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检索条件"任意字段=9th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing"

共 393 条记录，以下是351-360 订阅

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Escaping the Bonds of the Legacy: Step-Wise Migration to a Type-Safe Language in Safety-Critical Embedded Systems

Escaping the Bonds of the Legacy: Step-Wise Migration to a T...

引用

international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Michael Stilkerich Jens Schedel Peter Ulbrich Wolfgang Schröder-Preikschat Daniel Lohmann Department of Computer Science 4-Distributed Systems and Operation Systems Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Department of Computer Science 4- Distributed Systems and Operating Systems Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg

Type-safe high-level languages such as Java have not yet found their way into the domain of deeply embedded systems, even though numerous attempts have been made to make these languages cost attractive. One major challenge that remains is the huge existing code base in many industries. Completely reengineering this code base is not viable for cost and time reasons. We present an approach that allows to isolatedly combine legacy software components and safe software components in an embedded system using the two most common communication idioms found in this domain. Our approach allows the developer to freely choose between hardware- and software-based isolation mechanisms. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by porting a non-trivial part of a real-world, hard real-time embedded avionics application. Our results show that the cost of this mixed-mode operation is on the same scale as the pure operation.

关键词： Java Runtime Embedded systems Engines Hardware Sensors

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Energy minimization for checkpointing-based approach to guaranteeing real-time systems reliability

Energy minimization for checkpointing-based approach to guar...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Zheng Li Li Wang Shangping Ren Gang Quan Department of Computer Science Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago Illinois Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Florida International University Miami FL

In this paper, we study the energy minimization problem for a frame-based real time system with guaranteed reliability using the checkpointing technique. We formally prove that executing a real time task set with a uniform frequency, or neighboring frequencies if the desired frequency is not available, not only optimizes its energy consumption but also achieves maximal reliability. Based on the theoretic conclusion, we further develop a Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS) and checkpoint allocation strategy for a task set to guarantee both reliability and deadline constraints but with minimal energy consumption. the proposed strategy has very small frequency switching overhead as no more than one frequency change is needed for the entire task set execution and thus is particularly effective for processors with large frequency switching overhead. We further empirically compare our approach with recent work published in the literature. the experimental results show that the proposed approach can reduce as much as 15% energy consumption.

关键词： Reliability time-frequency analysis Checkpointing Energy consumption Optimized production technology Transient analysis Program processors

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Efficient Metadata Management for Flash File Systems

Efficient Metadata Management for Flash File Systems

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Jaegeuk Kim Heeseung Jo Hyotaek Shim Jin-Soo Kim Seungryoul Maeng Computer Science Department Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531328

NAND flash memory becomes one of the most popular storage for portable embedded systems. Although many flash-aware file systems, such as JFFS2 and YAFFS2, were proposed, the large memory consumption and the long mount delay have been serious obstacles for large-capacity NAND flash memory. In this paper, we present a new flash-aware file system called DFFS (direct flash file system) which fetches only the needed metadata on demand from flash memory. In addition, DFFS employs two novel metadata management schemes, inode embedding scheme and hybrid inode indexing scheme, to improve the performance of metadata operations. Comprehensive evaluation results using microbench- mark, postmark, and Linux kernel compilation trace, show that DFFS has comparable performance to JFFS2 and YAFFS2, while achieving a small memory footprint and instant mount time.

关键词： File systems Delay Flash memory Memory management Portable media players Embedded system Indexing Personal digital assistants real time systems distributed computing

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Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation of Artificial Immune Systems

Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation of Artificial Immune Sys...

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ieee international symposium on object/component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing Workshops (ISORCW)

作者： Norma Montealegre Franz J. Rammig Design of Distributed Embedded Systems Group Heinz Nixdorf Institute Paderborn Germany

Agent-based modeling and simulation is a way to model the behavior of populations of components and their interactions within a system. the key of this approach is to model the components of the system as autonomous agents and to simulate their behavior for evaluating the system as a whole. that is very useful for observing the emergence of properties in social, biological, environmental or financial systems, among others. Artificial immune systems, which is a sub field of artificial intelligence, comprises systems modeled by simplifying models from the biological immune system. If agent-based modeling and simulation is used as a laboratory for understanding the biological immune system then, it can also be used for transferring the observed principles into artificial immune system models or for evaluating models that have been already adapted for solving technical problems. this paper presents first, a methodology for transferring principles of the biological immune system into the field of artificial immune systems. then, it presents a brief explanation of the behavior of the cells of the biological immune system, which are treated as internal agents inside a biological organism. Afterwards, the modeling of some selected type of cells and the simulation of the whole simplified system are presented. In the end, the principles of that simplified system are transferred into the design of an alarm management system for the smart grid.

关键词： Immune system Pathogens Biological system modeling Adaptation models object oriented modeling Computational modeling

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Fast Fault-Tolerant time Synchronization for Wireless Sensor Networks

Fast Fault-Tolerant Time Synchronization for Wireless Sensor...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Sunggu Lee Ungjin Jang Junyoung Park Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531328

A wireless sensor network (WSN) typically consists of a large number of small-sized devices that have very low computational capability, small amounts of memory and the need to conserve energy as much as possible (most commonly by entering suspended mode for extended periods of time). Previous approaches for WSN time synchronization do not satisfactorily address all of the requirements of WSN environments. thus, this paper proposes a new fault-tolerant WSN time sychronization algorithm that is extremely fast (when compared to previous algorithms), achieves a guaranteed level of time synchronization for all non-faulty nodes, can accommodate nodes that enter suspended mode and then wake up, utilizes very little communication and computation resources (thereby leaving those resources available for use by other applications), operates in a completely decentralized manner and tolerates up to f faulty nodes. the efficacy of the proposed algorithm is shown using analysis and experimental results.

关键词： Fault tolerance Wireless sensor networks distributed computing Frequency synchronization Computer networks Application software Solids Mathematical analysis Power engineering and energy Algorithm design and analysis

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A framework for enhancing dependability in self-x systems by Artificial Immune Systems

A framework for enhancing dependability in self-x systems by...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Franz Rammig Katharina Stahl Gavin Vaz Design of Distributed Embedded Systems Research Group University of Paderborn Paderborn Germany

In self-adapting embedded real-time systems, operating systems and software provide mechanisms to self-adapt to changing requirements. Autonomous adaptation decisions introduce novel risks as they may lead to unforeseen system behavior that could not have been specified within a design-time model. However, as part of its functionality the operating system has to ensure the reliability of the entire self-x system during run-time. In this paper, we present our work in progress for an operating system framework which aims to identify anomalous or malicious system states at run-time without a sophisticated specification-time model. Inspired by the Artificial Immune Systems Danger theory, we propose an anomaly detection mechanism that operates not only on the local system behavior information of the monitored component. Furthermore, to ensure an efficient behavior evaluation, the anomaly detection mechanism implies system-wide input signals that indicate e.g the existence of a potential danger within the overall system or the occurrence of a system adaption. Due to the ability of this framework to cope with dynamically changing behavior and to identify unintended behavioral deviations, it seems to be a promising approach to enhance the run-time dependability of a self-x system.

关键词： Immune system real-time systems Monitoring Kernel Context Detectors

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Model-Driven Runtime Resource Predictions for Advanced Mechatronic Systems with Dynamic Data Structures

Model-Driven Runtime Resource Predictions for Advanced Mecha...

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Stefan Henkler Simon Oberthür Holger Giese Andreas Seibel Software Engineering Group University of Paderborn Paderborn Germany Design of Distrib. Embedded Syst. Res. Group Univ. of Paderborn Paderborn Germany System Analysis and Modeling Group University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany

the next generation of advanced mechatronic systems is expected to enhance their functionality and improve their performance by context-dependent behavior. therefore, these systems require to represent information about the complex environment and changing sets of collaboration partners internally. this requirement is in contrast to the usually assumed static structures for embedded systems. In this paper, we present a model-driven approach which overcomes this situation by supporting dynamic data structures while still guaranteeing that valid worst-case execution times can be derived. It supports a flexible resource management which avoids to operate with the prohibitive coarse worst-case boundaries but instead supports to run applications in different profiles which guarantee different resource requirements and put unused resources in a profile at other applications' disposal. By supporting the proper estimation of worst case execution time (WCET) and worst case number of iteration (WCNI) at runtime, we can further support to create new profiles, add or remove them at runtime in order to minimize the over-approximation of the resource consumption resulting from the dynamic data structures required for the outlined class of advanced systems.

关键词： Predictive models Runtime Mechatronics Data structures Embedded system Resource management object oriented modeling real time systems object oriented programming distributed computing

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the Behavior Analysis of Flash-Memory Storage Systems

The Behavior Analysis of Flash-Memory Storage Systems

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Po-Chun Huang Yuan-Hao Chang Tei-Wei Kuo Jen-Wei Hsieh Miller Lin Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taiwan R.O.C. Genesys Logic Taiwan R.O.C

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531328

Performance and reliability are two major design concerns of flash-memory storage systems, especially for low-cost products. Although various excellent flash- memory management schemes are proposed, there is little work done on how to evaluate the designs or implementations of flash-memory storage systems. Many of the existing evaluation workloads for flash-memory storage systems still rely on those based on hard disks. this work aims at the needs of behavior analysis of flash-memory storage systems and their evaluations. In particular, a set of evaluation metrics and their corresponding access patterns are proposed. the behaviors of flash memory are also analyzed in terms of performance and reliability issues.

关键词： Flash memory Performance analysis Drives Computer science Design engineering Hard disks System performance Random access memory real time systems distributed computing

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Proposing a Hybrid Software Execution Environment for distributed Embedded Systems

Proposing a Hybrid Software Execution Environment for Distri...

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ieee international symposium on object/component/Service-oriented real-time distributed computing Workshops (ISORCW)

作者： Yukikazu Nakamoto Kenji Yabuuchi Tatsunori Osaki Takanari Kishida Teruya Hara Issei Abe Akira Kitamura Graduate School of Applied Informatics University of Hyogo Japan OCTOPATH Corporation Japan Fujitsu TEN Company Limited Japan

the size and complexity of large-scale distributed embedded systems such as automotive and process controls have increased recently. Sophisticated systems that are safe and environmentally friendly require numerous types of sensor data, which are collected from various devices and sent to computers through networks. To develop such large-scale distributed embedded systems with high quality and productivity, we have developed a virtual execution environment platform. this platform integrates numerous CPU simulators and various device simulators through the network and provides network-wide simulation functionalities. In this paper, we propose a hybrid software execution environment and describe the development and evaluation of the technology element required in its implementation. the hybrid software execution environment integrates virtual and real software execution environments in order to check functional behavior of distributed embedded software in a more realistic environment. In the environment, CPU simulators and device simulators are implemented as Common object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) objects, and messages in the simulation objects are transferred at the actual rate in the target setting.

关键词： Embedded software Embedded system Computational modeling Large-scale systems Central Processing Unit Automotive engineering Process control Sensor systems Computer networks Productivity

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Hardware Support for Safety-Critical Java Scope Checks

Hardware Support for Safety-Critical Java Scope Checks

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international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Juan Ricardo Rios Martin Schoeberl Department of Informatics and Mathematical Modeling Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark

Memory management in Safety-Critical Java (SCJ) is based on time bounded, non garbage collected scoped memory regions used to store temporary objects. Scoped memory regions may have different life times during the execution of a program and hence, to avoid leaving dangling pointers, it is necessary to check that reference assignments are performed only from objects in shorter lived scopes to objects in longer lived scopes (or between objects in the same scoped memory area). SCJ offers, compared to the RTSJ, a simplified memory model where only the immortal and mission memory scoped areas are shared between threads and any other scoped region is thread private. In this paper we present how, due to this simplified model, a single scope nesting level can be used to check the legality of every reference assignment. We also show that with simple hardware extensions a processor can see some improvement in terms of execution time for applications where cross-scope references are frequent. Our proposal was implemented and tested on the Java Optimized Processor (JOP).

关键词： Hardware Arrays Java Software Memory management object oriented modeling Sensors

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