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共 931 条记录，以下是161-170 订阅

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Silq: A High-Level Quantum language with Safe Uncomputation and Intuitive Semantics 2020

Silq: A High-Level Quantum Language with Safe Uncomputation ...

引用

41st acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Bichsel, Benjamin Baader, Maximilian Gehr, Timon Vechev, Martin Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450376136

Existing quantum languages force the programmer to work at a low level of abstraction leading to unintuitive and cluttered code. A fundamental reason is that dropping temporary values from the program state requires explicitly applying quantum operations that safely uncompute these values. We present Silq, the first quantum language that addresses this challenge by supporting safe, automatic uncomputation. This enables an intuitive semantics that implicitly drops temporary values, as in classical computation. To ensure physicality of Silq's semantics, its type system leverages novel annotations to reject unphysical programs. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that Silq programs are not only easier to read and write, but also significantly shorter than equivalent programs in other quantum languages (on average -46% for Q#, -38% for Quipper), while using only half the number of quantum primitives.

关键词： Quantum language Uncomputation Semantics

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Dynamic Enforcement of Determinism in a Parallel Scripting language 14

Dynamic Enforcement of Determinism in a Parallel Scripting L...

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Lu, Li Ji, Weixing Scott, Michael L. Univ Rochester Rochester NY 14627 USA Beijing Inst Technol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Determinism is an appealing property for parallel programs, as it simplifies understanding, reasoning and debugging. It is particularly appealing in dynamic (scripting) languages, where ease of programming is a dominant design goal. Some existing parallel languages use the type system to enforce determinism statically, but this is not generally practical for dynamic languages. In this paper, we describe how determinism can be obtained-and dynamically enforced/verified-for appropriate extensions to a parallel scripting language. Specifically, we introduce the constructs of Deterministic Parallel Ruby (DPR), together with a run-time system (TARDIS) that verifies properties required for determinism, including correct usage of reductions and commutative operators, and the mutual independence (data-race freedom) of concurrent tasks. Experimental results confirm that DPR can provide scalable performance on multicore machines and that the overhead of TARDIS is low enough for practical testing. In particular, TARDIS significantly outperforms alternative data-race detectors with comparable functionality. We conclude with a discussion of future directions in the dynamic enforcement of determinism.

关键词： design languages Reliability Determinism deterministic parallelism data races scripting language

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Interactive Parser Synthesis by Example 15

Interactive Parser Synthesis by Example

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36th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Leung, Alan Sarracino, John Lerner, Sorin Univ Calif San Diego San Diego CA 92103 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334686

Despite decades of research on parsing, the construction of parsers remains a painstaking, manual process prone to subtle bugs and pitfalls. We present a programming-by-example framework called Parsify that is able to synthesize a parser from input/output examples. The user does not write a single line of code. To achieve this, Parsify provides: (a) an iterative algorithm for synthesizing and refining a grammar one example at a time, (b) an interface that provides immediate visual feedback in response to changes in the grammar being refined, and (c) a graphical mechanism for specifying example parse trees using only textual selections. We empirically demonstrate the viability of our approach by using Parsify to construct parsers for source code drawn from Verilog, SQL, Apache, and Tiger.

关键词： Algorithms Human Factors languages Parsing programming by Example Program Synthesis

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From Folklore to Fact: Comparing implementations of Stacks and Continuations 2020

From Folklore to Fact: Comparing Implementations of Stacks a...

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41st acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Farvardin, Kavon Reppy, John Univ Chicago Comp Sci Chicago IL 60637 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450376136

The efficient implementation of function calls and non-local control transfers is a critical part of modern language implementations and is important in the implementation of everything from recursion, higher-order functions, concurrency and coroutines, to task-based parallelism. In a compiler, these features can be supported by a variety of mechanisms, including call stacks, segmented stacks, and heap-allocated continuation closures. An implementor of a high-level language with advanced control features might ask the question lwhat is the best choice for my implementation?z Unfortunately, the current literature does not provide much guidance, since previous studies suffer from various flaws in methodology and are outdated for modern hardware. In the absence of recent, well-normalized measurements and a holistic overview of their implementation specifics, the path of least resistance when choosing a strategy is to trust folklore, but the folklore is also suspect. This paper attempts to remedy this situation by providing an lapples-to-applesz comparison of six different approaches to implementing call stacks and continuations. This comparison uses the same source language, compiler pipeline, LLVM-backend, and runtime system, with the only differences being those required by the differences in implementation strategy. We compare the implementation challenges of the different approaches, their sequential performance, and their suitability to support advanced control mechanisms, including supporting heavily threaded code. In addition to the comparison of implementation strategies, the paper's contributions also include a number of useful implementation techniques that we discovered along the way.

关键词： Call stacks Concurrency Continuations Compilers Functional programming

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Program Synthesis from Polymorphic Refinement Types 16

Program Synthesis from Polymorphic Refinement Types

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37th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Polikarpova, Nadia Kuraj, Ivan Solar-Lezama, Armando MIT CSAIL Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450342612

We present a method for synthesizing recursive functions that provably satisfy a given specification in the form of a polymorphic refinement type. We observe that such specifications are particularly suitable for program synthesis for two reasons. First, they offer a unique combination of expressive power and decidability, which enables automatic verification-and hence synthesis-of nontrivial programs. Second, a type-based specification for a program can often be effectively decomposed into independent specifications for its components, causing the synthesizer to consider fewer component combinations and leading to a combinatorial reduction in the size of the search space. At the core of our synthesis procedure is a newalgorithm for refinement type checking, which supports specification decomposition. We have evaluated our prototype implementation on a large set of synthesis problems and found that it exceeds the state of the art in terms of both scalability and usability. The tool was able to synthesize more complex programs than those reported in prior work (several sorting algorithms and operations on balanced search trees), as well as most of the benchmarks tackled by existing synthesizers, often starting from a more concise and intuitive user input.

关键词： languages Verification Program Synthesis Functional programming Refinement Types Predicate Abstraction

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Expressive and safe static reflection with MorphJ 08

Expressive and safe static reflection with MorphJ

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Huang, Shan Shan Smaragdakis, Yannis Georgia Inst Technol Coll Comp Atlanta GA 30332 USA Univ Oregon Dept Comp & Informat Sci Eugene OR 97403 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595938602

Recently, language extensions have been proposed for Java and C# to support pattern-based reflective declaration. These extensions introduce a disciplined form of meta-programming and aspect-oriented programming to mainstream languages: They allow members of a class (i.e., fields and methods) to be declared by statically iterating over and pattern-matching on members of other classes. Such techniques, however, have been unable to safely express simple, but common, idioms such as declaring getter and setter methods for fields. In this paper, we present a mechanism that addresses the lack of expressiveness in past work without sacrificing safety. Our technique is based on the idea of nested patterns that elaborate the outer-most pattern with blocking or enabling conditions. We implemented this mechanism in a language, MorphJ. We demonstrate the expressiveness of MorphJ with real-world applications. In particular, the MorphJ reimplementation of DSTM2, a software transactional memory library, reduces 1,107 lines of Java reflection and bytecode engineering library calls to just 374 lines of MorphJ code. At the same time, the MorphJ solution is both high level and safer, as MorphJ can separately type check generic classes and catch errors early. We present and formalize the MorphJ type system, and offer a type-checking algorithm.

关键词： languages object-oriented programming structural abstraction class morphing aspect-oriented programming meta-programming language extensions

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Effective sign extension elimination 02

Effective sign extension elimination

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conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI 02)

作者： Kawahito, M Komatsu, H Nakatani, T IBM Tokyo Res Lab Kanagawa 2428502 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781581134636

Computer designs are shifting from 32-bit architectures to 64-bit architectures, while most of the programs available today are still designed for 32-bit architectures, Java(TM), for example, specifies the frequently used "int" as a 32-bit data type. If such Java programs are executed on a 64-bit architecture, many 32-bit values must be sign-extended to 64-bit values for integer operations. This causes serious performance overhead. In this paper, we present a fast and effective algorithm for eliminating sign extensions. We implemented this algorithm in the IBM Java Just-in-Time (JIT) compiler for IA-64(TM). Our experimental results show that our algorithm effectively eliminates the majority of sign extensions, They also show that it significantly improves performance, while it increases JIT compilation time by only 0.11%. We implemented our algorithm for programs in Java, but it can be applied to any language requiring sign extensions.

关键词： algorithms performance design experimentation sign extension 64-bit architectures Java JIT compilers IA-64

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A study of concurrent real-time garbage collectors 08

A study of concurrent real-time garbage collectors

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Pizlo, Filip Petrank, Erez Steensgaard, Bjarne Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Microsoft Res Redmond WA 98052 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595938602

Concurrent garbage collection is highly attractive for real-time systems, because offloading the collection effort from the executing threads allows faster response, allowing for extremely short deadlines at the microseconds level. Concurrent collectors also offer much better scalability over incremental collectors. The main problem with concurrent real-time collectors is their complexity. The first concurrent real-time garbage collector that can support fine synchronization, STOPLESS, has recently been presented by Pizlo et al. In this paper, we propose two additional ( and different) algorithms for concurrent real-time garbage collection: CLOVER and CHICKEN. Both collectors obtain reduced complexity over the first collector STOPLESS, but need to trade a benefit for it. We study the algorithmic strengths and weaknesses of CLOVER and CHICKEN and compare them to STOPLESS. Finally, we have implemented all three collectors on the Bartok compiler and runtime for C# and we present measurements to compare their efficiency and responsiveness.

关键词： algorithms design performance reliability

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Recursion Synthesis with Unrealizability Witnesses 2022

Recursion Synthesis with Unrealizability Witnesses

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43rd acm sigplan International conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Farzan, Azadeh Lette, Danya Nicolet, Victor Univ Toronto Dept Comp Sci Toronto ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450392655

We propose SE(2)GIS, a novel inductive recursion synthesis approach with the ability to both synthesize code and declare a problem unsolvable. SE(2)GIS combines a symbolic variant of counterexample-guided inductive synthesis (CEGIS) with a new dual inductive procedure, which focuses on proving a synthesis problem unsolvable rather than finding a solution for it. A vital component of this procedure is a new algorithm that produces a witness, a set of concrete assignments to relevant variables, as a proof that the synthesis instance is not solvable. Witnesses in the dual inductive procedure play the same role that solutions do in classic CEGIS;that is, they ensure progress. Given a reference function, invariants on the input recursive data types, and a target family of recursive functions, SE(2)GIS synthesizes an implementation in this family that is equivalent to the reference implementation, or declares the problem unsolvable and produces a witness for it. We demonstrate that SE(2)GIS is effective in both cases;that is, for interesting data types with complex invariants, it can synthesize non-trivial recursive functions or output witnesses that contain useful feedback for the user.

关键词： Program Synthesis Functional programming Invariants Unrealizability Recursion Abstraction

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Automated Clustering and Program Repair for Introductory programming Assignments 2018

Automated Clustering and Program Repair for Introductory Pro...

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39th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Gulwani, Sumit Radicek, Ivan Zuleger, Florian Microsoft Corp Redmond WA 98052 USA TU Wien Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356985

Providing feedback on programming assignments is a tedious task for the instructor, and even impossible in large Massive Open Online Courses with thousands of students. Previous research has suggested that program repair techniques can be used to generate feedback in programming education. In this paper, we present a novel fully automated program repair algorithm for introductory programming assignments. The key idea of the technique, which enables automation and scalability, is to use the existing correct student solutions to repair the incorrect attempts. We evaluate the approach in two experiments: (I) We evaluate the number, size and quality of the generated repairs on 4,293 incorrect student attempts from an existing MOOC. We find that our approach can repair 97% of student attempts, while 81% of those are small repairs of good quality. (II) We conduct a preliminary user study on performance and repair usefulness in an interactive teaching setting. We obtain promising initial results (the average usefulness grade 3.4 on a scale from 1 to 5), and conclude that our approach can be used in an interactive setting.

关键词： programming education MOOC dynamic analysis program repair clustering

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