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1st International conference on the Art, Science and Engineering of programming, programming 2017

作者： Clark, Colin Basman, Antranig OCAD University Canada Raising the Floor United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781450348362

We will situate the concept of an avatar (a working simulacrum of part of a system separated from it in space or time) with respect to traditional concepts of programming language and systems design. Whilst much theory and practice argues in favour of insulation (the creation of architectural boundaries prohibiting the leakage of information) we will find that many successful systems take a diametrically opposed approach. We name this family of systems as those based on externalised state transfer. Rather than hiding implementation details behind APIs, object interfaces or similar, these systems actively advertise their internal structure and its coordinates via data and metadata. Examples of these systems include RESTful web applications, MIDI devices, and the DWARF debugging €le format. We discuss such systems and how we can purposefully design new systems embodying such virtues in a more distilled form. © 2017 acm.

关键词： Application programming interfaces (API)

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From Scenario Modeling to Scenario programming for Reactive Systems with Dynamic Topology 2017

From Scenario Modeling to Scenario Programming for Reactive ...

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11th Joint Meeting of European Software Engineering conference (ESEC) / acm SIGSOFT Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE)

作者： Greenyer, Joel Gritzner, Daniel Koenig, Florian Dahlke, Jannik Shi, Jianwei Wete, Eric Leibniz Univ Hannover Software Engn Grp Welfengarten 1 D-30167 Hannover Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450351058

Software-intensive systems often consist of cooperating reactive components. In mobile and reconfigurable systems, their topology changes at run-time, which influences how the components must cooperate. The Scenario Modeling language (SML) offers a formal approach for specifying the reactive behavior such systems that aligns with how humans conceive and communicate behavioral requirements. Simulation and formal checks can find specification flaws early. We present a framework for the Scenario-based programming (SBP) that reflects the concepts of SML in Java and makes the scenario modeling approach available for programming. SBP code can also be generated from SML and extended with platform-specific code, thus streamlining the transition from design to implementation. As an example serves a car-to-x communication *** video and artifact: http://***/esecfse-2017-tool-demo/

关键词： Scenario-based modeling reactive systems distributed embedded systems dynamic topologies assume/guarantee specifications

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Demo abstract: design and implementation of a low-cost arduino-based high-frequency AC waveform meter board for the raspberry Pi 4

Demo abstract: Design and implementation of a low-cost ardui...

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4th acm International conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Built Environments, BuildSys 2017

作者： Quintana, Matias Lange, Henning Bergés, Mario Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450354769

This paper introduces a low-cost AC meter designed to continuously measure voltage and current waveforms at up to 14 kHz. The AC power meter, provided as open hardware, is designed using the same micro controller as the Arduino UNO1 with an In-system programming (ISP) interface, thus allowing the user to change the firmware to match their particular use case using Arduino libraries or standard C language. The suggested design is compatible with the Raspberry Pi 32, making it a suitable real-time measurement accessory for the single board computer. The platform features an 8 channel simultaneous sampling Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) which allows a high fidelity sampling without time offsets. Depending on how the user decides to combine current transformers (CTs) and AC-AC voltage adapters for the input channels, circuit breakers or appliances can be measured in either one phase or three phases. © 2017 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Firmware

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SQL-PL4OCL : An automatic code generator from OCL to SQL Procedural language 17

SQL-PL<i>4</i>OCL : An automatic code generator from OCL to ...

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acm/IEEE 20th International conference on Model Driven Engineering languages and Systems (MODELS)

作者： Egea, Marina Dania, Carolina Minsait Indra Madrid Spain IMDEA Software Inst Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781538634929

design models are widely spread as core artifacts in software engineering. Yet, a key problem is how to fulfill correctly these blueprint specifications when code components are developed. The best possible scenario occurs when a source modeling language can be perfectly linked to a target language of election. Namely, a well defined mapping bridges the gap between the source and the target language. Otherwise, manual encoding of the system design is cumbersome and error prone. In this setting, we introduce a SQL-PL code generator for OCL expressions that, in contrast to other proposals, is able to map OCL iterate and iterator expressions thanks to our use of stored procedures. More in detail, our source language is the Object Constraint language (OCL), which nowadays is an ISO standard used to express constraints and queries in a textual notation on UML models. Our target language is the procedural language (PL) extension to the Structured Query language (SQL). SQL is a special-purpose programming language designed for managing data in relational database management systems (RDBMS). The purpose of PL for SQL is to combine database language and procedural programming language. Although SQL is also an ISO standard, different RDBMS implement certain syntactic variations to the standard SQL notation. Thus, we had to adapt the implementation of our mapping to each of them. As implementation targets we selected MariaDB, PostgreSQL, and MS SQL Server. MariaDB and PostgreSQL were selected because they are open source and widely used by developers. MS SQL server was selected to be able to compare evaluation time from open source to commercial RDBMS. A variety of applications arises for a mapping from OCL to SQL expressions. Among others, there are three prominent types. These are i) evaluation of OCL expressions (analysis queries and metrics) on large model's instances, ii) identification of constraints during data modeling that have to be checked as integrity constraints o

关键词： Structured Query language Unified modeling language Generators Analytical models Data models Tools Software

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Hardware software co-design in Haskell

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acm sigplan Notices 2017年第10期52卷 162-173页

作者： Aronsson, Markus Sheeran, Mary Chalmers University of Technology Sweden

We present a library in Haskell for programming Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), including hardware software co-design. Code for software (in C) and hardware (in VHDL) is generated from a single program, along with the code to support communication between hardware and software. We present type-based techniques for the simultaneous implementation of more than one embedded domain specific language (EDSL). We build upon a generic representation of imperative programs that is loosely coupled to instruction and expression types, allowing the individual parts to be developed and improved separately. Code generation is implemented as a series of translations between progressively smaller, typed EDSLs, safeguarding against errors that arise in untyped translations. Initial case studies show promising performance. © 2017 acm.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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From Datalog to FLIX: A Declarative language for Fixed Points on Lattices 16

From Datalog to FLIX: A Declarative Language for Fixed Point...

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37th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Madsen, Magnus Yee, Ming-Ho Lhotak, Ondrej Univ Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450342612

We present FLIX, a declarative programming language for specifying and solving least fixed point problems, particularly static program analyses. FLIX is inspired by Datalog and extends it with lattices and monotone functions. Using FLIX, implementors of static analyses can express a broader range of analyses than is currently possible in pure Datalog, while retaining its familiar rule-based syntax. We define a model-theoretic semantics of FLIX as a natural extension of the Datalog semantics. This semantics captures the declarative meaning of FLIX programs without imposing any specific evaluation strategy. An efficient strategy is semi-naive evaluation which we adapt for FLIX. We have implemented a compiler and runtime for FLIX, and used it to express several well-known static analyses, including the IFDS and IDE algorithms. The declarative nature of FLIX clearly exposes the similarity between these two algorithms.

关键词： logic programming static analysis Datalog Logic programming Static Analysis

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Elevate embedded real-time programming with a synchronous language 17

Elevate embedded real-time programming with a synchronous la...

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15th acm-IEEE International conference on Formal Methods and Models for System design (MEMOCODE)

作者： Grosch, Franz-Josef Robert Bosch GmbH Gerlingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450350938

Product development at companies such as Bosch requires systems engineering for digital hardware and mechatronic components as well as software engineering for resource-constrained real-time applications cooperating with distributed server applications. While many of the involved engineering disciplines greatly benefit from model-based approaches and from advances in software infrastructures, deeply embedded software still is written in C since the seventies and runs on platforms designed in the nineties (e.g. OSEK). Simulation tools like Simulink or Modelica are used to test discrete code against continuous plant models or to generate code for certain aspects, but they do not really provide modern implementation technologies to address software architecture and qualities or to make embedded programming "attractive" for software *** regard synchronous languages as suitable to solve many of the issues in the integration (causality) and synchronisation (clocks) of time-triggered and event-triggered embedded functions that exhibit their behaviour over time steps and are coordinated according to their mode-switching in a structured synchronous control flow. Searching for an imperative synchronous language (with deterministic concurrent composition, and synchronous control flow), equipped with features for encapsulation and composition (objects, packages, separate compilation) and supporting programming parallel tasks deployed to separate cores (clock refinement and deterministic inter-task communication), we ended up in designing our own language, suitable for resource-constrained, real-time applications running on multi-core *** will explain the main requirements and features of this language, how they integrate with the principles of a synchronous language, how they can be applied to typical everyday problems in embedded development, and how such locally synchronous services may integrate in a globally asynchronous service architecture.

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design heuristics for reliable and flexible virtual machine subsystems 17

Design heuristics for reliable and flexible virtual machine ...

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12th International Workshop on Smalltalk Technologies, IWST 2017

作者： Valloud, Andrés LabWare Inc

ISBN: (纸本)9781450355544

This paper describes the process of designing a logging subsystem for a Smalltalk virtual machine written in C to illustrate a software design methodology focused on promoting reliability and flexibility. The design approach begins with identifying responsibilities, as well as sources of change and risk. Once these are determined, the implementation space is carved so that the areas affected by these sources of change and risk are encapsulated by interface boundaries that simultaneously fulfill the required responsibilities. Aligning responsibilities with sources of change and risk during this process results in clearer, less ambiguous interface boundaries. Interface clarity improvement manifests in a number of ways. For example, change mitigation implementation approaches should not be exposed by, or propagated through, their enclosing interface. Concentrating interface focus on fulfilling responsibilities reduces behavioral ambiguity. Moreover, by aligning responsibilities with sources of change and risk, the scope of responsibilities affected by future modifications is constrained. The resulting interfaces are more stable over time, and therefore reduce the background source code maintenance overhead. Consequently, these interfaces gain clarity from their stability. As an almost unintended side effect of this design methodology, the logging facility gained flexibility beyond initial expectations. Specifically, the more accurate boundaries allowed extending the logging subsystem’s functionality in several beneficial, unanticipated ways without affecting its users or inducing code duplication. Hence, this design methodology also seems valuable as a heuristic approach to handle new feature requirements. Copyright is held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Virtual machine

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Futhark: Purely functional GPU-programming with nested parallelism and in-place array updates

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acm sigplan Notices 2017年第6期52卷 556-571页

作者： Henriksen, Troels Serup, Niels G. W. Elsman, Martin Henglein, Fritz Oancea, Cosmin E. University of Copenhagen Denmark

Futhark is a purely functional data-parallel array language that offers a machine-neutral programming model and an optimising compiler that generates OpenCL code for GPUs. This paper presents the design and implementation of three key features of Futhark that seek a suitable middle ground with imperative approaches. First, in order to express efficient code inside the parallel constructs, we introduce a simple type system for in-place updates that ensures referential transparency and supports equational reasoning. Second, we furnish Futhark with parallel operators capable of expressing efficient strength-reduced code, along with their fusion rules. Third, we present a flattening transformation aimed at enhancing the degree of parallelism that (i) builds on loop interchange and distribution but uses higher-order reasoning rather than array-dependence analysis, and (ii) still allows further locality-of-reference optimisations. Finally, an evaluation on 16 benchmarks demonstrates the impact of the language and compiler features and shows application-level performance competitive with hand-written GPU code. © 2017 acm.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Synthesizing Transformations on Hierarchically Structured Data 16

Synthesizing Transformations on Hierarchically Structured Da...

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37th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Yaghmazadeh, Navid Klinger, Christian Dillig, Isil Chaudhuri, Swarat Univ Texas Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Freiburg Freiburg Germany Rice Univ Houston TX 77251 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450342612

This paper presents a new approach for synthesizing transformations on tree-structured data, such as Unix directories and XML documents. We consider a general abstraction for such data, called hierarchical data trees (HDTs) and present a novel example-driven synthesis algorithm for HDT transformations. Our central insight is to reduce the problem of synthesizing tree transformers to the synthesis of list transformations that are applied to the paths of the tree. The synthesis problem over lists is solved using a new algorithm that combines SMT solving and decision tree learning. We have implemented our technique in a system called HADES and show that HADES can automatically synthesize a variety of interesting transformations collected from online forums.

关键词： languages Program synthesis programming by example data transformations

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