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An Approach for Detecting Abnormal parallel Applications Based on Time Series Analysis Methods 12th

An Approach for Detecting Abnormal Parallel Applications Bas...

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12th international conference on parallel processing and applied mathematics (PPAM)

作者： Shaykhislamov, Denis Voevodin, Vadim Lomonosov Moscow State Univ Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319780245;9783319780238

the low efficiency of parallel program execution is one of the most serious problems in high-performance computing area. there are many researches and software tools aimed at analyzing and improving the performance of a particular program, but the task of detecting such applications that need to be analyzed is still far from being solved. In this research, methods for detecting abnormal behavior of the programs in the overall supercomputer task flow are being developed. there are no clear criteria for anomalous behavior, and also these criteria can differ significantly for different computing systems, therefore machine learning methods are being used. these methods take system monitoring data as an input, since they provide the most complete information about the dynamics of program execution. In this article we propose a method based on the time series analysis of dynamic characteristics describing the behavior of programs. In this method, the time series is divided into a set of intervals, where the anomalous ones are detected. After that the final classification of the entire application is performed based on the results of interval classification. the developed method is being tested on real-life data of the Petaflops-level Lomonosov-2 supercomputer.

关键词： High-performance computing Efficiency analysis parallel program Task flow Time series analysis Anomaly detection Machine learning

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Leaf Segmentation and 3D Reconstruction of ARAFIDOPSIS Based on MASK R-CNN

Leaf Segmentation and 3D Reconstruction of ARAFIDOPSIS Based...

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IIAI international conference on Advanced applied Informatics (IIAIAAI)

作者： Ding-Horng Chen Zun-Wei Zhang Tsai-Rong Chang Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728126289

Plant phenotypic analysis is the study of plant growth by measuring its morphological details. the traditional phenotypic analysis relies on human visual inspection and manual measurements. As a result, phenotypic characteristics that can be studied are limited and the analysis is time-consuming. Most of the phenotypic analyses are currently performed using 2D images of plants. the growth of the plant in 3D cannot be assessed. We first took photographs of the plant from above at two different angles to estimate its height. We then used the Mask R-CNN deep learning algorithm to identify and segment the plant leaves for characterization of the features. We used hand-marked outlines of the Arabidopsis leaf images as the model training set. We then tested four images to identify 81.5% of the leaves, with a leaf range correctness of 72.8%. Finally, a stereo algorithm was used to calculate the corresponding points of the leaves in the images taken at the two different angles to characterize the 3D phenotype and to build a 3D model of the plant.

关键词： biology computing botany convolutional neural nets image reconstruction image segmentation learning (artificial intelligence) solid modelling stereo image processing Stereo image processing biology computing entity modeling three-dimensional displays Botany plant growth image reconstruction image segmentation foliage Masks STK26 gene Model trains two dimentional images

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HighNyammer BBS Scaffolds the Development of Each Learner's Collective Cognitive Responsibility

HighNyammer BBS Scaffolds the Development of Each Learner's ...

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IIAI international conference on Advanced applied Informatics (IIAIAAI)

作者： Hideki Kondo Sayaka Tohyama Ayano Ohsaki Masayuki Yamada Learning and Teaching Center Kyushu Institute of Technology Fukuoka Japan Faculty of Informatics Shizuoka University Shizuoka Japan Graduate School of Industrial Technology Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Practitioners in Education Seisa University Kanagawa Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728126289

It is well known that contributions from each learner's "collective cognitive responsibility" are essential in collaborative knowledge creation. this study examined whether real-time feedback can enhance collective cognitive responsibility. To consider this question, we hypothesized that attaining higher values of betweenness centrality in subjects' relationships reflects an improvement in collective cognitive responsibility; therefore, we developed a bulletin board system (BBS) to calculate values of betweenness centrality using network-analysis methodology in real-time. the research target was a student-staff community working for "Classroom-M" that used the BBS, which we called "HighNyammer," for information-sharing among students and staff members; it revealed the real-time value of betweenness centrality for each participant, based on relationships between the authors of posted articles. the results of this HighNyammer trial and a survey on four student-staff members demonstrated the potential effectiveness of this function, especially for novice workers. the value of betweenness centrality indicated each individual's position within the community.

关键词： cognition computer aided instruction educational administrative data processing groupware social networking (online) educational administrative data processing computer-assisted instruction Groupware electronic bulletin boards Cognition Responsibility Information Sharing Intelligence

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I'm Sure! Automatic Detection of Metacognition in Online Course Discussion Forums

I'm Sure! Automatic Detection of Metacognition in Online Cou...

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international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction and Workshops, ACII

作者： Eddie Huang Hannah Valdiviejas Nigel Bosch University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL USA School of Information Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL USA

Metacognition is a valuable tool for learning, since it is closely related to self-regulation and awareness of one's own affect. However, methods for automatically detecting and studying metacognition are scarce. thus, in this paper we describe an algorithm for automatic detection of metacognitive language in writing. We analyzed text from the forums of two online, university-level science courses, which revealed common patterns of phrases that we used for automatic metacognition detection. the algorithm we developed exhibited high accuracy on expert-labeled metacognitive phrases (Spearman's rho = 0.878 and Cohen's kappa = 0.792), and provides a reliable, fast method for automatically annotating text corpora that are too large for manual annotation. We applied this algorithm to analyze relationships between students' metacognitive language and their academic performance, finding small correlations with course grade and medium-sized differences in metacognition across courses. We discuss how our algorithm can be used to advance metacognitive studies and online educational systems.

关键词： Discussion forums Cognition Natural language processing Tools STEM Psychology Reliability

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Almost Optimal Column-wise Prefix-sum Computation on the GPU 12th

Almost Optimal Column-wise Prefix-sum Computation on the GPU

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12th international conference on parallel processing and applied mathematics (PPAM)

作者： Tokura, Hiroki Fujita, Toru Nakano, Koji Ito, Yasuaki Hiroshima Univ Dept Informat Engn Kagamiyama 1-4-1 Higashihiroshima 7398527 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783319780542;9783319780535

the row-wise and column-wise prefix-sum computation of a matrix has many applications in the area of image processing such as computation of the summed area table and the Euclidean distance map. It is known that the prefix-sums of a 1-dimensional array can be computed efficiently on the GPU. Hence, the row-wise prefix-sums of a matrix can also be computed efficiently on the GPU by executing this prefix-sum algorithm for every row in parallel. However, the same approach does not work well for computing the column-wise prefix-sums, because inefficient stride memory access to the global memory is performed. the main contribution of this paper is to present an almost optimal column-wise prefix-sum algorithm on the GPU. Since all elements in an input matrix must be read and the resulting prefix-sums must be written, computation of the column-wise prefix-sums cannot be faster than simple matrix duplication in the global memory of the GPU. Quite surprisingly, experimental results using NVIDIA TITAN X show that our column-wise prefix-sum algorithm runs only 2-6% slower than matrix duplication. thus, our column-wise prefix-sum algorithm is almost optimal.

关键词： Prefix computation parallel algorithms GPU CUDA

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What is Stablecoin?: A Survey on Price Stabilization Mechanisms for Decentralized Payment Systems

What is Stablecoin?: A Survey on Price Stabilization Mechani...

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IIAI international conference on Advanced applied Informatics (IIAIAAI)

作者： Makiko Mita Kensuke Ito Shohei Ohsawa Hideyuki Tanaka Daisy inc. Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan The Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies and the Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728126289

Since the first theoretical concept of blockchains was proposed, over 100 digital currencies have been issued by online platformers as cryptocurrencies and traded by online consumers mainly in emerging countries. From the perspective of online payment systems, several studies have regarded blockchains as decentralized payment systems (DPSs), enabling international payment with lower cost and higher traceability with sophisticated peer-to-peer protocols in contrast to other centralized systems. Despite the advantages, DPSs are not chosen by the owners of online shops due to the high volatility of cryptocurrency prices. Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies with price stabilization mechanisms to match the price of another currency with lower volatility. Our motivation is to gather various price stabilization mechanisms for the purpose of comparing them from the perspective of implementation and enterprise usage. After dividing the methods into four collateral types (fiat, crypto, commodity, and non-collateralized) and two layers (protocol and application), we show that non-collateralized stablecoin on the application layer is the simplest approach for implementation. Moreover, we discuss their connection with traditional economic studies on Hayek money, Seigniorage Share, and Tobin tax. Some current stablecoin projects are also discussed and compared. this is the first survey of stablecoins to the best of our knowledge.

关键词： cryptocurrencies distributed databases electronic commerce financial data processing peer-to-peer computing protocols Financial data processing Payment systems Peer to peer computing distributed databases electronic commerce fare policy protocols application layer Internet shopping Money Perspective

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Series/parallel Switching Circuits Using Power MOSFETs for Photovoltaic Modules 8

Series/Parallel Switching Circuits Using Power MOSFETs for P...

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8th international Power Electronics conference (IPEC-Niigata) / Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE Asia)

作者： Tanemo, Masamichi Matsudate, Koki Nomura, Shinichi Meiji Univ Sch Sci & Technol Kawasaki Kanagawa Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9784886864055

this work discusses the feasibility of the series/parallel switching circuits using power MOSFETs in order to minimize the output power reduction of the photovoltaic power system due to the partial shading by connecting the shaded panels to the adjacent panel in parallel. From the experimental results: 1) When one of the photovoltaic panels is shaded at least, 50% of the reduction ratio of the solar radiation intensity becomes the lower limit of the threshold values for the series/parallel switching control. 2) the effect of the series/parallel switching control can be more expected when more than two of the photovoltaic panels are shaded. However, the sum of the solar radiation intensity applied to the panels in the parallel circuit should be less than 150% of the maximum intensity of the photovoltaic power system. 3) the shaded panel which should be connected to the adjacent panel in parallel can be detected by the bypass current measurements. the authors developed a switching circuit module prototype and carried out the operation tests using three photovoltaic panels. From the results, the switching circuit module successfully detects the partial shading conditions and switches from the series operation mode to the parallel operation mode.

关键词： Partial shading detection photovoltaic power system power MOSFET series/parallel switching control

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Using GPGPU Accelerated Interpolation Algorithms for Marine Bathymetry processing with On-Premises and Cloud Based Computational Resources 12th

Using GPGPU Accelerated Interpolation Algorithms for Marine ...

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12th international conference on parallel processing and applied mathematics (PPAM)

作者： Marcellino, Livia Montella, Raffaele Kosta, Sokol Galletti, Ardelio Di Luccio, Diana Santopietro, Vincenzo Ruggieri, Mario Lapegna, Marco D'Amore, Luisa Laccetti, Giuliano Univ Napoli Parthenope Dept Sci & Technol Naples Italy Univ Napoli Federico II Dept Math & Applicat Naples Italy Aalborg Univ CMI Copenhagen Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9783319780542;9783319780535

Data crowdsourcing is one of most remarkable results of pervasive and internet connected low-power devices making diverse and different "things" as a world wide distributed system. this paper is focused on a vertical application of GPGPU virtualization software exploitation targeted on high performance geographical data interpolation. We present an innovative implementation of the Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) interpolation algorithm leveraging on CUDA GPGPUs. We perform tests in both physical and virtualized environments in order to demonstrate the potential scalability in production. We present an use case related to high resolution bathymetry interpolation in a crowdsource data context.

关键词： GPGPU Virtualization High performance computing Geographic data Interpolation

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Fault-Tolerance Mechanisms for the Java parallel Codes Implemented with the PCJ Library 12th

Fault-Tolerance Mechanisms for the Java Parallel Codes Imple...

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12th international conference on parallel processing and applied mathematics (PPAM)

作者： Szynkiewicz, Michal Nowicki, Marek Nicolaus Copernicus Univ Fac Math & Comp Sci Chopina 12-18 PL-87100 Torun Poland Univ Warsaw Interdisciplinary Ctr Math & Computat Modelling Pawinskiego 5a PL-02106 Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319780542;9783319780535

parallel programs run on multiple processor systems with hundreds and thousands of cores. Because of a large number of nodes, failure can happen quite often, sometimes within hours. this makes fault-tolerance a crucial concern for nowadays HPC solutions. PCJ library is one of the most successful Java solutions allowing to parallelize large scale computations up to thousands of cores. this paper describes a minimal overhead failure discovery and mitigation mechanisms introduced to the PCJ library. Our implementation provides a programmer with a basic functionality to detect a node failure. Java exception mechanism and local node monitoring are used to detect execution problems. the problems are presented to the programmer through easy to use extensions. In the result, the programmer does not have to deal with low-level programming. the detailed scenario how to recover from the failure has to be decided and implemented by the programmer.

关键词： Java Fault tolerance High performance computing Partitioned Global Address Space

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Load Balancing for Particle-in-Cell Plasma Simulation on Multicore Systems 12th

Load Balancing for Particle-in-Cell Plasma Simulation on Mul...

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12th international conference on parallel processing and applied mathematics (PPAM)

作者： Larin, Anton Bastrakov, Sergey Bashinov, Aleksei Efimenko, Evgeny Surmin, Igor Gonoskov, Arkady Meyerov, Iosif Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhni Novgorod Nizhnii Novgorod Russia Russian Acad Sci Inst Appl Phys Nizhnii Novgorod Russia Chalmers Univ Technol Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9783319780245;9783319780238

Particle-in-cell plasma simulation is an important area of computational physics. the particle-in-cell method naturally allows parallel processing on distributed and shared memory. In this paper we address the problem of load balancing on multicore systems. While being well-studied for many traditional applications of the method, it is a relevant problem for the emerging area of particle-in-cell simulations with account for effects of quantum electrodynamics. Such simulations typically produce highly non-uniform, and sometimes volatile, particle distributions, which could require custom load balancing schemes. In this paper we present a computational evaluation of several standard and custom load balancing schemes for the particle-in-cell method on a high-end system with 96 cores on shared memory. We use a test problem with static non-uniform particle distribution and a real problem with account for quantum electrodynamics effects, which produce dynamically changing highly non-uniform distributions of particles and workload. For these problems the custom schemes result in increase of scaling efficiency by up to 20% compared to the standard OpenMP schemes.

关键词： parallel processing Load balancing OpenMP Particle-in-cell Plasma simulation Quantum electrodynamics

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