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Proceeding of the ACM SIGPLAN symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming, PPOPP

Proceeding of the ACM SIGPLAN symposium on principles and pr...

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8th ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and Practice of parallel Programming

the proceedings contains 14 papers from the conference on the Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN symposium on principles and practice of parallel Programming, PPOPP. Topics discussed include: reference idempotency analysis: a framework for optimizing speculative execution;pointer and escape analysis for multithread programs;language support for motion-order matrices;efficient load balancing for wide-area divide-and-conquer applications;scalable queue-based spin locks with timeout;contention ellimination by replication of sequential sections in distributed shared memory programs;and accurate data redistribution cost estimation in software distributes shared memory systems.

关键词： parallel processing systems

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An efficient recovery scheme for mobile computing environments

An efficient recovery scheme for mobile computing environmen...

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8th International Conference on parallel and distributed Systems (ICPADS 2001)

作者： Park, T Woo, N Yeom, HY Sejong Univ Dept Comp Engn Seoul 143747 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0769511538

this paper presents an efficient recovery scheme based on checkpointing and message logging for mobile computing systems. For the efficient management of checkpoints and message logs, a movement-based scheme is proposed. Mobile hosts carrying their recovery information to the nearby mobile support station can recover instantly in case of a failure, however, the cost to transfer the recovery information must be high. On the other hand, the recovery information remaining dispersed over a number of support stations visited by mobile hosts must incur very high recovery cost. To balance the failure;free operation cost and the recovery cost, in the proposed scheme, the recovery information of a mobile host remains at the visited support stations while the host moves within a certain range. Only when the host moves out of the range, the recovery information is transferred to a nearby mobile support station. As a result, the proposed scheme can control the information transfer cost as well as the recovery cost.

关键词： distributed systems fault-tolerance mobile computing message logging asynchronous recovery

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Failure detection mechanism for distributed object computing using CORBA

Failure detection mechanism for distributed object computing...

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8th Pacific Rim International symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC 2001)

作者： Su, WC Wang, SC Kuo, SY Natl Taiwan Univ Dept Elect Engn Taipei 10764 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0769514146

With the great progress of distributed object computing, more and more large systems are built using this technology. thus fault tolerance for distributed object computing is obviously a significant research domain. the Object Management Group (OMG) had recently published the "Fault Tolerant CORBA Specification V1.0". this specification defines how to achieve fault tolerance for distributed object computing using object group, and failure detection is one of the key elements for fault management, But the specification does not depict much about failure detection and leaves many specific details to venders. In this paper, we propose a simple mechanism for failure detection in distributed object computing. this mechanism is designed to be general rather than application-specific, with no single point of failure, and efficient. While the failure detectors may also crash during operating, we propose a method to handle this condition and to ensure the "no single point of failure" feature. the proposed mechanism has been implemented using CORBA to demonstrate that it works well.

关键词： Common object request broker architecture (CORBA)

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Contention elimination by replication of sequential sections in distributed shared memory programs 01

Contention elimination by replication of sequential sections...

引用

8th ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and Practice of parallel Programming

作者： Lu, H. Cox, A.L. Zwaenepoel, W. Department of Computer Science Rice University Houston TX 77005 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781581133462

In shared memory programs contention often occurs at the transition between a sequential and a parallel section of the code. As all threads start executing the parallel section, they often access data just modified by the thread that executed the sequential section, causing a flurry of data requests to converge on that processor. We address this problem in a software distributed shared memory system by replicating the execution of the sequential sections on all processors. Communication during this replicated sequential execution is reduced by using multicast. We have implemented replicated sequential execution with multicast support in OpenMP/NOW, a version of of OpenMP that runs on networks of workstations. We do not rely on compile-time data analysis, and therefore we can handle irregular and pointer-based applications. We show significant improvement for two pointer-based applications that suffer from severe contention without replicated sequential execution.

关键词： parallel processing systems

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Frequency interpolation methods for accelerating parallel EMC analysis 15

Frequency interpolation methods for accelerating parallel EM...

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15th International parallel and distributed processing symposium, IPDPS 2001

作者： Homma, K. Nagase, K. Noro, M. Strazdins, P.E. Yamagajo, T. Secure Computing Laboratory Computer System Laboratories Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd. Japan Technology Development Group Fujitsu Ltd. Japan Department of Computer Science Australian National University Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0769509908

Electro-magnetic field analysis applications based on the Method of Moments can be used to simulate the emissions for electrical devices such as a printed circuit board, a combination of circuit boards and wire connecting boards, or even a cabinet. At the heart of such applications is a solver, which solves a symmetric indefinite dense linear system of size N assembled from the model of the electrical device. the main computational challenges lie in the solver stage, where an O(N3) computation is required for the direct solution of the linear system about a central frequency ωc. For the direct solution we use a general symmetric matrix factorization algorithm, requiring N3/3 + O(N2) FLOPs. this algorithm's efficiency is demonstrated by its parallel speedup of 5 for moderate sized matrices on an 8 node AP3000. Some of this cost can be amortized using the fast frequency stepping method, where the system can be solved for nearby frequencies ω by O(N2) iterative methods, using the solution at ωc as a preconditioner. Due to the high parallel efficiency of the direct method, the frequency stepping method reduced parallel solution time by a factor of 2 for moderate-sized matrices, with larger improvements expected for large matrices. © 2001 ieee.

关键词： Matrix algebra

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Accurate data redistribution cost estimation in software distributed shared memory systems 01

Accurate data redistribution cost estimation in software dis...

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8th ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and Practice of parallel Programming

作者： Morris III, D.G. Lowenthal, D.K. Hewlett-Packard Company 19447 Pruneridge Avenue Cupertino CA 95014 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781581133462

Distributing data is one of the key problems in implementing efficient distributed-memory parallel programs. the problem becomes more difficult in programs where data redistribution between computational phases is considered. the global data distribution problem is to find the optimal distribution in multi-phase parallel programs. Solving this problem requires accurate knowledge of data redistribution cost. We are investigating this problem in the context of a software distributed shared memory (SDSM) system, in which obtaining accurate redistribution cost estimates is difficult. this is because SDSM communication is implicit: It depends on access patterns, page locations, and the SDSM consistency protocol. We have developed integrated compile- and run-time analysis for SDSM systems to determine accurate redistribution cost estimates with low overhead. Our resulting system, SUIF-Adapt, can efficiently and accurately estimate execution time, including redistribution, to within 5% of the actual time in all of our test cases and is often much closer. these precise costs enable SUIF-Adapt to find efficient global data distributions in multiple-phase programs.

关键词： parallel processing systems

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An adaptive failure detection protocol

An adaptive failure detection protocol

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8th Pacific Rim International symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC 2001)

作者： Fetzer, C Raynal, M Tronel, F AT&T Florham Pk NJ 07932 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769514146

the detection of process failures is a crucial problem system designers have to cope with in order to build fault-tolerant distributed platforms. Unfortunately, it is impossible to distinguish with certainty a crashed process from a very slow process in a purely asynchronous distributed system. this prevents some problems to be solved in such systems. that is why failure detector oracles have been introduced to circumvent these impossibility results. this paper presents a relatively simple protocol that allows a process to "monitor" another process, and consequently to detect its crash. this protocol enjoys the nice property to rely as much as possible on application messages to do this monitoring. Differently from previous process crash detection protocols, it uses control messages only when no application messages is sent by the monitoring process to the observed process. this protocol has noteworthy features. When the underlying system satisfies the partial synchrony assumption, it actually implements an eventually perfect failure detector (i.e., a failure detector of the class usually denoted lozengeP). Moreover, if the average observed transmission delay is finite and the upper lay er application terminates within a bounded number of steps for any failure detector in lozengeP after the failure detector becomes "perfect", then, when run with the proposed protocol, it also terminates correctly. these properties make the protocol attractive: it is inexpensive, implementable, and powerful. the paper also describes performance measurements of an implementation of the protocol.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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A scheduling mechanism for lock-free operation of a lightweight process library for SMP computers

A scheduling mechanism for lock-free operation of a lightwei...

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8th International Conference on parallel and distributed Systems

作者： Oguma, H. Nakayama, Y. Department of Computer Science The Univ. of Electro-Communications Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan

We have designed and implemented a lightweight process (thread) library called "Lesser Bear" for SMP computers. Lesser Bear has high portability and thread-level parallelism. Lesser Bear executes threads in parallel by creating UNIX processes as virtual processors and a memory-mapped file as a huge shared-memory space. To schedule thread in parallel, the shared-memory space has been divided into working spaces for each virtual processor, and a ready queue has been distributed. But the previous version of Lesser Bear sometimes requires a lock operation for dequeueing. We therefore proposed a scheduling mechanism that does not require a lock operation. To achieve this, each divided space forms a rotatory topology through the queue, and we use a lock-free algorithm for the queue operation. this mechanism is applied to Lesser Bear and evaluated by experimental results.

关键词： parallel processing systems

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An agent-based implementation of irregular pyramid for distributed image segmentation

An agent-based implementation of irregular pyramid for distr...

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8th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2001)

作者： Duchesnay, Edouard Montois, Jean-Jacques Jacquelet, Yann Kinie, Abel LTSI/GRAID Université de Rennes 1 IUT de Rennes-Saint-Malo Rue de la Croix Désilles 35409 Saint-Malo France

In this paper we propose a solution to handle two problems inducted by the growth of the complexity of machine vision systems: (i) the need of a robust, open and flexible framework to control various descriptive and operational knowledge;(ii) the necessity to have a architecture which offer parallel processing that can be easily scaled to an evolving underlying hardware. We propose an agent society, implemented in the Java language, that is organized as an irregular pyramid for many reasons: (i) agent provides an abstraction to encapsulate reactive or cognitive processing;(ii) the pyramid proposes a formal graph-based approach to ensure global and distributed goal satisfaction. the evaluation of the architecture, performed on a X scanner breast image, shows up good quality results and parallel processing abilities.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Rejuvenation and failure detection in partitionable systems

Rejuvenation and failure detection in partitionable systems

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8th Pacific Rim International symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC 2001)

作者： Fetzer, C Högstedt, K AT&T Labs Res Florham Pk NJ 07932 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769514146

Certain gateways (e.g., some cable or DSL modems) are known to have low reliability and low availability. Most failures of these devices can however be "fixed" by rejuvenating the device after a failure has been detected. Such a detection based rejuvenation strategy permits increasing the availability of these gateways. In the considered scenario, rejuvenation is non-trivial since a failure of such a gateway will leave it partitioned away from the network. In particular, network operators that want to rejuvenate these gateways are in a different network partition, and can therefore not initiate a remote rejuvenation. In this paper we propose a failure detection based rejuvenation service and a remote detection service. the rejuvenation service detects and fixes "soft" failures automatically (in one partition), and the detection service detects (in another partition) all rejuvenations exactly once. within a bounded amount of time, even when the gateway is rejuvenated consecutively. the detection service also allows the detection of "hard" failures, and filtering of notifications of soft failures.

关键词： failure detection failure detection based rejuvenation distributed systems fault-tolerant systems home networking remote system management

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