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The liberty structural specification language: A high-level modeling language for component reuse

The liberty structural specification language: A high-level ...

引用

Proceedings of the 2004 acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI'04)

作者： Vachharajani, Manish Vachharajani, Neil August, David I. Department of Computer Science Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 United States

Rapid exploration of the design space with simulation models is essential for quality hardware systems research and development. Despite striking commonalities across hardware systems, designers routinely fail to achieve high levels of reuse across models constructed in existing general-purpose and domain-specific languages. This lack of reuse adversely impacts hardware system design by slowing the rate at which ideas are evaluated. This paper presents an examination of existing languages to reveal their fundamental limitations regarding reuse in hardware modeling. With this understanding, a solution is described in the context of the design and implementation of the Liberty Structural Specification language (LSS), the input language for a publicly available high-level digital-hardware modeling tool called the Liberty Simulation Environment. LSS is the first language to enable low-overhead reuse by simultaneously supporting static inference based on hardware structure and flexibility via parameterizable structure. Through LSS, this paper also introduces a new type inference algorithm and a new programming language technique, called use-based specialization, which, in a manner analogous to type inference, customizes reusable components by statically inferring structural properties that otherwise would have had to have been specified manually.

关键词： Computer programming languages

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Kill-safe synchronization abstractions

Kill-safe synchronization abstractions

引用

Proceedings of the 2004 acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI'04)

作者： Flatt, Matthew Findler, Robert Bruce University of Utah United States University of Chicago United States

When an individual task can be forcefully terminated at any time, cooperating tasks must communicate carefully. For example, if two tasks share an object, and if one task is terminated while it manipulates the object, the object may remain in an inconsistent or frozen state that incapacitates the other task. To support communication among terminable tasks, language run-time systems (and operating systems) provide kill-safe abstractions for inter-task communication. No kill-safe guarantee is available, however, for abstractions that are implemented outside the run-time system. In this paper, we show how a run-time system can support new kill-safe abstractions without requiring modification to the run-time system, and without requiring the run-time system to trust any new code. Our design frees the run-time implementor to provide only a modest set of synchronization primitives in the trusted computing base, while still allowing tasks to communicate using sophisticated abstractions.

关键词： Computer programming languages

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Mirrors: design principles for meta-level facilities of object-oriented programming languages

Mirrors: Design principles for meta-level facilities of obje...

引用

19th conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages, and Applications

作者： Bracha, G Ungar, D Sun Microsyst Inc Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Sun Microsyst Inc Mountain View CA 94043 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1581138318

We identify three design principles for reflection and metaprogramming facilities in object oriented programming languages. Encapsulation: meta-level facilities must encapsulate their implementation. Stratification: meta-level facilities must be separated from base-level functionality. Ontological correspondence: the ontology of meta-level facilities should correspond to the ontology of the language they manipulate. Traditional/mainstream reflective architectures do not follow these precepts. In contrast, reflective APIs built around the concept of mirrors are characterized by adherence to these three principles. Consequently, mirror-based architectures have significant advantages with respect to distribution, deployment and general purpose metaprogramming.

关键词： design languages reflection metaprogramming mirrors Java self smalltalk

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Region inference for an object-oriented language

Region inference for an object-oriented language

引用

Proceedings of the 2004 acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI'04)

作者： Chin, Wei-Ngan Craciun, Florin Qin, Shengchao Rinard, Martin Computer Science Programme Singapore-MIT Alliance Singapore Department of Computer Science National University of Singapore Singapore Laboratory for Computer Science Massachusetts Inst. of Technology United States

Region-based memory management offers several important potential advantages over garbage collection, including real-time performance, better data locality, and more efficient use of limited memory. Researchers have advocated the use of regions for functional, imperative, and object-oriented languages. Lexically scoped regions are now a core feature of the Real-Time Specification for Java (RTSJ). Recent research in region-based programming for Java has focused on region checking, which requires manual effort to augment the program with region annotations. In this paper, we propose an automatic region inference system for a core subset of Java. To provide an inference method that is both precise and practical, we support classes and methods that are region-polymorphic, with region-polymorphic recursion for methods. One challenging aspect is to ensure region safety in the presence of features such as class sub-typing, method overriding, and downcast operations. Our region inference rules can handle these object-oriented features safely without creating dangling references.

关键词： Object oriented programming

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Cloning-based context-sensitive pointer alias analysis using binary decision diagrams

Cloning-based context-sensitive pointer alias analysis using...

引用

Proceedings of the 2004 acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI'04)

作者： Whaley, John Lam, Monica S. Computer Science Department Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 United States

This paper presents the first scalable context-sensitive, inclusion-based pointer alias analysis for Java programs. Our approach to context sensitivity is to create a clone of a method for every context of interest, and run a context-insensitive algorithm over the expanded call graph to get context-sensitive results. For precision, we generate a clone for every acyclic path through a program's call graph, treating methods in a strongly connected component as a single node. Normally, this formulation is hopelessly intractable as a call graph often has 1014 acyclic paths or more. We show that these exponential relations can be computed efficiently using binary decision diagrams (BDDs). Key to the scalability of the technique is a context numbering scheme that exposes the commonalities across contexts. We applied our algorithm to the most popular applications available on Sourceforge, and found that the largest programs, with hundreds of thousands of Java bytecodes, can be analyzed in under 20 minutes. This paper shows that pointer analysis, and many other queries and algorithms, can be described succinctly and declaratively using Datalog, a logic programming language. We have developed a system called bddbddb that automatically translates Datalog programs into highly efficient BDD implementations. We used this approach to develop a variety of context-sensitive algorithms including side effect analysis, type analysis, and escape analysis.

关键词： Java programming language

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Parametric analysis for adaptive computation offloading

Parametric analysis for adaptive computation offloading

引用

conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Wang, C Li, ZY Purdue Univ Dept Comp Sci W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Many programs can be invoked under different execution options;input parameters and data files. Such different execution contexts may lead to strikingly different execution instances. The optimal code generation may be sensitive to the execution instances. In this paper, we show how to use parametric program analysis to deal with this issue for the optimization problem of computation offloading. Computation offloading has been shown to be an effective way to improve performance and energy saving on mobile devices. Optimal program partitioning for computation offloading depends on the tradeoff between the computation workload and the communication cost. The computation workload and communication requirement may change with different execution instances. Optimal decisions on program partitioning must be made at run time when sufficient information about workload and communication requirement becomes available. Our cost analysis obtains program computation workload and communication cost expressed as functions of run-time parameters, and our parametric partitioning algorithm finds the optimal program partitioning corresponding to different ranges of run-time parameters. At run time, the transformed program self-schedules its tasks on either the mobile device or the server, based on the optimal program partitioning that corresponds to the current values of run-time parameters. Experimental results on an HP IPAQ handheld device show that different run-time parameters can lead to quite different program partitioning decisions.

关键词： algorithms design experimentation measurement performance program partitioning program analysis program transformation computation offloading program profiling handheld devices adaptive optimization distributed system

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Min-cut program decomposition for thread-level speculation

Min-cut program decomposition for thread-level speculation

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Proceedings of the 2004 acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI'04)

作者： Johnson, Troy A. Eigenmann, Rudolf Vijaykumar, T.N. Sch. of Elec. and Comp. Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 United States

With billion-transistor chips on the horizon, single-chip multiprocessors (CMPs) are likely to become commodity components. Speculative CMPs use hardware to enforce dependence, allowing the compiler to improve performance by speculating on ambiguous dependences without absolute guarantees of independence. The compiler is responsible for decomposing a sequential program into speculatively parallel threads, while considering multiple performance overheads related to data dependence, load imbalance, and thread prediction. Although the decomposition problem lends itself to a min-cut-based approach, the over-heads depend on the thread size, requiring the edge weights to be changed as the algorithm progresses. The changing weights make our approach different from graph-theoretic solutions to the general problem of task scheduling. One recent work uses a set of heuristics, each targeting a specific overhead in isolation, and gives precedence to thread prediction, without comparing the performance of the threads resulting from each heuristic. By contrast, our method uses a sequence of balanced min-cuts that give equal consideration to all the overheads, and adjusts the edge weights after every cut. This method achieves an (geometric) average speedup of 74% for floating-point programs and 23% for integer programs on a four-processor chip, improving on the 52% and 13% achieved by the previous heuristics.

关键词： Computer programming

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The liberty structural specification language: A high-level modeling language for component reuse

The liberty structural specification language: A high-level ...

引用

conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Vachharajani, M Vachharajani, N August, DI Princeton Univ Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn Princeton NJ 08544 USA

Rapid exploration of the design space with simulation models is essential for quality hardware systems research and development. Despite striking commonalities across hardware systems, designers routinely fail to achieve high levels of reuse across models constructed in existing general-purpose and domain-specific languages. This lack of reuse adversely impacts hardware system design by slowing the rate at which ideas are evaluated. This paper presents an examination of existing languages to reveal their fundamental limitations regarding reuse in hardware modeling. With this understanding, a solution is described in the context of the design and implementation of the Liberty Structural Specification language (LSS), the input language for a publicly available high-level digital-hardware modeling tool called the Liberty Simulation Environment. LSS is the first language to enable low-overhead reuse by simultaneously supporting static inference based on hardware structure and flexibility via parameterizable structure. Through LSS, this paper also introduces a new type inference algorithm and a new programming language technique, called use-based specialization, which. in a manner analogous to type inference, customizes reusable components by statically inferring structural properties that otherwise would have had to have been specified manually.

关键词： Liberty Simulation Environment (LSE) Liberty Structural Specification (LSS) component reuse simulator construction structural modeling type inference use-based specialization

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Concrete syntax for objects - Domain-specific language embedding and assimilation without restrictions

Concrete syntax for objects - Domain-specific language embed...

引用

19th conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages, and Applications

作者： Bravenboer, M Visser, E Univ Utrecht Inst Comp & Informat Sci NL-3508 TB Utrecht Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)1581138318

Application programmer's interfaces give access to domain knowledge encapsulated in class libraries without providing the appropriate notation for expressing domain composition. Since object-oriented languages are designed for extensibility and reuse, the language constructs are often sufficient for expressing domain abstractions at the semantic level. However, they do not provide the right abstractions at the syntactic level. In this paper we describe META BORG, a method for providing concrete syntax for domain abstractions to application programmers. The method consists of embedding domain-specific languages in a general purpose host language and assimilating the embedded domain code into the surrounding host code. Instead of extending the implementation of the host language, the assimilation phase implements domain abstractions in terms of existing APIs leaving the host language undisturbed. Indeed, META-BORG can be considered a method for promoting APIs to the language level. The method is supported by proven and available technology, i.e. the syntax definition formalism SDF and the program transformation language and toolset Stratego/XT. We illustrate the method with applications in three domains: code generation, XML generation, and user-interface construction.

关键词： languages design METABORG stratego SDF embedded languages syntax extension extensible syntax domain-specific languages rewriting meta programming concrete object syntax

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Practical predicate dispatch 04

Practical predicate dispatch

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19th conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages, and Applications

作者： Millstein, T Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Comp Sci Los Angeles CA 90024 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781581138313

Predicate dispatch is an object-oriented (OO) language mechanism for determining the method implementation to be invoked upon a message send. With predicate dispatch, each method implementation includes a predicate guard specifying the conditions under which the method should be invoked, and logical implication of predicates determines the method overriding relation. Predicate dispatch naturally unifies and generalizes several common forms of dynamic dispatch, including traditional OO dispatch, multimethod dispatch, and functional-style pattern matching. Unfortunately, prior languages supporting predicate dispatch have had several deficiencies that limit its utility in practice. We introduce JPred, a backward-compatible extension to Java supporting predicate dispatch. While prior languages with predicate dispatch have been extensions to toy or non-mainstream languages, we show how predicate dispatch can be naturally added to a traditional OO language. While prior languages with predicate dispatch have required the whole program to be available for type-checking and compilation, JPred retains Java's modular type-checking and compilation strategies. While prior languages with predicate dispatch have included special-purpose algorithms for reasoning about predicates, JPred employs general-purpose, off-the-shelf decision procedures. As a result, JPred's type system is more flexible, allowing several useful programming idioms that are spuriously rejected by those other languages. After describing the JPred language and type system, we present a case study illustrating the utility of JPred in a real-world application, including its use in the detection of several errors.

关键词： design languages predicate dispatch dynamic dispatch modular typechecking

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