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Group Communication in Constrained Environments using CoAP-based Entities

Group Communication in Constrained Environments using CoAP-b...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Ishaq, Isam Hoebeke, Jeroen Van den Abeele, Floris Moerman, Ingrid Demeester, Piet Ghent Univ iMinds Dept Informat Technol INTEC Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is a new Internet protocol that is currently being standardized. CoAP allows access to the drastically increasing number of smart objects and their sensing resources from virtually anywhere. It is a light-weight protocol designed to cope with the restrictions imposed by the limited resources (CPU, memory, power,.) of many smart objects. Depending on the application, information from individual objects might not be sufficient, reliable, or useful. An application may need to aggregate and/or compare data from a group of objects in order to obtain accurate results. Although multicast may be used to transmit the same request to several objects, multicast communication with smart objects has some disadvantages. Programming individual requests is another solution but lacks flexibility and opportunities for reusability. In this paper we propose a novel CoAP-based approach for communication with a group of resources across multiple smart objects. this approach organizes the group of resources that should be accessed into a new CoAP resource, called an entity, and nicely integrates several important aspects of entity management: creation, validation, usage and manipulation. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach we present an implementation and experimental validation.

关键词： Internet of things CoAP sensors wireless sensor networks group communication entities

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Application Communication Reliability of Wireless sensor Networks Supporting K-coverage

Application Communication Reliability of Wireless Sensor Net...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Zonouz, Amir Ehsani Xing, Liudong Vokkarane, Vinod M. Sun, Yan (Lindsay) SE Massachusetts Univ Coll Engn Dartmouth MA 02747 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

Application communication in wireless sensor networks (WSN) depends on two important factors: acquisition of sensed data from a specific area, and network connectivity that concerns the reliable delivery of the observed data from sensor nodes to the sink node. In this paper, we consider the application communication reliability (ACR) of WSN supporting K-coverage in the presence of shadowing for a specific monitored area. the analytical evaluation of ACR involves two steps. We first identify all the K-coverage sets. then, we evaluate the communication reliability of delivering the observed data from sensor nodes within the identified K-coverage sets to the sink node. Two single-path routing algorithms, shortest-path distance algorithm and shortest-path hop algorithm, are considered for evaluating the communication reliability during the second step;their performances in terms of ACR and energy consumptions are compared through an empirical analysis of several examples. Different scenarios are considered to evaluate the impact of node density, channel condition and different monitored areas on ACR. Simulation and analytical results show that WSN using the shortest-path distance algorithm is more reliable than that using the shortest-path hop algorithm in most cases, but WSN using the shortest-path hop algorithm consumes less energy for delivering the sensed data to the sink node.

关键词： Wireless sensor network application communication reliability K-coverage energy consumption shadowing effects

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distributed Algorithm to Improve Coverage for Mobile Swarms of sensors

Distributed Algorithm to Improve Coverage for Mobile Swarms ...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Loscri, Valeria Natalizio, Enrico Razafindralambo, Tahiry Mitton, Nathalie Univ Calabria DEIS I-87036 Cosenza Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

In this paper we focus on the problem of dynamic event coverage. We assume that no knowledge about either event position or duration is given a priori. Nonetheless, the events need to be monitored and covered thanks to mobile wireless sensors. thus, mobile sensors have to discover the events and move towards a new Zone of Interest (ZoI) when the previous monitored event is over. An efficient, distributed and localized solution of this problem would be immediately exploitable by several applications domains, such as environmental, civil, etc. We propose two novel approaches to deal with dynamic event coverage. the first one is a modified version of the PSO, where particles (mobile sensors, nodes or devices in the following) update their velocity by using only local information coming from their neighbors. In practice, the velocity update is performed by considering neighbors' sensed events. Our distributed version of PSO is integrated with a distributed version of the Virtual Force Algorithm (VFA). Virtual Force approach has the ability to "position" nodes with no overlap, by using attractive and repulsive forces based on the distance between nodes. the other proposed algorithm is a distributed implementation of the VFA by itself. Both techniques are able to reach high levels of coverage and show a satisfying reactivity when the ZoI changes. this output parameter is measured as the capability for the sensors to "follow" a sequence of events happening in different ZoIs. the effectiveness of our techniques is shown through a series of simulations and comparisons with the classical centralized VFA.

关键词： Wireless sensors Networks Particle Swarm Optimization Virtual Forces Zone of Interest Swarm Intelligence

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Reliability-Based Splitting Algorithms for Time-Constrained distributed Detection in WSNs

Reliability-Based Splitting Algorithms for Time-Constrained ...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Laitrakun, Seksan Coyle, Edward J. Georgia Inst Technol Sch Elect & Comp Engn Atlanta GA 30332 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

We consider distributed detection applications for a fusion center that has a limited time to collect, weight and fuse local decisions to produce a global decision in a wireless sensor network that uses a random access protocol. When this time is not long enough to collect decisions from all nodes in the network, a strategy is needed for collecting those with the highest reliability. this is accomplished by incorporating a reliability-based splitting algorithm into the random access protocol: the collection time is divided into frames and only nodes with a specified range of reliabilities compete for the channel within each frame. Nodes with the most reliable decisions attempt transmission in the first frame;nodes with the next most reliable set of decisions attempt in the next frame;etc. To ensure that the results we derive are lower bounds on the detection performance that would be seen in practice, the local decisions that arrive within a frame are assigned the smallest reliability in the range associated with that frame. Two performance measures are used: Detection Error Probability (DEP) and Asymptotic Relative Efficiency (ARE) of the proposed scheme relative to a TDMA-based scheme. We then show how to minimize the DEP by determining the reliability intervals that define which nodes attempt to transmit in each frame. Intervals that maximize the channel throughput will often, but not always, minimize the DEP of the proposed scheme. Necessary conditions for the optimality of the maximum throughput intervals are thus derived. Numerical results indicate that these conditions are often sufficient when the observation noise is Gaussian. From the ARE, we determine when the proposed scheme asymptotically outperforms a TDMA-based scheme.

关键词： Gaussian noise probability radio access networks radio transmitters random processes sensor fusion telecommunication network reliability time division multiple access wireless sensor networks

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Using Feedback Control within WSN's to meet Application Requirements

Using Feedback Control within WSN's to meet Application Requ...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Fairbairn, Mark Louis Bate, Iain Univ York Dept Comp Sci York YO10 5GH N Yorkshire England

Currently the main approach used to save power within WSN9;s is to employ reactive MAC schemes that detect when the network is becoming busy and adapt to provide an increase in available bandwidth. Once the traffic... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

Currently the main approach used to save power within WSN's is to employ reactive MAC schemes that detect when the network is becoming busy and adapt to provide an increase in available bandwidth. Once the traffic becomes lighter the available bandwidth is reduced to save power. While this works well with bursty sporadic traffic, there is a clear trade-off between latency of response and power savings. Other problems with this approach include hard to derive parameters along with their poor performance in periodic sense-and-send applications due to their reactive nature. We propose an adaptive feedback-based scheme that adjusts the duty cycle of the the motes to reduce the power consumed in typical sense-and-send applications by 58.4%, while still meeting a minimal level of service specified by the operator. Such an adaptive scheme is necessary to minimise power consumption as the complete network characteristics are unknown prior to deployment, and can change during runtime. Our approach is independent of node distribution and is also MAC layer agnostic, unlike the current state-of-the-art, whilst consuming less power. Our approach provides a simple method for the application designer to modify its behaviour, whilst allowing WSNs to operate longer and provide the same level of service as current approaches.

关键词： access protocols adaptive control feedback telecommunication control telecommunication power management wireless sensor networks

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Automatic sensor drift detection and correction using Spatial Kriging and Kalman filtering

Automatic Sensor drift detection and correction using Spatia...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Kumar, Dheeraj Rajasegarar, Sutharshan Palaniswami, Marimuthu Univ Melbourne Dept Elect & Elect Engn Melbourne Vic 3010 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

Internet-of-things (IoT) is a concept referring to interconnected people and objects and smart city is one of the many applications of IoT. Wireless sensor Network (WSN) is a specific technology that helps to create "Smart Cities". It aims at creating a distributed network of intelligent sensor nodes which can measure various parameters for efficient management of the city. the data thus collected through a range of sensors is processed and is delivered wirelessly in real-time to the citizens or the appropriate authorities. Since the application framework for smart city application is huge, it would require a large number of different types of sensors for its implementation and the project could be viable only if we use low resolution, low precision but inexpensive sensors. the sensors in sensor network can suffer from random or systematic errors. Most common problem with inexpensive sensors used in WSNs for smart city applications is of drift and bias. they can be calibrated at the time of deployment, but they develop drift, which is the slow change in the reading of sensor from actual value as time progresses. In this paper we have proposed a framework to automatically detect and correct the drift of the sensor nodes to keep the WSN usable. Kriging based interpolation of the sensor readings of neighboring sensors is used to predict actual value at the sensor node and the measured drift is then kalman filtered to get correct drift estimates. We have demonstrated the results of this algorithm on real sensor data obtained from Intel Research Berkeley Laboratory deployment and shown that our system is able to detect and correct smooth drift and bias generated in the sensors. We have also shown that our system is robust with respect to the number of sensor nodes drifting and significantly outperforms the traditional averaging based interpolation methods.

关键词： Internet of things Kalman filters geophysical techniques interpolation statistical analysis wireless sensor networks

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Comparison of Accuracy Estimation Approaches for sensor Networks

Comparison of Accuracy Estimation Approaches for Sensor Netw...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems (dcoss)

作者： Wen, Hongkai Xiao, Zhuoling Symington, Andrew Markham, Andrew Trigoni, Niki Univ Oxford Dept Comp Sci Oxford OX1 3QD England

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550411

With sensor technology gaining maturity and becoming ubiquitous, we are experiencing an unprecedented wealth of sensor data. In most sensing applications, users receive sensor measurements, which are prone to error. As a result, they are often annotated with some measure of uncertainty, such as the distribution variance or a confidence interval, and will be hereafter referred to as probabilistic measurements. the question that we address in this paper is how to estimate the accuracy of these probabilistic measurements, that is, how far they lie from the ground truth of the measured attribute. Existing studies on estimating the accuracy of probabilistic measurements in real sensing applications are limited in three ways. First, they tend to be application-specific. Second, they typically employ learning techniques to estimate the parameters of sensor noise models, and ignore alternative approaches that rely on simple state estimation without learning. third, they do not explore whether exploiting the dynamics of the monitored state can yield significant benefits in terms of accuracy estimation. In this paper, we address the above limitations as follows: We define the problem of accuracy estimation in a general way that applies to a wide spectrum of application scenarios. We then propose a taxonomy of accuracy estimation techniques, which include both state estimation and parameter learning. these techniques are further subdivided into static and dynamic, depending on whether they exploit knowledge of system dynamics. All different approaches in the taxonomy are then applied and compared with each other in the context of two real sensing applications. We discuss how they trade accuracy for computation cost, and how this tradeoff largely depends on the user's knowledge of the application scenario.

关键词： estimation theory probability state estimation wireless sensor networks

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Proceedings - ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems, dcoss 2013

Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Distributed C...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems, dcoss 2013

the proceedings contain 72 papers. the topics discussed include: distributed algorithm to improve coverage for mobile swarms of sensors;efficient wireless recharging in sensor networks;improving the dependability of sensornets;iterative security risk analysis for network flows based on provenance and interdependency;GreenSensing: a fine grained power monitoring system for a network of computers;multiple sensor skewed covariance target localization;a trust-based recruitment framework for multi-hop social participatory sensing;trade-offs of forecasting algorithm for extending WSN lifetime in a real-world deployment;low-power self-energy meter for wireless sensor network;distributive model-based sensor fault diagnosis in wireless sensor networks;the analysis of temperature, depth, salinity effect on acoustic speed for a vertical water column;event prediction and modeling of variable rate sampled data using dynamic Bayesian networks;and imaging seismic tomography in sensor network.

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An implementation of wireless sensor network in monitoring of Parkinson's patients using received signal strength indicator

An implementation of wireless sensor network in monitoring o...

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9th ieee international conference on distributed computing in sensor systems, dcoss 2013

作者： Jamthe, Anagha Chakraborty, Suryadip Ghosh, Saibal K. Agrawal, Dharma P. School of Computing Sciences and Informatics University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221-0008 United States

Remote monitoring of patients with movement disorders is currently being researched extensively with the help of Wireless Body Area sensor Network (WBASN). e-Healthcare is one such popular WBASN application. We focus our research addressing an important issue of wireless monitoring of patients suffering from Parkinson's Disease (PD) for fall detection in order to avoid potential injuries. We also propose a non-invasive, wireless technique that could detect multiple occurrences of Freezing of Gait (FoG) over single or multiple days of observation. For wireless monitoring of patients, we would embed wireless sensors in patient's vicinity, such as his room and determine the values of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) from these sensors. RSSI can thus be used as one of the measures to detect falls of PD patients. Our initial results of embedding force sensors in person's shoe, suggest that it can be used to detect and record the number of occurrences of FoG, which is hard to reproduce at doctor's clinic, due to its relation with patient's consciousness at the hospital. We also propose to derive different mobility patterns for a PD patient based on the RSSI values during a day's activity and then train the system for intelligent analysis in future. © 2013 ieee.

关键词： Fall detection

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A Dynamic Identity User Authentication Scheme in Wireless sensor Networks

A Dynamic Identity User Authentication Scheme in Wireless Se...

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9th international Wireless Communications and Mobile computing conference (IWCMC)

作者： Hsieh, Wen-Bin Leu, Jenq-Shiou Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467324809

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) represent the next evolutionary development step in utilities, industrial, building, home, shipboard, and transportation systems automation. WSNs are easy to deploy and have wide range of applications. therefore, in distributed and unattended locations, WSNs are deployed to allow a legitimated user to login to the network and access data. Consequently, the authentication between users and sensor nodes has become one of the important security issues. In 2009, M. L. Das proposed a two-factor authentication for WSNs. Based on one-way hash function and exclusive-OR operation, the scheme is well-suited for resource constrained environments. Later, Khan and Algahathbar pointed out the flaws and vulnerabilities of Das's scheme and proposed an alternative scheme. However, Vaidya et al. found that both Das's and KhanAlgahathbar's schemes are vulnerable to various attacks including stolen smart card attacks. Further, Vaidya et al. proposed an improved two-factor user authentication to overcome the security weakness of both schemes. In this paper, we show that Vaidya et alos scheme still exposes to a malicious insider attack that seriously threatens the security of WSNs. We hope that by identifying this vulnerability, similar schemes can avoid these weaknesses.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks two-factor authentication an insider attack password guessing attack security

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