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Implicitly heterogeneous multi-stage programming 05

Implicitly heterogeneous multi-stage programming

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4th International conference on Generative programming and Component Engineering

作者： Eckhardt, J Kaiabachev, R Pasalic, E Swadi, K Taha, W Rice Univ Houston TX 77005 USA

ISBN: (纸本)3540291385

Previous work on semantics-based multi-stage programming (MSP) language design focused on homogeneous designs, where the generating and the generated languages are the same. Homogeneous designs simply add a hygienic quasi-quotation and evaluation mechanism to a base language. An apparent disadvantage of this approach is that the programmer is bound to both the expressivity and performance characteristics of the base language. This paper proposes a practical means to avoid this by providing specialized translations from subsets of the base language to different target languages. This approach preserves the homogeneous "look" of multi-stage programs, and, more importantly, the static guarantees about the generated code. In addition, compared to an explicitly heterogeneous approach, it promotes reuse of generator source code and systematic exploration of the performance characteristics of the target languages. To illustrate the proposed approach, we design and implement a translation to a subset of C suitable for numerical computation, and show that it preserves static typing. The translation is implemented, and evaluated with several benchmarks. The implementation is available in the online distribution of MetaOCaml.

关键词： Computer programming

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Pluggable AOP - designing aspect mechanisms for third-party composition

Pluggable AOP - Designing aspect mechanisms for third-party ...

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OOPSLA'05 - 20th Annual acm conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages, and Applications

作者： Kojarski, Sergei Lorenz, David H. Department of Computer Science University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904-4740 United States Northeastern University University of Virginia

Studies of Aspect-Oriented programming (AOP) usually focus on a language in which a specific aspect extension is integrated with a base language. languages specified in this manner have a fixed, non-extensible AOP functionality. This paper argues the need for AOP to support the integration and use of multiple domain-specific aspect extensions together. We study the more general case of integrating a base language with a set of third-party aspect extensions for that language. We present a general mixin-based semantic framework for implementing dynamic aspect extensions in such a way that multiple, independently developed aspect mechanisms can be subject to third-party composition and work collaboratively. Principles governing the design of a collaborative aspect mechanism are aspectual effect exposure and implementation hiding. Copyright 2005 acm.

关键词： Object oriented programming

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Pin: Building customized program analysis tools with dynamic instrumentation

Pin: Building customized program analysis tools with dynamic...

引用

2005 acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation, PLDI 05

作者： Luk, Chi-Keung Cohn, Robert Muth, Robert Patil, Harish Klauser, Artur Lowney, Geoff Wallace, Steven Reddi, Vijay Janapa Hazelwood, Kim Intel Corporation University of Colorado

Robust and powerful software instrumentation tools are essential for program analysis tasks such as profiling, performance evaluation, and bug detection. To meet this need, we have developed a new instrumentation system called Pin. Our goals are to provide easy-to-use, portable, transparent, and efficient instrumentation. Instrumentation tools (called Pintools) are written in C/C++ using Pin's rich API. Pin follows the model of ATOM, allowing the tool writer to analyze an application at the instruction level with-out the need for detailed knowledge of the underlying instruction set. The API is designed to be architecture independent whenever possible, making Pintools source compatible across different architectures. However, a Pintool can access architecture-specific details when necessary. Instrumentation with Pin is mostly transparent as the application and Pintool observe the application's original, uninstrumented behavior. Pin uses dynamic compilation to instrument executables while they are running. For efficiency, Pin uses several techniques, including inlining, register re-allocation, liveness analysis, and instruction scheduling to optimize instrumentation. This fully automated approach delivers significantly better instrumentation performance than similar tools. For example, Pin is 3.3x faster than Valgrind and 2x faster than DynamoRIO for basic-block counting. To illustrate Pin's versatility, we describe two Pintools in daily use to analyze production software. Pin is publicly available for Linux platforms on four architectures: IA32 (32-bit x86), EM64T (64-bit x86), Itanium®, and ARM. In the ten months since Pin 2 was released in July 2004, there have been over 3000 downloads from its website. Copyright 2005 acm.

关键词： Computer programming

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Adding trace matching with free variables to AspectJ

Adding trace matching with free variables to AspectJ

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OOPSLA'05 - 20th Annual acm conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages, and Applications

作者： Allan, Chris Avgustinov, Pavel Christensen, Aske Simon Hendren, Laurie Kuzins, Sascha Lhoták, Ondřej De Moor, Oege Sereni, Damien Sittampalam, Ganesh Tibble, Julian Programming Tools Group University of Oxford United Kingdom BRICS University of Aarhus Denmark Sable Research Group McGill University Montreal Canada

An aspect observes the execution of a base program;when certain actions occur, the aspect runs some extra code of its own. In the AspectJ language, the observations that an aspect can make are confined to the current action: it is not possible to directly observe the history of a computation. Recently, there have been several interesting proposals for new history-based language features, most notably by Douence et al. and by Walker and Viggers. In this paper, we present a new history-based language feature called tracematches that enables the programmer to trigger the execution of extra code by specifying a regular pattern of events in a computation trace, We have fully designed and implemented tracematches as a seamless extension of AspectJ. A key innovation in our tracematch approach is the introduction of free variables in the matching patterns. This enhancement enables a whole new class of applications in which events can be matched not only by the event kind, but also by the values associated with the free variables, We provide several examples of applications enabled by this feature. After introducing and motivating the idea of tracematches via examples, we present a detailed semantics of our language design, and we derive an implementation from that semantics. The implementation has been realised as an extension of the abc compiler for AspectJ. Copyright 2005 acm.

关键词： Formal languages

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Finding application errors and security flaws using PQL: A program query language

Finding application errors and security flaws using PQL: A p...

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OOPSLA'05 - 20th Annual acm conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages, and Applications

作者： Martin, Michael Livshits, Benjamin Lam, Monica S. Computer Science Department Stanford University

A number of effective error detection tools have been built in recent years to check if a program conforms to certain design rules, An important class of design rules deals with sequences of events associated with a set of related objects. This paper presents a language called PQL (Program Query language) that allows programmers to express such questions easily in an application-specific context. A query looks like a code excerpt corresponding to the shortest amount of code that would violate a design rule. Details of the target application's precise implementation are abstracted away. The programmer may also specify actions to perform when a match is found, such as recording relevant information or even correcting an erroneous execution on the fly. We have developed both static and dynamic techniques to find solutions to PQL queries, Our static analyzer finds all potential matches conservatively using a context-sensitive, flow-insensitive, inclusion-based pointer alias analysis, Static results are also useful in reducing the number of instrumentation points for dynamic analysis. Our dynamic analyzer instruments the source program to catch all violations precisely as the program runs and to optionally perform user-specified actions. We have implemented the techniques described in this paper and found 206 errors in 6 large real-world open-source Java applications containing a total of nearly 60,000 classes. These errors are important security flaws, resource leaks, and violations of consistency invariants. The combination of static and dynamic analysis proves effective at addressing a wide range of debugging and program comprehension queries. We have found that dynamic analysis is especially suitable for preventing errors such as security vulnerabilities at runtime. Copyright 2005 acm.

关键词： Error detection

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Pluggable AOP: designing aspect mechanisms for third-party composition 05

Pluggable AOP: designing aspect mechanisms for third-party c...

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Proceedings of the 20th annual acm sigplan conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications

作者： Sergei Kojarski David H. Lorenz University of Virginia Charlottesville VA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595930316

关键词： aspectual effect aspect mechanism COOL domain-specific aspect language collaboration AOP reuse AspectJ AOP semantics third-party composition mixin aspect extension software components CBSE AOSD AspectWerkz

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Mechanizing the meta-theory of programming languages 05

Mechanizing the meta-theory of programming languages

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Proceedings of the tenth acm sigplan international conference on Functional programming

作者： Robert Harper Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595930644

What does it mean for a programming language to exist? Usually languages are defined by an informal description augmented by a reference compiler whose behavior is regarded as normative. This approach works well so long as the one true implementation suffices, but as soon as we wish to have multiple compilers for the same language, we must agree on what the language is independently of its implementations. Most often this is accomplished through social processes such as standardization committees for building *** processes have served us well, and will continue to be important for language design. But they are not sufficient to support the level of rigor required to prove theorems about languages and programs written in them. For that we need a semantics, which provides an objective foundation for such analyses, typically in the form of a type system and an operational semantics. But merely having such a rigorous definition for a language is not enough — it must be validated by a body of meta-theory that establishes its coherence and its consistency with *** how are we to develop and maintain this body of theory? For full-scale languages the task is so onerous as to inhibit innovation and foster stagnation. The way forward is to take advantage of the recent advances in mechanized reasoning. By representing a language definition within a logical framework we may subject it to formal analysis, much as we use types to express and enforce crucial invariants in our programs. I will describe our use of the Twelf implementation of the LF logical framework, and discuss our successes and difficulties in using it as a tool for mechanizing the meta-theory of programming languages.

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Adding trace matching with free variables to AspectJ 05

Adding trace matching with free variables to AspectJ

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Proceedings of the 20th annual acm sigplan conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications

作者： Chris Allan Pavel Avgustinov Aske Simon Christensen Laurie Hendren Sascha Kuzins Ondřej Lhoták Oege de Moor Damien Sereni Ganesh Sittampalam Julian Tibble University of Oxford United Kingdom University of Aarhus Denmark McGill University Montreal Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781595930316

An aspect observes the execution of a base program; when certain actions occur, the aspect runs some extra code of its own. In the AspectJ language, the observations that an aspect can make are confined to the current action: it is not possible to directly observe the history of a ***, there have been several interesting proposals for new history-based language features, most notably by Douence et al. and by Walker and Viggers. In this paper, we present a new history-based language feature called tracematches that enables the programmer to trigger the execution of extra code by specifying a regular pattern of events in a computation trace. We have fully designed and implemented tracematches as a seamless extension of AspectJ.A key innovation in our tracematch approach is the introduction of free variables in the matching patterns. This enhancement enables a whole new class of applications in which events can be matched not only by the event kind, but also by the values associated with the free variables. We provide several examples of applications enabled by this *** introducing and motivating the idea of tracematches via examples, we present a detailed semantics of our language design, and we derive an implementation from that semantics. The implementation has been realised as an extension of the abc compiler for AspectJ.

关键词： program monitoring aspect-oriented programming

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Incrementalization across object abstraction 05

Incrementalization across object abstraction

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Proceedings of the 20th annual acm sigplan conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications

作者： Yanhong A. Liu Scott D. Stoller Michael Gorbovitski Tom Rothamel Yanni Ellen Liu State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781595930316

Object abstraction supports the separation of what operations are provided by systems and components from how the operations are implemented, and is essential in enabling the construction of complex systems from components. Unfortunately, clear and modular implementations have poor performance when expensive query operations are repeated, while efficient implementations that incrementally maintain these query results are much more difficult to develop and to understand, because the code blows up significantly, and is no longer clear or *** paper describes a powerful and systematic method that first allows the "what" of each component to be specified in a clear and modular fashion and implemented straightforwardly in an object-oriented language; then analyzes the queries and updates, across object abstraction, in the straightforward implementation; and finally derives the sophisticated and efficient "how" of each component by incrementally maintaining the results of repeated expensive queries with respect to updates to their parameters. Our implementation and experimental results for example applications in query optimization, role-based access control, etc. demonstrate the effectiveness and benefit of the method.

关键词： program analysis design invariants program optimization incrementalization object-oriented abstraction program transformation

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Finding application errors and security flaws using PQL: a program query language 05

Finding application errors and security flaws using PQL: a p...

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Proceedings of the 20th annual acm sigplan conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications

作者： Michael Martin Benjamin Livshits Monica S. Lam Stanford University

ISBN: (纸本)9781595930316

A number of effective error detection tools have been built in recent years to check if a program conforms to certain design rules. An important class of design rules deals with sequences of events asso-ciated with a set of related objects. This paper presents a language called PQL (Program Query language) that allows programmers to express such questions easily in an application-specific context. A query looks like a code excerpt corresponding to the shortest amount of code that would violate a design rule. Details of the tar-get application's precise implementation are abstracted away. The programmer may also specify actions to perform when a match is found, such as recording relevant information or even correcting an erroneous execution on the *** have developed both static and dynamic techniques to find solutions to PQL queries. Our static analyzer finds all potential matches conservatively using a context-sensitive, flow-insensitive, inclusion-based pointer alias analysis. Static results are also use-ful in reducing the number of instrumentation points for dynamic analysis. Our dynamic analyzer instruments the source program to catch all violations precisely as the program runs and to optionally perform user-specified *** have implemented the techniques described in this paper and found 206 errors in 6 large real-world open-source Java applica-tions containing a total of nearly 60,000 classes. These errors are important security flaws, resource leaks, and violations of consis-tency invariants. The combination of static and dynamic analysis proves effective at addressing a wide range of debugging and pro-gram comprehension queries. We have found that dynamic analysis is especially suitable for preventing errors such as security vulner-abilities at runtime.

关键词： bug finding resource leaks pattern matching SQL injection web applications program traces

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