry France

ISBN: (纸本)9783540687450

In this paper, we introduce a framework composed of a syntax and its compositional Petri net semantics, for the specification and verification of properties (like authentication) of security protocols. the protocol agents (e.g., an initiator, a responder, a server, a trusted third party, ...) are formalized as roles, each of them having a predefined behavior depending on their global and also local knowledge (including for instance public, private and shared keys), and may interact in a potentially hostile environment. the main characteristics of our framework, is that it makes explicit, structured and formal, the usually implicit information necessary to analyse the protocol, for instance the public and private context of execution. the roles and the environment are expressed using SPL processes and compositionally translated into high-level Petri nets, while the context specifying the global and local knowledge of the participants in the protocol is used to generate the corresponding initial marking (with respect to the studied property). Finally, this representation is used to analyse the protocol properties, applying techniques of simulation and model-checking on Petri nets. the complete approach is illustrated on the case study of the Kao-Chow authentication protocol.

关键词： security protocols formal specification process algebras Petri nets

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Uncovering Hidden Spatial Patterns by Hidden Markov Model

Uncovering Hidden Spatial Patterns by Hidden Markov Model

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5th international conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Huang, Ruihong Kennedy, Christina No Arizona Univ Dept Geog Planning & Recreat Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783540874720

Many spatial data mining and spatial modeling approaches use Euclidean distance in modeling spatial dependence. Although meaningful and convenient, Euclidean distance has weaknesses. these include providing an over simplified representation of spatial dependence, being limited to certain spatial pattern and symmetrical relationships, being unable to account for cross-class dependencies, and unable to work with categorical especially multinomial data. this paper introduces Hidden Markov Model (HMM) as an attractive approach to uncovering hidden spatial patterns. the HMM assumes that a hidden state (factor or process) generates observable symbols (indicators). this doubly embedded stochastic approach uncovers hidden states based on observed symbol sequences using two integrated sets of probabilities, transition probability and emission probability. As an alternative to Euclidean distance based approaches, the HMM measures spatial dependency by transition probabilities and cross-class correlation better capturing geographic context. HMM works with data of any measurement scale and dimension. To demonstrate the method, we assume urban spatial structure as a hidden spatial factor underlying single family housing unit prices in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, we then use the HMM to uncover four hidden spatial states from home sale prices.

关键词： GIS Hidden Markov Model spatial modeling data mining

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Modelling genetic regulatory networks

Modelling genetic regulatory networks

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international conference on System Simulation and Scientific Computing, ICSC

作者： Le Yu Zhong Su Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing China

A genetic regulatory network (GRN) is a dynamic system to describe interactions among a large number of different substances in a living biological cell. there have been numerous attempts to model the dynamical behaviour of genetic regulatory networks. Boolean models are a class of discrete models for modelling genetic regulatory networks, which are conditioned on the premise that genes interact with each other through Boolean logic. As mentioned previously, Boolean models include Boolean Networks, Instantaneously Random Probabilistic Boolean Networks and context-Sensitive Boolean Networks. there are a large number of issues surrounding Boolean models, including Boolean Networks and Probabilistic Boolean Networks. the model inference is the procedure of determining whether the modelled networks are consistent with the given data sample, and choosing one model, from among many, that makes more sense for the data. this paper has reviewed the research into modelling gene regulatory networks, especially upon Boolean models.

关键词： Genetics Biological system modeling Mathematical model Genomics Bioinformatics Predictive models Gene expression Biology computing Computer networks Computational modeling

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context-Driven Testing Approach for Composability of Simulation Model

Context-Driven Testing Approach for Composability of Simulat...

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Asia Simulation conference 2008/the 7th international conference on System Simulation and Scientific Computing（ICSC‘2008）

作者： Yifan Zhu the National University of Defense Technology,Changsha,Hunan Province,410073,China Qun Li the National University of Defense Technology,Changsha,Hunan Province,410073,China Chao Chen the National University of Defense Technology,Changsha,Hunan Province,410073,China

Testing is an important aspect in effectiveness verification of the composability of simulation model. this paper introduces a context-driven testing approach that supports to confirm and improve the composability of model in composable simulation research. context-driven testing is a feasible approach that specifies model test framework and algorithms of constraint modeling for test on three hierarchical phases. On the system phase, taking the basic task as testing element, model test judges the satisfactory of composed simulation model's behavior to the real requirements. On the component phase, taking interaction between models as testing element, model test judges the correctness of interactions depending on match degree between event expression and real event sequence. On the element phase, taking internal behavior of entity as testing element, model test analyzes the causes that make test condition dissatisfied on the system phase and component phase. the context-driven testing approach supports conformation of model composability powerfully.

关键词： ECA frame context-Driven Testing Approach for Composability of Simulation Model Model

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An integrated and collaborative approach for complex product development in distributed heterogeneous environment

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international JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH 2008年第9期46卷 2345-2361页

作者： Wang, H. W. Zhang, H. M. Tsinghua Univ CIMS ERC Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Multidisciplinary collaborative modeling and simulation is an effective approach to verify the dynamic behaviour of a complex product such as an aerospace vehicle or a locomotive. the design environment of such products must cater for the requirement for geographical distribution and structural heterogeneity in the modern industrial context. the focus of our research is a solution for such a collaborative modeling and simulation environment. Our approach is to utilize the IEEE standard High Level Architecture for distributed simultaneous simulation execution and management. At the same time, Web services technology is employed to deploy and integrate functional models for the simulation. the method for model description in this framework is proposed. the techniques for simulation execution and service encapsulation are discussed. A prototype system is implemented and a case study of locomotive tilting component design is executed. We find that both High Level Architecture and Web services have their expertise for collaborative simulation and the integration of these two technologies does achieve better interoperability and reusability among heterogeneous simulation components in a distributed environment. the new approach has considerable promise for the efficient and successful complex product design.

关键词： collaborative modeling and simulation high level architecture web services complex product design

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A statistical relational model for trust learning 08

A statistical relational model for trust learning

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Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems - Volume 2

作者： Achim Rettinger Matthias Nickles Volker Tresp University of Munich Garching Germany University of Bath Bath UK Corporate Technology Siemens AG Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780981738116

We address the learning of trust based on past observations and context information. We argue that from the truster's point of view trust is best expressed as one of several relations that exist between the agent to be trusted (trustee) and the state of the environment. Besides attributes expressing trustworthiness, additional relations might describe commitments made by the trustee with regard to the current situation, like: a seller offers a certain price for a specific product. We show how to implement and learn contextsensitive trust using statistical relational learning in form of the Infinite Hidden Relational Trust Model (IHRTM). the practicability and effectiveness of our approach is evaluated empirically on user-ratings gathered from eBay. Our results suggest that (i) the inherent clustering achieved in the algorithm allows the truster to characterize the structure of a trust-situation and provides meaningful trust assessments; (ii) utilizing the collaborative filtering effect associated with relational data does improve trust assessment performance; (iii) by learning faster and transferring knowledge more effectively we improve cold start performance and can cope better with dynamic behavior in open multiagent systems. the later is demonstrated with interactions recorded from a strategic two-player negotiation scenario.

关键词： trust modeling relational learning computational trust

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using CBIR and semantics in 3D-model retrieval

Using CBIR and semantics in 3D-model retrieval

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international conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT)

作者： Raoul Pascal Pein Milton Amador Joan Lu Renz Wolfgang Department of Informatics University of Huddersfield Huddersfield United Kingdom Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Hamburg University of Applied Sciences Hamburg Germany Dept. IW-SE European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company EADS Innovation Works Munich Germany Multimedia Systems Laboratory (MMLab) Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Hamburg University of Applied Sciences Berliner Tor 7 20099 Germany

this paper proposes a generic design for 3D model retrieval. It has been developed in cooperation with EADS, which deals with Computer Aided Design / Computer Aided Engineering (below CAD/CAE) data through the product life cycle. Sharing these models with users across the enterprise is a challenging task. CAD/CAE models may be hundreds of megabytes large and stored in proprietary formats. Browsing and previewing this data efficiently requires new tools. One way to leverage the collaboration in and outside of CAD domains is to offer through a repository an access to a neutral 3D data format. Also functionalities for semantic enrichment of 3D models, for the retrieval of context sensitive information and for 3D model retrieval based on 3D similarity search and CBIR techniques should be provided.

关键词： three dimensional displays Solid modeling Design automation Distributed databases Search engines Engines Feature extraction

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modeling parallel and reactive empathy in virtual agents: an inductive approach 08

Modeling parallel and reactive empathy in virtual agents: an...

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Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems - Volume 1

作者： Scott W. McQuiggan Jennifer L. Robison Robert Phillips James C. Lester North Carolina State University Raleigh NC North Carolina State University Raleigh NC and Applied Research Associates Raleigh NC

ISBN: (纸本)9780981738109

Humans continuously assess one another's situational context, modify their own affective state, and then respond based on these outcomes through empathetic expression. Virtual agents should be capable of similarly empathizing with users in interactive environments. A key challenge posed by empathetic reasoning in virtual agents is determining whether to respond with parallel or reactive empathy. Parallel empathy refers to mere replication of another's affective state, whereas reactive empathy exhibits greater cognitive awareness and may lead to incongruent emotional responses (i.e., emotions different from the recipient's and perhaps intended to alter negative affect). Because empathy is not yet sufficiently well understood, it is unclear as to which type of empathy is most effective and under what circumstances they should be applied. Devising empirically informed models of empathy from observations of "empathy in action" may lead to virtual agents that can accurately respond in social *** paper proposes a unified inductive framework for modeling parallel and reactive empathy. First, in training sessions, a trainer guides a virtual agent through a series of problem-solving tasks in a learning environment and encounters empathetic characters. the proposed inductive architecture tracks situational data including actions, visited locations, intentions, and the trainer's physiological responses to generate models of empathy. Empathy models are used to drive runtime situation-appropriate empathetic behaviors by selecting suitable parallel or reactive empathetic expressions. An empirical evaluation of the approach in an interactive learning environment suggests that the induced empathy models can accurately assess social contexts and generate appropriate empathetic responses for virtual agent control.

关键词： affective reasoning human-computer interaction empathy machine learning intelligent virtual agents

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