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ESF - An Extensive Service Foundation from Internet of things Perspective

ESF - An Extensive Service Foundation from Internet of Thing...

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ieee international symposium on object/component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing Workshops (ISORCW)

作者： Jianqi Shi Xin Ye Liangyu Chen Pei Zhang Ningkang Jiang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing Software Engineering Institute East China Jiao Tong University China China Electronics Technology Group Corporation No.32 Research Institute Shanghai China

the increasing interest in the Internet of things (IoT) has brought lots of opportunities and challenges to researchers. Cyber-space and physical world are more and more amalgamated by smart devices with networking capability. Making appropriate adaptations to satisfy new processing requirements is necessary for the extensive service in such an environment. In this paper, we propose a three-layer architecture for IoT: the sensor layer, processing layer and mining layer. We adopt a new design approach for the information-processing layer which focuses on five aspects: exchanging data format, data entity design, the method invocation style, the event decoupling and massive data processing. Our approach has been applied to an environmental protection system which is being used in more than 200 monitoring stations in Shanghai. there are 7 kinds of environmental information to be monitored and more than 70 million data items to be processed by this system every day.

关键词： Internet Wireless sensor networks Computers distributed databases Couplings Data processing

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OASIS: A Service-oriented Architecture for Dynamic Instrumentation of Enterprise distributed real-time and Embedded Systems

OASIS: A Service-Oriented Architecture for Dynamic Instrumen...

引用

international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： James Hill Hunt Sutherland Paul Stodinger thomas Silveria Douglas C. Schmidt John Slaby Nikita Visnevski Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN USA GE Global Research Center Niskayuna NY USA Raytheon Company Portsmouth RI USA Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

Performance analysis tools for enterprise distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems require instrumenting heterogeneous sources (such as application- and system-level hardware and software resources). Traditional techniques for software instrumentation of such systems, however, are tightly coupled to system design and metrics of interest. It is therefore hard for system testers to increase their knowledge base and analytical capabilities for enterprise DRE system performance using existing instrumentation techniques when metrics of interest are not known during initial system design. this paper provides two contributions to research on software instrumentation for enterprise DRE systems. First, it presents OASIS, which is service-oriented middleware for instrumenting enterprise DRE systems to collect and extract metrics without design time knowledge of which metrics are collected. Second, this paper empirically evaluates OASIS in the context of a representative enterprise DRE system from the domain of shipboard computing. Results from applying OASIS to a representative enterprise DRE system show that its flexibility enables DRE system testers to precisely control the overhead incurred via instrumentation.

关键词： Service oriented architecture Instruments real time systems Embedded system Performance analysis System testing Hardware Embedded software Software performance Software systems

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A model driven engineering approach based on aspects for high speed scientific X-rays cameras

A model driven engineering approach based on aspects for hig...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Dionisio Doering Carlos Eduardo Pereira Peter Denes John Joseph Electrical Engineering Department UFRGS Porto Brazil Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Berkeley USA

High-speed scientific cameras have been demanding more from their control systems as the number of pixels, and number of frame increases and therefore the required total bandwidth. One way to cope with this demand is to perform realtime image processing. the challenge on that is the fact that each experiment requires a different processing algorithms and one needs to reconfigure it frequently. An example of this system is the LBNL high-speed cameras based on FPGAs used on X-rays and electron microscopy experiments. these camera systems can benefit from modern design methodologies that explore higher abstraction level modeling, which includes both functional and non-functional requirements specification and that take advantage of techniques such as object-oriented and aspect-oriented methodologies. this paper introduces HIPAO, a Hardware Image Processing system based on model driven engineering and Aspect-oriented modeling. Some examples are shown for each step of the methodology that goes from requirements modeling to automatic code generation.

关键词： object oriented modeling Cameras Unified modeling language Computational modeling Mathematical model Registers

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real-time Tasks Scheduling with Value Control to Predict Timing Faults During Overload

Real-Time Tasks Scheduling with Value Control to Predict Tim...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Crineu Tres Leandro Buss Becker Edgar Nett Automation and Systems Department Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianopolis Santa Catarina Brazil Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg Institute for Distributed Systems (IVS) Magdeburg Germany

Modern real-time applications are very dynamic and cannot cope with the use of worst case execution time to avoid overload situations. therefore scheduling algorithms that are able to prevent timing faults during overload are required. In this context, the value parameter has become useful to add generality and flexibility to such systems. In this paper, we present the scheduling algorithm called DMB (dynamic misses based), which is capable of dynamically changing tasks value in order to adjust their importance according to its timing faults rate. the main goal of DMB is to allow the prediction of timing faults during overloads and thereby support a dynamic tuning of tasks fault rate. It is used to enhance the features of the previously defined TAFT (time-aware fault-tolerant) scheduler. Obtained results show that DMB in conjunction with TAFT reached the most promising results during overloads, allowing to control tasks degradation in a graceful and determined way

关键词： Timing Processor scheduling Scheduling algorithm Digital multimedia broadcasting real time systems Dynamic scheduling Fault tolerance Automatic control Control systems Automation

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It's about time: Leveraging Clock Synchronization for distributed real-time Programming

It's about Time: Leveraging Clock Synchronization for Distri...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Edward A. Lee University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA

Cyber-physical systems are integrations of computation, communication networks, and physical dynamics. Although time plays a central role in the physical world, all widely used software abstractions lack temporal semantics. the notion of correct execution of a program written in every widely-used programming language today does not depend on the temporal behavior of the program. But temporal behavior matters in almost all systems. Even in systems with no particular real-time requirements, timing of programs is relevant to the value delivered by programs, and in the case of concurrent programs, also affects the functionality. In cyber-physical systems, temporal behavior affects not just the value delivered by a system but also its correctness. In this talk, I will argue that time can and must become part of the semantics of programs for a large class of applications. To illustrate that this is both practical and useful, we will describe two recent efforts at Berkeley in the design and implementation of timing-centric software systems. On the implementation side, I will describe PRET machines, which redefine the instruction-set architecture (ISA) of a microprocessor to include temporal semantics. On the design side, I will briefly describe PTIDES, a programming model for distributed real-time systems. PTIDES leverages clock synchronization to deliver a deterministic model of computation for distributed real-time systems.

关键词： real-time systems Programming Educational institutions Semantics Graphics processing units Computational modeling Laboratories

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Does Code Generation Promote or Prevent Optimizations?

Does Code Generation Promote or Prevent Optimizations?

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Asma Charfi Chokri Mraidha Sébastien Gérard François Terrier Pierre Boulet CEA Laboratory of model driven engineering for embedded systems Gif-Sur-Yvette France CEA Laboratory of model driven engineering for embedded systems France Universite Lille 1 Sciences et Technologies Cite scientifique Villeneuve d'Ascq France

this paper addresses the problem of code optimization for real-time and Embedded Systems (RTES). Such systems are designed using Model-Based Development (MBD)approach that consists of performing three major steps: building models, generating code from them and compiling the generated code. Actually, during the code generation, an important part of the modeling language semantics which could be useful for optimization is lost, thus, making impossible some optimizations achievement. this paper shows how adding a new level of optimization at the model level results in a more compact code. It also discusses the impact of the code generation on optimization: whether this step promotes or prevents optimizations. We conclude on a proposal of a new MBD approach containing only steps that advance optimization: modeling and compiling steps.

关键词： Optimizing compilers Unified modeling language Embedded system real time systems Buildings distributed computing Laboratories Model driven engineering Proposals Information analysis

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Managing Variable and Cooperative time Behavior

Managing Variable and Cooperative Time Behavior

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ieee international symposium on object/component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing Workshops (ISORCW)

作者： Kirstie L. Bellman Christopher Landauer Phyllis R. Nelson Topcy House Consulting Thousand Oaks CA USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department California Polytechnic State University Pomona CA USA

this paper is about the requirements and architectural considerations that provide a SORT system with processes for observing, modeling, simulating, predicting, deciding, and acting in an external environment. For our purposes, "real time'' (RT) means coordinated with an external source of time or with sequences of events over which the system has no direct control. It is this unpredictability in the timing of responses that is the hardest constraint on a real-time system design, especially when it is known a priori that the system cannot keep up with all important events, and that "as fast as possible'' is not appropriate for some external interactions. We will describe a testbed that we are developing as a student team project at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona (Cal Poly Pomona) to experiment with SORT strategies, and a set of games that we will use to benchmark performance. then we will describe some useful technical background from several areas: reasoning and representation processes, situation theory, levels of meaningfulness in knowledge, and activity loops. Finally, we show how these concepts apply to SORT agent knowledge and coordination. Our contribution here is to outline a set of problems (in the form of cooperative games) that we hope others in the community will adopt as one method for benchmarking models, methods, strategies, and other processes used in SORT systems.

关键词： real time systems Predictive models Context modeling distributed computing USA Councils Timing Monitoring System testing Conferences Environmental management

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distributed and Managed: Research Challenges and Opportunities of the Next Generation Cyber-Physical Systems

Distributed and Managed: Research Challenges and Opportuniti...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Gabor Karsai Daniel Balasubramanian Abhishek Dubey William R. Otte Institute for Software-Integrated Systems Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

Cyber-physical systems increasingly rely on distributed computing platforms where sensing, computing, actuation, and communication resources are shared by a multitude of applications. Such 'cyber-physical cloud computing platforms' present novel challenges because the system is built from mobile embedded devices, is inherently distributed, and typically suffers from highly fluctuating connectivity among the modules. Architecting software for these systems raises many challenges not present in traditional cloud computing. Effective management of constrained resources and application isolation without adversely affecting performance are necessary. Autonomous fault management and real-time performance requirements must be met in a verifiable manner. It is also both critical and challenging to support multiple end-users whose diverse software applications have changing demands for computational and communication resources, while operating on different levels and in separate domains of security. the solution presented in this paper is based on a layered architecture consisting of a novel operating system, a middleware layer, and component-structured applications. the component model facilitates the construction of software applications from modular and reusable components that are deployed in the distributed system and interact only through well-defined mechanisms. the complexity of creating applications and performing system integration is mitigated through the use of a domain-specific model-driven development process that relies on a domain-specific modeling language and its accompanying graphical modeling tools, software generators for synthesizing infrastructure code, and the extensive use of model-based analysis for verification and validation.

关键词： Kernel Unified modeling language Security real-time systems Computational modeling Computer architecture

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Optimizing general-purpose software instrumentation middleware performance for distributed real-time and embedded systems

Optimizing general-purpose software instrumentation middlewa...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Dennis C. Feiock James H. Hill Department of Computer and Information Science Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN USA

Software instrumentation is an important aspect of software-intensive distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems because it enables real-time feedback of system properties, such as resource usage and component state, for performance analysis. Although it is critical not to collect too much instrumentation data to ensure minimal impact on the DRE system's existing performance properties, the design and implementation of software instrumentation middleware can impact how much instrumentation data can be collected. this can indirectly impact the DRE system's existing properties and performance analysis, and is more of a concern when using general-purpose software instrumentation middleware for DRE systems. this paper provides two contributions to instrumenting software-intensive DRE systems. First, it presents two techniques named the Standard Flat-rate Envelope and Pay-per-use for improving the performance of software instrumentation middleware for DRE systems. Secondly, it quantitatively evaluates performance gains realized by the two techniques in the context the Open-source Architecture for Software Instrumentation of Systems (OASIS), which is open-source dynamic instrumentation middleware for DRE systems. Our results show that the Standard Flat-rate Envelope improves performance up to 57% and the Pay-per-use improves performance up to 49%.

关键词： Standards Middleware Data models Probes Abstracts

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Towards a Layered Architecture for object-Based Execution in Wide-Area Deeply Embedded computing

Towards a Layered Architecture for Object-Based Execution in...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Tarek Abdelzaher Qing Cao Raghu Ganti Dan Henriksson Maifi Khan Jin Heo Chengdu Huang Praveen Jayachandran Hieu Khac Le Liqian Luo Yu-En Tsai Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA

Sensor networks introduce a new application domain and set of challenges in distributed computing including new network-level programming languages, global system abstractions, and general-purpose communication protocols. these challenges are brought about by the tight integration of computation, communication, and distributed real-time interaction with the physical world. With the growing interest in interconnecting different sensor networks across a wide-area communication infrastructure, an overarching challenge becomes one of arriving at an agreed-upon global sensor network architecture that ensures interoperability. Unlike the Internet, where a layered communication stack (namely, the TCP/IP stack) defines the network architecture, a sensor network architecture must unify not only communication interfaces but also programming interfaces, since network communication and computation functions are tightly intertwined. In that sense, the sensor network architecture refers to a layered stack of distributed computing abstractions. this paper presents an architecture and key considerations in designing and interconnecting local and global sensor networks. Candidate protocols and middleware instantiations are described from the authors' ongoing work that meet the discussed considerations

关键词： Computer architecture Embedded computing distributed computing Protocols Sensor systems and applications Computer languages Physics computing LAN interconnection IP networks TCPIP

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