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Software language Engineers' Worst Nightmare 13

Software Language Engineers' Worst Nightmare

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13th acm sigplan International conference on Software language Engineering (SLE) part of SPLASH conference

作者： Zaytsev, Vadim Univ Twente Enschede Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381765

Many techniques in software language engineering get their first validation by being prototyped to work on one particular language such as Java, Scala, Scheme, or ML, or a subset of such a language. Claims of their generalisability, as well as discussion on potential threats to their external validity, are often based on authors' ad hoc understanding of the world outside their usual comfort zone. To facilitate and simplify such discussions by providing a solid measurable ground, we propose a language called BabyCobol, which was specifically designed to contain features that turn processing legacy programming languages such as COBOL, FORTRAN, PL/I, REXX, CLIST, and 4GLs (fourth generation languages), into such a challenge. The language is minimal by design so that it can help to quickly find weaknesses in frameworks making them inapplicable to dealing with legacy software. However, applying new techniques of software language engineering and reverse engineering to such a small language will not be too tedious and overwhelming. BabyCobol was designed in collaboration with industrial compiler developers by systematically traversing features of several second, third and fourth generation languages to identify the core culprits in making development of compiler for legacy languages difficult.

关键词： domain-specific languages legacy software language engineering software migration teaching SLE

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Rustsim: A Process-Oriented Simulation Framework for the Rust language 23

Rustsim: A Process-Oriented Simulation Framework for the Rus...

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Proceedings of the Winter Simulation conference

作者： Kevin Frez Mauricio Oyarzún Alonso Inostrosa-Psijas Francisco Moreno Gabriel Wainer Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura Universidad Arturo Prat Iquique Chile Escuela de Ingeniería Informática Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile Depto. de Matemática y Ciencia de la Computación Universidad de Santiago Santiago Chile Dept. Of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369663

We present RustSim, a library for discrete-event process-oriented simulations designed and implemented in the Rust programming language. It includes a broad set of classes to allow the user to implement simulation processes and process-oriented primitives. The flexible modular design of RustSim allows users to extend its functionality. In addition, RustSim includes mechanisms to avoid inconsistencies when applying state-changing primitives that other libraries in the language's ecosystem do not provide. We take advantage of Rust generators (coroutine equivalents) to implement process-oriented simulation primitives. Finally, the library's internal process handling structure is discussed in detail, including its implementation, how simulations are executed, and a case study with a highly detailed example of its use.

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Implementing the Hammock-EFL Methodology for Project Management and Parallel programming: (Research in progress) 2021

Implementing the Hammock-EFL Methodology for Project Managem...

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7th conference on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems, ECBS 2021

作者： Goldstein, Moshe Eliezer, Oren Dayan, David Jerusalem College of Technology Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781450390576

In this paper we present the Python implementation of the Hammock-EFL methodology, whose model is a combination of project schedule design and parallel program design. Actually, it is a useful combination of two paradigms taken from two different disciplines: the intrinsically parallel Hammock Cost Techniques for project management and the Flexible Algorithms' approach to parallel programming and computation, which has been implemented by EFL (Embedded Flexible language). We show that the underlying hierarchical structure of a project (and its schedule), as well as that of a program, is essentially the same. We argue that this methodology, as a design tool, will allow the project designer, as well as the programmer, to think in a more holistic way, leading to the design of a time-efficient program, or project schedule. Now, that we have a tool based on the Hammock-EFL methodology, we will be able to do an in-depth investigation of the run time performance of programs written using it. © 2021 Association for Computing Machinery. All rights reserved.

关键词： Parallel programming

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Towards Assessing the Readability of programming Error Messages 21

Towards Assessing the Readability of Programming Error Messa...

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23rd Australasian Computing Education conference (ACE)

作者： Becker, Brett A. Denny, Paul Prather, James Pettit, Raymond Nix, Robert Mooney, Catherine Univ Coll Dublin Dublin Ireland Univ Auckland Auckland New Zealand Abilene Christian Univ Abilene TX 79699 USA Univ Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Oklahoma Christian Univ Edmond OK USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450389761

programming error messages have proven to be notoriously problematic for novices who are learning to program. Although recent efforts have focused on improving message wording, these have been criticized for attempting to improve usability without first understanding and addressing readability. To date, there has been no research dedicated to the readability of programming error messages and how this could be assessed. In this paper we examine human-based assessments of programming error message readability and make two important contributions. First, we conduct an experiment using the top twenty most-frequent error messages in three popular programming languages (Python, Java, and C), revealing that human notions of readability are highly subjective and dependent on both programming experience and language familiarity. Both novices and experts agreed more about which messages are more readable, but disagreed more about which messages are not readable. Second, we leverage the data from this experiment to uncover several key factors that seem to affect message readability: message length, message tone, and use of jargon. We discuss how these factors can help guide future efforts to design a readability metric for programming error messages.

关键词： compiler error messages compiler design and implementation CS1 enhanced error messages HCI novice programmers programming programming error messages readability

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BlankIt Library Debloating 41

BlankIt Library Debloating

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41st acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation, PLDI 2020

作者： Porter, Chris Mururu, Girish Barua, Prithayan Pande, Santosh Georgia Institute of Technology United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450376136

Modern software systems make extensive use of libraries derived from C and C++. Because of the lack of memory safety in these languages, however, the libraries may suffer from vulnerabilities, which can expose the applications to potential attacks. For example, a very large number of return-oriented programming gadgets exist in glibc that allow stitching together semantically valid but malicious Turing-complete and -incomplete programs. While CVEs get discovered and often patched and remedied, such gadgets serve as building blocks of future undiscovered attacks, opening an ever-growing set of possibilities for generating malicious programs. Thus, significant reduction in the quantity and expressiveness (utility) of such gadgets for libraries is an important problem. In this work, we propose a new approach for handling an application's library functions that focuses on the principle of "getting only what you want." This is a significant departure from the current approaches that focus on "cutting what is unwanted." Our approach focuses on activating/deactivating library functions on demand in order to reduce the dynamically linked code surface, so that the possibilities of constructing malicious programs diminishes substantially. The key idea is to load only the set of library functions that will be used at each library call site within the application at runtime. This approach of demand-driven loading relies on an input-aware oracle that predicts a near-exact set of library functions needed at a given call site during the execution. The predicted functions are loaded just in time and unloaded on return. We present a decision-tree based predictor, which acts as an oracle, and an optimized runtime system, which works directly with library binaries like GNU libc and libstdc++. We show that on average, the proposed scheme cuts the exposed code surface of libraries by 97.2%, reduces ROP gadgets present in linked libraries by 97.9%, achieves a prediction accuracy in most

关键词： C++ (programming language)

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Contextual exploration of mathematical formulae on the web for people with visual disabilities in brazil with an open-source screen reader 22

Contextual exploration of mathematical formulae on the web f...

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21st Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems, IHC 2022

作者： Guedes, Hérlon Manollo Cândido Cardoso, Paula C.F. Watanabe, William Massami Freire, André Pimenta Federal University of Lavras MG Lavras Brazil Federal Technological University of Paraná PR Cornélio Procópio Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450395069

Despite the technological advances in screen readers, specific contents such as mathematics are still a problem for people with visual disabilities. Due to the complexity of mathematical notations and their abstract nature, mathematics is a science that presents challenges for understanding by means other than visual. Thus, reading mathematical content using screen readers currently faces problems such as ambiguity, help to understand long formulae, and identifying specific elements. Besides, even with reading problems, few screen readers support reading this type of content in Portuguese. This study presents the implementation and evaluation of an add-on for reading and exploring mathematical formulae with NVDA considering contextual in-formula exploration and navigation. This way, the add-on enables the possibility of internally exploring the formulae using contextual delineations in mathematical elements with support to the Brazilian variant of the Portuguese language. The add-on, entitled Access8Math-NavMatBR, was based on the open-source Access8Math add-on. The version of the add-on was developed and evaluated in usability tests with the participation of six people with visual disabilities. Tests with the new system demonstrated an improvement in the understanding of formulae and an improvement in access to specific elements with exploration with an abstraction of formulae. The evaluation identified 52 instances of issues identified by users, involving problems with the commands and interaction approaches to explore the formulae and their parts, the verbalization by the screen reader and the platform's structure. The paper presents design implications for systems for reading mathematical formulae in the Brazilian context and considerations on the exploration patterns used by Brazilian users when reading and browsing mathematical formulae. © 2022 acm.

关键词： Computer programming

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End-User Software Customization by Direct Manipulation of Tabular Data

End-User Software Customization by Direct Manipulation of Ta...

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acm sigplan International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on programming and Software (Onward) Part of part of SPLASH conference

作者： Litt, Geoffrey Jackson, Daniel Millis, Tyler Quaye, Jessica MIT 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381789

Customizing software should be as easy as using it. Unfortunately, most customization methods require users to abruptly shift from using a graphical interface to writing scripts in a programming language. We introduce data-driven customization, a new way for end users to extend software by direct manipulation without doing traditional programming. We augment existing user interfaces with a table view showing the structured data inside the application. When users edit the table, their changes are reflected in the original UI. This simple model accommodates a spreadsheet formula language and custom data-editing widgets, providing enough power to implement a variety of useful extensions. We illustrate the approach with Wildcard, a browser extension that implements data-driven customization on the web using web scraping. Through concrete examples, we show that this paradigm can support useful extensions to many real websites, and we share reflections from our experiences using the tool. Finally, we share our broader vision for data-driven customization: a future where end users have more access to the data inside their applications, and can more flexibly re-purpose that data as part of everyday software usage.

关键词： end user programming software customization browser extensions web automation spreadsheets

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Cephalopode: A custom processor aimed at functional language execution for IoT devices 18

Cephalopode: A custom processor aimed at functional language...

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18th acm-IEEE International conference on Formal Methods and Models for System design (MEMOCODE)

作者： Pope, Jeremy Saget, Jules Seger, Carl-Johan H. Chalmers Univ Technol Dept CSE Gothenburg Sweden Ecole Normale Super Dept Informat Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9781728191485

The Internet of Things (IoT) conceives a future where "things" are interconnected by means of suitable information and communication technologies. Unfortunately, recent events have demonstrated the high vulnerability of IoT. One of the main reasons for this is the use of low-level programming languages. The Octopi project is developing technologies to easily and securely program IoT devices by the use of functional high-level languages. Unfortunately, a traditional implementation of a modern functional language that runs on traditional hardware is very resource demanding. So resource demanding that few, if any, IoT devices can run them. In the Cephalopode project (which is a subproject of Octopi) we are exploring the implementation of a very low power hardware device directly aimed at running a high-level functional language. By integrating many resource-heavy tasks into dedicated hardware, we aim at creating an execution engine for IoT devices that will allow secure programming.

关键词： Internet of Things IoT Functional languages Custom hardware architectures

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design a game of charged particles moving in a uniform magnetic field based on unity 3D-Take "the wise snake through the pass" as an example 2021

Design a game of charged particles moving in a uniform magne...

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6th International conference on Distance Education and Learning, ICDEL 2021

作者： Qiu, Shuang Zhang, Feng Peng, Zhao-Yang College of Physics and Electronic Information Yunnan Normal University Kunmming650500 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450390033

Educational games are hot spots in the field of education, and they are widely concerned by scholars. Educational games can prompt students to understand and grasp knowledge in the process of participating in the game. Since Unity3d is the mainstream game development software, educators should think about how to use it to design a game that aims at the current teaching difficulties to supplement daily teaching. The motion of charged particles in uniform magnetic field is the focus of physics course in senior high school. Most of the students said that they felt inadequate when solving problems that required them to depict the topic of the electric particle movement trajectory. In view of the actual situation of the above students, this paper uses the Unity engine, C # programming language and the relevant education theory related to education game designing to design a 2D game. The purpose is to make students understand the trajectory of charged particles in the uniform magnetic field in the process of participating in the game, and then learn the relevant knowledge of electromagnetic part better. © 2021 acm.

关键词： Charged particles

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Matching Logic: The Foundation of the K Framework (Invited Talk) 2020

Matching Logic: The Foundation of the K Framework (Invited T...

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9th acm sigplan International conference on Certified Programs and Proofs (CPP)

作者： Rosu, Grigore Chen, Xiaohong Univ Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Runtime Verificat Los Angeles CA 90062 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450370974

The K framework (***) is an effort in realizing the ideal language framework, where programming languages must have formal semantics and all language tools are automatically generated from the formal semantics. Until recently, K has been developed as an engineering endeavor driven by challenges such as formalizing the complete semantics of large languages (C, Java, JavaScript, Python, etc), but deriving its semantics from translations to various formalisms, such as rewriting logic, graph transformations, or Coq. This semantics borrowing approach came not only at a notational cost, where the original language meaning was "lost in translation", but also at a foundational cost: the target formalisms were more complicated than necessary, yet more restricted due to their prescribed ways to define language semantics. In this talk I will present matching logic as the new and direct foundation of K. I will also discuss some of its applications in defining constructors, transition systems, modal mu-logic and temporal logic variants, reachability logic and thus Hoare logics, and separation-logic-style recursive predicates and patterns. Matching logic can therefore be regarded as an expressive foundation for programming languages, and K as a best effort implementation. An appealing aspect of matching logic's Hilbert-style proof system is that it admits a small proof checker, in the order of 200 LOC including parsing.

关键词： language frameworks formal semantics logic

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