the possibility of recognition and discrimination of relatively large charged supermolecular objects (latex species) by an oppositely charged polyion is demonstrated using a suspension of carboxylated and protein-modi...
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the possibility of recognition and discrimination of relatively large charged supermolecular objects (latex species) by an oppositely charged polyion is demonstrated using a suspension of carboxylated and protein-modified latex particles interacting withthe high molecular mass linear polycations including those conjugated withthe specific protein (alpha-chymotrypsin). the polycations are strongly adsorbed on the latex surface. Nevertheless, they are able to migrate between the latex species via occasional interparticle contacts. Finally, the interchanging polycations carrying the specific protein are fixed on those latex particles which carry the complementary protein receptor (trypsin inhibitor from soybean). the presence of other proteins does not hinder such interaction, the resulting effect is considered to mimic a physico-chemical aspect of recognition of target cells by macromolecules combined with relatively small molecular vector. Interaction of the target cell membrane with a polycation was simulated using negatively charged liposomes. It was found that polycations adsorbed on the surface of liquid liposomes can cause a significant charge asymmetry in the lipid bilayer due to transmembrane migration of negatively charged lipids from the inner to outer leaflet, At the same time the liposomal membrane integrity can be retained and adsorbed polycations can be replaced from the membrane by recomplexation with polyanion species. the established phenomena may be important for understanding the biological effects of polycations. Negatively charged liquid liposomes were also used to mimic interaction of cells with DNA-polycation and DNA-cationic surfactant complexes used to enhance plasmid DNA translocation. It was found that the complex of DNA withthe polycation carrying hydrophobic side groups interacted withthe liposomes without dissociation and adsorbed on the liposome surface as a whole.
In this paper different methods for the statistical modelling of time variant processes for interference analysis in radio network planning tools are presented. these methods will be pointed out exemplarily for two ne...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780336925
In this paper different methods for the statistical modelling of time variant processes for interference analysis in radio network planning tools are presented. these methods will be pointed out exemplarily for two network features, frequency hopping (FH) and base station power control (BTS power control). the methods are presently being implemented in a radio network planning tool used for planning the GSM network of Mannesmann Mobilfunk GmbH.
New methodology of R&D of micronano-robots (MNR) based on modelling of nonlinear master dissipative stochastic equations of MNR-motion with minimum entropy production is described. Methodology of R&D include h...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780335961
New methodology of R&D of micronano-robots (MNR) based on modelling of nonlinear master dissipative stochastic equations of MNR-motion with minimum entropy production is described. Methodology of R&D include hierarchical levels for description of dynamic behavior of MNR based on laws of microphysic, extraction of information from coherent states of MNR using QND-measurement (quantum non-demolition) processes, logic of intelligent dynamic behavior, optimal control of states and dynamic system theory of mechanical motion. On basis of non-linear dissipative equations of motion a new quantum postulate for description of MNR as open thermodynamic and quantum dynamic systems is introduced. Physical conditions for optimal intelligent control of thermodynamic and quantum systems are introduced. Intelligent thermodynamic behaviour of MNR from artificial life point of view has described. New (Lie-admissible non-Hermitian isotopic) non-linear mechanics with entropy exchange for this case used. thermodynamic stability conditions for MNR are developed. the role of QND-measurement processes in quantum optimal controlsystems of nano-robots is discussed. Dynamic simulation results of micro-robot motion with minimum production entropy in fluid are described.
Animal Health Economics is a relatively new discipline, which is progressively developing a solid framework of concepts, procedures, and data to support the decision-making process in optimizing animal health manageme...
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Animal Health Economics is a relatively new discipline, which is progressively developing a solid framework of concepts, procedures, and data to support the decision-making process in optimizing animal health management. Research in this field primarily deals withthree interrelated aspects: (1) quantifying the financial effects of animal disease, (2) developing methods for optimizing decisions when individual animals, herds or populations are affected, and (3) determining the costs and benefits of disease control measures. In the paper the four most common economic modelling techniques (i.e. partial budgeting, cost-benefit analysis, decision analysis, and systems simulation) are described and applied on three levels of veterinary decision making: the animal, herd, and national level. Outcomes so far are summarized, and shortcomings indicated and discussed. the importance of a close link between economics and epidemiology is stressed for future development, as well as the need and possibilities for an international exchange of models and procedures.
this paper reviews the past contributions of epidemiology and economics to the control of tickborne infections of cattle in Africa. the factors affecting successful and unsuccessful control are evaluated on a geograph...
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this paper reviews the past contributions of epidemiology and economics to the control of tickborne infections of cattle in Africa. the factors affecting successful and unsuccessful control are evaluated on a geographical and on a production systems basis, with particular reference to theileria parva infection. the paper then discusses four areas of the emerging disciplines of epidemiology and economics which are likely to play an important role in better control of tick-borne diseases in the future, and illustrates their potential contributions. the four areas are: predicting target populations for vaccines through the use of serological tests, determining the appropriate sampling strategy to quantify tick-borne infection prevalence, modelling distributions and dynamics of tick-borne infections and predicting the economic impact of tick-borne diseases and their control.
Inventory management is one of the success stories of recent years and it is changing rapidly in response to international competition and new technology. this paper examines some of these developments. Inventory is a...
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Inventory management is one of the success stories of recent years and it is changing rapidly in response to international competition and new technology. this paper examines some of these developments. Inventory is a major investment in most companies. It strongly influences the internal flexibility of a company, e.g. by allowing production levels to change easily and by providing good delivery performance to customers. Yet inventory ties up working capital and space and it can suffer from obsolescence, deterioration and shrinkage. It can also add to administrative complexity. In recent years attention in manufacturing industry has concentrated on an 'inventory is waste' philosophy using JIT production, usually accompanied by visible 'pull' or consumer demand driven systems. the approach is also very effective in supermarket retailing and, at its best, provides very high stock turn and high profits to the company at the same time as providing good service and fresh items to customers at low cost, Current changes in inventory management consider the total logistics chain under the term logistics management, place a greater emphasis on purchasing rather than producing in-house and use more international sourcing. Changes to recording methods include the use of different methods of information collection and processing, e.g. bar coding in retailing and manufacture and electronic exchange of information. control methods are more computer based and are becoming part of increasingly integrated systems. there are some obvious problems still to be solved. Procedures are needed to bring one-off analyses of inventory to become part of routine systems, work needs to be done to produce performance measures which are consistent between different levels of the organisation and the modelling of dynamic performance needs to become part of the design of our production-inventory systems. More fundamentally, we still do not know how to classify companies, let alone how to determine t
the necessity of integrating diversified functions and areas in modern manufacturing systems requires, due to its complexity, powerful and sophisticated methods, techniques and tools for the acquisition, modelling, pr...
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the necessity of integrating diversified functions and areas in modern manufacturing systems requires, due to its complexity, powerful and sophisticated methods, techniques and tools for the acquisition, modelling, processing, storage and dissimination of information. Recent progress in computer science, knowledge engineering, modelling and simulation, as well as in other related fields has to be closely monitored in order to identify, adopt, and eventually implement research results into the manufacturing systems of tomorrow. An important forum for the presentation and discussion of research results and advanced industrial implementations in the field of information technology in manufacturing was the 7th IFAC/IFIP/IFORS/IMACS/ISPE symposium on Information control Problems in Manufacturing Technology held in Toronto, May 25-28, 1992. this paper gives a condensed presentation of the problems in this area, and introduces a block of selected papers from the symposium.
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