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distributed Spatiotemporal Suppression for Environmental Data Collection in Real-World sensor Networks

Distributed Spatiotemporal Suppression for Environmental Dat...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Evans, William C. Bahr, Alexander Martinoli, Alcherio Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Distributed Intelligent Syst & Algorithms Lab Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

Environmental processes are often severely over-sampled. As sensor networks become more ubiquitous for this purpose, increasing network longevity becomes ever more important. Radio transceivers in particular are a great source of energy consumption, and many networking algorithms have been proposed that seek to minimize their use. Traditionally, such approaches are often data agnostic, i.e., their performance is not dependent on the properties of the data they transport. In this paper we explore algorithms that exploit environmental relationships in order to reduce the amount of transmitted data while maintaining expected levels of accuracy. We employ a realistic testing environment for evaluating the power savings brought by such algorithms, based on sensorscope, a commercial sensor network product for environmental monitoring. We implement and test a suppression-based data collection algorithm from literature that to our knowledge has never been implemented on a real system, and propose modifications that make it more suitable for real-world conditions. Using a custom extension board developed for in situ power monitoring, we show that while the algorithms greatly reduce the amount of energy spent on transmitting packets, they have no effect on the real system's overall power consumption due to its preexisting network architecture.

关键词： environmental monitoring (geophysics) power consumption power measurement radio transceivers spatiotemporal phenomena telecommunication power management wireless sensor networks

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Coordinates Determination of Submerged sensors Using Cayley-Menger Determinant

Coordinates Determination of Submerged Sensors Using Cayley-...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Rahman, Anisur Muthukkumarasamy, Vallipuram Sithirasenan, Elankayer Sch. of Inf. &amp Commun. Technol. Griffith Univ. Gold Coast QLD Australia|c|

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

this paper investigates the problem of localizing submerged sensors and provides a new mechanism to determine the coordinates of those sensors using only one beacon node. In underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN), precise coordinate of the sensors that actuate or collect data is vital, as data without the knowledge of its actual origin has limited value. Mostly, multilateration technique is used to determine the location of the sensors with respect to three or more known beacon nodes where distance between them is measured considering the roundtrip time of acoustic signal. However, this method of measuring distances gives erroneous results due to a number of factors, including relative angular stand of the nodes. In this study, a new method of determining the underwater distances between beacon and sensor nodes has been presented using combined radio and acoustic signals, which has better immunity from multipath fading. Moreover, Cayley-Menger determinant is used to determine the coordinates of the nodes where none of nodes have a priori knowledge about its location. Simulation results validate the proposed mathematical models by computing coordinates of sensor nodes with negligible errors.

关键词： localization Cayley-Menger determinant underwater wireless sensor networks linearization

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Trade-offs of Forecasting Algorithm for Extending WSN Lifetime in a Real-world Deployment

Trade-offs of Forecasting Algorithm for Extending WSN Lifeti...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Aderohunmu, Femi A. Paci, Giacomo Brunelli, Davide Deng, Jeremiah D. Benini, Luca Purvis, Martin Univ Otago Dept Informat Sci Dunedin New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

Data reduction strategy is one of the schemes employed to extend network lifetime. In this paper we present an implementation of a light-weight forecasting algorithm for sensed data which saves packet transmission in the network. the proposed Naive algorithm achieves high energy savings with a limited computational overhead on a node. Simulation results from realistic Building monitoring application of WSN are compared with well-known prediction algorithms such as ARIMA, LMS and WMA models. We implemented a real-world deployment using 32bit mote-class device. Overall, up to 96% transmission reduction is achieved using our Naive method, while still able to maintain a considerable level of accuracy at 0.5 degrees C error bound and it is comparable in performance to the more complex models such as ARIMA, LMS and WMA.

关键词： autoregressive moving average processes data reduction least mean squares methods prediction theory radio transmitters sensor placement telecommunication network reliability wireless sensor networks

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A Node's Life: Increasing WSN Lifetime by Dynamic Voltage Scaling

A Node's Life: Increasing WSN Lifetime by Dynamic Voltage Sc...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Kulau, Ulf Buesching, Felix Wolf, Lars Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig Inst Operating Syst & Comp Networks D-38106 Braunschweig Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

In mobile applications, like wireless sensor networks, it is often inevitable to use a location-independent source of energy. Wherever the batteries capacity or inefficient energy harvesting limits the lifetime, other solutions have to be implemented to increase the energy efficiency. Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) is a well known technique with the ability to adapt the voltage level to the actual system load to save energy. While it has been used in many application areas, DVS has not been studied sufficiently for wireless sensor nodes. In this paper, we present a method to estimate the gain of DVS. We study DVS theoretically as well as in a practical manner, i.e., we using a prototype implementation of a DVS capable wireless sensor node. With the theoretical considerations we were able to optimize DVS for an 8-Bit ULP micro controller by a combination of DVS and dynamic power management (DPM). In addition, we proved the calculated results with an extensive practical evaluation of the concept using a prototypical implementation. Moreover, we analysed the effect of voltage scaling on other components of the sensor node (transceiver, sensors and memory).

关键词： wireless sensor node energy efficiency voltage scaling hardware architecture hardware design dvs

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Improving UWSNs security and data reliability using a cluster controlled mobility scheme

Improving UWSNs security and data reliability using a cluste...

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the international conference on Informatics and systems (INFOS)

作者： Amir S. Elsafrawey Emad S. Hassan Moawad I. Dessouky Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Menoufia University Menouf Egypt

this paper proposes a new Self-Healing scheme based on Cluster Controlled Mobility (SH-CCM) for UWSNs. the proposed SH-CCM scheme uses the idea of mobility within a cluster of sick sensors beside the idea of the hybrid cooperation between both reactive and proactive peers and these sick sensors. this increases the chance of finding health neighbours and as a result it enhances both data security and reliability. the proposed SH-CCM scheme will help the sick sensor to self-heal and restore its backward secrecy faster and better than the schemes without mobility. A set of simulation results are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SH-CCM scheme in the presence of a powerful, realistic adversary (ADV). the performance is measured in terms of compromising probability, probability of Bse (Backward Secrecy) to be compromised, and the data reliability. the obtained results ensure that the proposed scheme has a better performance over the conventional schemes without controlled mobility.

关键词： sensors Reliability Security Educational institutions Mobile communication Informatics distributed computing

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Crowdsensing Maps of On-Street Parking Spaces

Crowdsensing Maps of On-Street Parking Spaces

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Coric, Vladimir Gruteser, Marco Temple Univ Dept Comp & Informat Sci Philadelphia PA 19122 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

It has been estimated that traffic congestion costs the world economy hundreds of billions of dollars each year, increases pollution, and has a negative impact on the overall quality of life in metropolitan areas. A significant part of congestion in urban areas is due to vehicles searching for on-street parking. Detailed and accurate on-street parking maps can help drivers easily locate areas with large numbers of legal parking spaces and thus relieve congestion. In this paper, we address the problem of mapping street parking spaces using vehicles' preinstalled parking sensors. In particular, we focus on identifying legal parking spaces from crowdsourced data, whereas earlier work has largely assumed that such maps of legal spaces are given. We demonstrate that crowdsensing data from vehicle parking sensors can be used to classify on-street areas into legal/illegal parking spaces. Based on more than 2 million data points collected in Highland Park, NJ and downtown Brooklyn, NY areas, we show that on-street parking maps can be estimated with an accuracy of similar to 90% using proposed weighted occupancy rate thresholding algorithm.

关键词： road traffic sensor placement traffic control

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On the Effectiveness of Energy Metering on Every Node

On the Effectiveness of Energy Metering on Every Node

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Li, Qiang Martins, Marcelo Gnawali, Omprakash Fonseca, Rodrigo Univ Houston Dept Comp Sci Houston TX 77004 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

Making wireless sensor node platforms energy-efficient is one of the major research thrusts in the sensor network community. Energy metering lies at the foundation of this research, either by providing direct measurements for profiling, or by serving as the base for the formulation and fitting of energy-usage models. Most of the literature and tools, however, make their measurements on a very small subset of the node population, and usually at a single point in time, before deployment. In this paper we set out to evaluate the cost, in loss of precision, of not having constant and ubiquitous measurement. through experiments on a 240-node sensor-network testbed, we find that the variations in energy consumption due to temperature change are small, and we establish a model between environmental temperature changes and power consumption of Quanto testbed motes. We also find that different nodes of the same kind can have up to 15% variation in power draw, suggesting a need to deploy instrumentation on a subset of nodes. We quantify the energy estimation error of different metering techniques and characterize the conditions in which the errors disappear. Overall, we find that a small number of measurements in time and across nodes is adequate for accurate estimation of network-wide energy use.

关键词： energy conservation power consumption power meters wireless sensor networks

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A Hybrid sensor System for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring

A Hybrid Sensor System for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Xiang, Yun Piedrahita, Ricardo Dick, Robert P. Hannigan, Michael Lv, Qin Shang, Li Univ Michigan Dept EECS Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

Indoor air quality is important. It influences human productivity and health. Personal pollution exposure can be measured using stationary or mobile sensor networks, but each of these approaches has drawbacks. Stationary sensor network accuracy suffers because it is difficult to place a sensor in every location people might visit. In mobile sensor networks, accuracy and drift resistance are generally sacrificed for the sake of mobility and economy. We propose a hybrid sensor network architecture, which contains both stationary sensors (for accurate readings and calibration) and mobile sensors (for coverage). Our technique uses indoor pollutant concentration prediction models to determine the structure of the hybrid sensor network. In this work, we have (1) developed a predictive model for pollutant concentration that minimizes prediction error;(2) developed algorithms for hybrid sensor network construction;and (3) deployed a sensor network to gather data on the airflow in a building, which are later used to evaluate the prediction model and hybrid sensor network synthesis algorithm. Our modeling technique reduces sensor network error by 40.4% on average relative to a technique that does not explicitly consider the inaccuracies of individual sensors. Our hybrid sensor network synthesis technique improves personal exposure measurement accuracy by 35.8% on average compared with a stationary sensor network architecture.

关键词： air pollution measurement mobility management (mobile radio) sensor placement wireless sensor networks

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Model-Driven Accuracy Bounds for Noisy sensor Readings

Model-Driven Accuracy Bounds for Noisy Sensor Readings

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Hasenfratz, David Saukh, Olga thiele, Lothar Swiss Fed Inst Technol Comp Engn & Networks Lab Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

Wireless sensor networks are increasingly used in application scenarios where a high data quality is inevitable, e.g., the control of industrial production areas. Nevertheless, many deployments must live with strict constraints regarding the sensing hardware and may not employ newest sensing technologies, e.g., due to limited energy budget, size, and bandwidth. Additionally, many applications would benefit from not only gathering absolute sensor readings but also knowing the quality of their low-cost sensor measurements. In this paper, we introduce a model-driven approach that (i) provides reliable accuracy bounds for individual noisy sensor readings and (ii) detects systematic and transient sensor errors. We apply our method to static and mobile real-world deployments of noisy and unstable low-cost sensors by analyzing large sets of urban temperature and ozone measurements. We find that the proposed algorithm successfully calculates precise accuracy bounds. We compare them to measurements of high-quality instruments and show that up to 96% of the reference measurements are inside the computed accuracy bounds in the static scenario and up to 94% in the mobile scenario. this is surprisingly high for the used low-cost sensors. By analyzing data from our static long-term deployment, we reveal that the ozone sensor's reliability is dependent on seasonal weather conditions.

关键词： wireless sensor networks

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Dynamic Reconfiguration of Wireless sensor Networks to Support Heterogeneous Applications

Dynamic Reconfiguration of Wireless Sensor Networks to Suppo...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Szczodrak, Marcin Gnawali, Omprakash Carloni, Luca P. Columbia Univ New York NY 10027 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

As larger numbers of Wireless sensor Network (WSN) applications get deployed in our homes and offices, it is desirable to use the same network to run different applications. We present and analyze the problem of scheduling and supporting the execution of multiple heterogeneous applications on top of the same WSN. First, we establish that using the same MAC or network protocol is not sufficient to obtain acceptable performance across a set of applications that require different types of communication services from the protocol stack (e.g., low-rate reliable many-to-one collection vs point-to-point low-latency bulk-data streaming). Hence, we propose a framework to dynamically reconfigure the WSN and adapt its power consumption, transmission reliability, and data throughput to the different requirements of the applications. the framework makes it possible to specify, at design time, distinct network, MAC and radio protocols for each application as well as the events and policies triggering the WSN reconfigurations. At run-time, the WSN automatically reconfigures itself in response to these events and according to these policies. through experiments on a 119-node testbed, we show that the proposed approach can reconfigure the whole network in few hundreds of milliseconds while incurring little memory and control overhead.

关键词： access protocols scheduling telecommunication network reliability wireless sensor networks

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