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Adaptive matrix multiplication in heterogeneous environments 9

Adaptive matrix multiplication in heterogeneous environments

引用

9th international conference on parallel and distributed Systems, ICPADS 2002

作者： Hong, Bo Prasanna, Viktor K. Department of Electrical Engineering - Systems University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089-2562 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769517609

In this paper an adaptive matrix multiplication algorithm for dynamic heterogeneous environments is developed and evaluated. Unlike the state-of-the-art approaches, where load balancing is achieved through unequal distribution of the matrix data among the heterogeneous nodes, the matrices in our approach are partitioned into blocks of equal size. Task allocation and the block size are adapted during run time. Data pre-fetch is used to perform efficient communication. Our approach enables the use of various task scheduling heuristics. Further we show that the control and coordination overheads of this approach are negligible when compared with the overall execution time. the effectiveness of the approach is verified through a configurable simulator developed for understanding the performance of heterogeneous computing environments. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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Investigating service discovery, management and network support for next generation object oriented services

Investigating service discovery, management and network supp...

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7th international conference on Intelligence in Networks (SmartNet 2002)

作者： Silverajan, B Hartman, J Laaksonen, J Tampere Univ Technol Dept Informat Technol FIN-33101 Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)140207008X

the network computing industry has eagerly embraced technologies, welcoming an ever-increasing variety of new service discovery protocols and object architectures. With this abundance now offered across a wide collection of environments, technologies that offer standardized interfaces for the discovery process, while supporting communication for several different types of service access technologies, will provide the greatest achievable interoperability and resilience in the long-term. In this paper, we introduce a distributed architecture based on using directory services to significantly reduce the complexity of managing the information and services required to support next-generation networked applications, by providing automatic service discovery and a single coherent model for representing the data managed by supporting services. Standards-based solutions are used, and a prototype implementation of the CORBA Naming Service that has been designed to illustrate how the architecture incorporates distributed object models, directory services and multicast-based dynamic service discovery is presented.

关键词： distributed object architectures next-generation applications directory services service discovery

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Accelerate the calculation of NURBS curves and surfaces based on parallel architecture 9

Accelerate the calculation of NURBS curves and surfaces base...

引用

9th international conference on parallel and distributed Systems, ICPADS 2002

作者： Ou, Shih-Ching Shiu, Li-Hong Hsiao, Sung-Jung Sung, Wen-Tsai Automation and CAD Lab. Department of Electrical Engineering National Central University Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Central University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0769517609

the aim of the paper is to propose a three-dimensional graphics chip with parallel architecture, in accordance with the chip of the NURBS algorithm was structured. this architecture presents a regular and easily scalable structure, suitable for VLSI implementation, which can be efficiently exploited for the computing process. this architecture can apply to a peripheral device of a computer and a user can use it for fitting curves and surfaces, convert NURBS curves to Bezier and so on, which have 16 bit precision. In this paper, we first describe the framework of the whole system. Secondly, we introduce the hardware of FPGA and explain the principle. Next, we will also illustrate NURBS, and test and verify using Visual C++ and OpenGL. the performance of the proposed architecture is improved by the use of carry save arithmetic which permits the reduction of the system time cycle. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： Application programming interfaces (API)

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8th international European conference on parallel Processing, Euro-Par 2002

引用

8th international Euro-Par conference on parallel Processing, Euro-Par 2002

ISBN: (纸本)3540440496

the proceedings contain 140 papers. the special focus in this conference is on parallel Processing. the topics include: Orchestrating computations on the world-wide web;non-massive, non-high performance, distributed computing;facts on performance evaluation and its dependence on workloads;concepts and technologies for a worldwide grid infrastructure;a performance analysis tool for distributed and parallel programs;a hybrid strategy for automated performance problem searches;on the scalability of tracing mechanisms;component based problem solving environment;integrating temporal assertions into a parallel debugger;performance evaluation, analysis and optimization;prototyping and verifying stream-processing systems;symbolic cost estimation of parallel applications;performance modeling and interpretive simulation of PIM architectures and applications;extended overhead analysis for openMP;a call-graph based automatic tool for capture of hardware performance metrics for MPI and openMP applications;performance tuning through source code interdependence;on scheduling task-graphs to logP-machines with disturbances;optimal scheduling algorithms for communication constrained parallel processing;an automatic scheduler for parallel machines;non-approximability results for the hierarchical communication problem with a bounded number of clusters;non-approximability of the bulk synchronous task scheduling problem;adjusting time slices to apply coscheduling techniques in a non-dedicated now;a semi-dynamic multiprocessor scheduling algorithm with an asymptotically optimal competitive ratio;tiling and memory reuse for sequences of nested loops;towards detection of coarse-grain loop-level parallelism in irregular computations and parallel and distributed databases, data mining and knowledge discovery.

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Automatic search for performance problems-in parallel and distributed programs by using multi-experiment analysis 1

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9th international conference on High Performance computing (HiPC 2002)

作者： Fahringer, T Seragiotto, C Univ Vienna Inst Software Sci A-1010 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (数字)9783540362654

ISBN: (纸本)3540003037

We introduce Aksum, a novel system for performance analysis that helps programmers to locate and to understand performance problems in message passing, shared memory and mixed parallel programs. the user must provide the set of problem and machine sizes for which performance analysis should be conducted. the search for performance problems (properties) is user-controllable by restricting the performance analysis to specific code regions, by creating new or customizing existing property specifications and property hierarchies, by indicating the maximum search time and maximum time a single experiment may take, by providing thresholds that define whether or not a property is critical, and by indicating conditions under which the search for properties stops. Aksum automatically selects and instruments code regions for collecting raw performance data based on which performance properties are computed. Heuristics are incorporated to prune the search for performance properties. We have implemented Aksum as a portable Java-based distributed system which displays all properties detected during the search process together with the code regions that cause them. A filtering mechanism allows the examination of properties at various levels of detail. We present an experiment with a financial modeling application to demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： Message passing

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A fully compliant openmp implementation on software distributed shared memory 1

引用

9th international conference on High Performance computing, HiPC 2002

作者： Karlsson, Sven Lee, Sung-Woo Brorsson, Mats Royal Institute of Technology KTH Stockholm Sweden Ditto Information Technology Inc Korea Republic of

ISBN: (数字)9783540362654

ISBN: (纸本)3540003037

OpenMPi s a relatively new industry standard for programming parallel computers with a shared memory programming model. Given that clusters of workstations are a cost-effective solution for building parallel platforms, it would of course be highly interesting if the OpenMP model could be extended to these systems as well as to the standard shared memory architectures for which it was originally intended. We present in this paper a fully compliant implementation of the OpenMP specification 1.0 for C targeting networks of workstations. We have used an experimental software distributed shared memory system called Coherent Virtual Machine to implement a run-time library which is the target of a source-to-source OpenMP translator also developed in this project. the system has been evaluated using an OpenMP micro-benchmark suite as to evaluate the effect of some memory coherence protocol improvements. We have also used OpenMP versions of three Splash-2 applications concluding in reasonable speedups on an IBM SP2 machine. this also is the first study to investigate the subtle mechanisms of consistency in OpenM Pon software distributed shared memory systems. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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An efficient and exponentially accurate parallel h-p spectral element method for elliptic problems on polygonal domains –the dirichlet case 9th

引用

9th international conference on High Performance computing, HiPC 2002

作者： Tomar, S.K. Dutt, P. Rathish Kumar, B.V. University of Twente P.O. Box 217 Enschede7500 AE Netherlands Department of Mathematics KanpurUP208016 India

ISBN: (纸本)3540003037

For smooth problems spectral element methods (SEM) exhibit exponential convergence and have been very successfully used in practical problems. However, in many engineering and scientific applications we frequently encounter the numerical solutions of elliptic boundary value problems in non-smooth domains which give rise to singularities in the solution. In such cases the accuracy of the solution obtained by SEM deteriorates and they offer no advantages over low order methods. A new parallel h-p Spectral Element Method is presented which resolves this form of singularity by employing a geometric mesh in the neighborhood of the corners and gives exponential convergence with asymptotically faster results than conventional methods. the normal equations are solved by the Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG) method. Except for the assemblage of the resulting solution vector, all computations are done on the element level and we don’t need to compute and store mass and stiffness like matrices. the technique to compute the preconditioner is quite simple and very easy to implement. the method is based on a parallel computer with distributed memory and the library used for message passing is MPI. Load balancing issues are discussed and the communication involved among the processors is shown to be quite small. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Message passing

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Exploiting web document structure to improve storage management in proxy caches 1

引用

9th international conference on High Performance computing, HiPC 2002

作者： Abhari, Abdolreza Dandamudi, Sivarama P. Majumdar, Shikharesh Center for Parallel and Distributed Computing School of Computer Science Carleton University Ottawa Canada Deptartment of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada

ISBN: (数字)9783540362654

ISBN: (纸本)3540003037

Proxy caches are essential to improve the performance of World Wide Web and to enhance user perceived latency. In this paper, we propose a new Web object based policy to manage the storage system of a proxy cache. We propose two techniques to improve the storage system performance. the first technique is concerned with prefetching the related files belonging to a Web object, from the disk to main memory. this prefetching improves performance as most of the files can be provided from the main memory instead of proxy disk. the second technique stores the Web object members in contiguous disk blocks in order to reduce the disk access time. this in turn reduces the disk response time. We have used trace-driven simulations to study the performance improvements one can obtain with these two techniques. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Proxy caches

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Ling adders in CMOS standard cell technologies

Ling adders in CMOS standard cell technologies

引用

IEEE international conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)

作者： C. Efstathiou H.T. Vergos D. Nikolos Informatics Dept TEI Athens Athens Greece Computer Technology Institute Patras Greece Computer Engineering Dept University of Patras Patras Greece

Two level carry look-ahead (CLA) and novel parallel-prefix Ling adder architectures are introduced in this paper. the adders resulting from these architectures, as well as from the well known single level CLA Ling adder architecture, are compared against traditional adders using CMOS realizations. the results reveal that Ling architectures are more attractive in several cases.

关键词： CMOS technology Adders Computer architecture Encoding Concurrent computing Informatics Delay effects Circuits Logic Signal generators

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Glenmore: an interactive activation model of eye movement control in reading

Glenmore: an interactive activation model of eye movement co...

引用

international conference on Neural Information Processing

作者： R.G. Reilly R. Radach Department of Computer Science NUI Maynooth Co Kildare Ireland Department of Psychology Technical University of Aachen Germany

this paper describes an interactive activation model of eye movement control in reading, Glenmore, that can account within one mechanism for preview and spillover effects, for regressions, progressions, and refixations. the model decouples the decision about when to move the eyes from the word recognition process. the time course of activity in a "fixate centre" determines the triggering of a saccade. the other main feature of the model is the use of a saliency map that acts as an arena for the interplay of bottom-up visual features of the text, and top-down lexical features. these factors combine to create a pattern of. activation that selects one word as the saccade target. Even within the relatively simple framework proposed here, a coherent account has been provided for a range of eye movement control phenomena that have hitherto proved problematic to reconcile.

关键词： Computational modeling Computer science Psychology Eyes distributed computing Timing parallel processing

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