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36th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Zhang, Yizhou Loring, Matthew C. Salvaneschi, Guido Liskov, Barbara Myers, Andrew C. Cornell Univ Ithaca NY 14853 USA Tech Univ Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334686

The support for generic programming in modern object-oriented programming languages is awkward and lacks desirable expressive power. We introduce an expressive genericity mechanism that adds expressive power and strengthens static checking, while remaining lightweight and simple in common use cases. Like type classes and concepts, the mechanism allows existing types to model type constraints retroactively. For expressive power, we expose models as named constructs that can be defined and selected explicitly to witness constraints;in common uses of genericity, however, types implicitly witness constraints without additional programmer effort. Models are integrated into the object-oriented style, with features like model generics, model-dependent types, model enrichment, model multimethods, constraint entailment, model inheritance, and existential quantification further extending expressive power in an object-oriented setting. We introduce the new genericity features and show that common generic programming idioms, including current generic libraries, can be expressed more precisely and concisely. The static semantics of the mechanism and a proof of a key decidability property can be found in an associated technical report.

关键词： Genus generic programming constraints models

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Exploring and Enforcing Security Guarantees via Program Dependence Graphs 15

Exploring and Enforcing Security Guarantees via Program Depe...

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36th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Johnson, Andrew Waye, Lucas Moore, Scott Chong, Stephen MIT Lincoln Lab Cambridge MA 02139 USA Harvard Univ Cambridge MA 02138 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334686

We present PIDGIN, a program analysis and understanding tool that enables the specification and enforcement of precise application-specific information security guarantees. PIDGIN also allows developers to interactively explore the information flows in their applications to develop policies and investigate counter-examples. PIDGIN combines program dependence graphs (PDGs), which precisely capture the information flows in a whole application, with a custom PDG query language. Queries express properties about the paths in the PDG;because paths in the PDG correspond to information flows in the application, queries can be used to specify global security policies. PIDGIN is scalable. Generating a PDG for a 330k line Java application takes 90 seconds, and checking a policy on that PDG takes under 14 seconds. The query language is expressive, supporting a large class of precise, application-specific security guarantees. Policies are separate from the code and do not interfere with testing or development, and can be used for security regression testing. We describe the design and implementation of PIDGIN and report on using it: (1) to explore information security guarantees in legacy programs;(2) to develop and modify security policies concurrently with application development;and (3) to develop policies based on known vulnerabilities.

关键词： Application-specific security program dependence graph graph query language

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Orchestrating Masses of Sensors: A design-Driven Development Approach 2015

Orchestrating Masses of Sensors: A Design-Driven Development...

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14th acm sigplan International conference on Generative-programming - Concepts and Experiences (GPCE) co-located with SPLASH conference

作者： Kabac, Milan Consel, Charles Inria Bordeaux Bordeaux France Univ Bordeaux Bordeaux France

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336871

This paper proposes a design-driven development approach that is dedicated to the domain of orchestration of masses of sensors. The developer declares what an application does using a domain-specific language (DSL). Our compiler processes domain-specific declarations to generate a customized programming framework that guides and supports the programming phase.

关键词： Generative programming domain-specific languages programming frameworks sensors pervasive computing

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CLOP: A Multi-stage Compiler to Seamlessly Embed Heterogeneous Code 2015

CLOP: A Multi-stage Compiler to Seamlessly Embed Heterogeneo...

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14th acm sigplan International conference on Generative-programming - Concepts and Experiences (GPCE) co-located with SPLASH conference

作者： Makarov, Dmitri Hauswirth, Matthias Univ Svizzera Italiana Lugano Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336871

Heterogeneous programming complicates software development. We present CLOP, a platform that embeds code targeting heterogeneous compute devices in a convenient and clean way, allowing unobstructed data flow between the host code and the devices, reducing the amount of source code by an order of magnitude. The CLOP compiler uses the standard facilities of the D programming language to generate code strictly at compile-time. In this paper we describe the CLOP language and the CLOP compiler implementation.

关键词： Heterogeneous programming Embedded languages Staging

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Concurrency Debugging with Differential Schedule Projections 15

Concurrency Debugging with Differential Schedule Projections

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36th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Machado, Nuno Lucia, Brandon Rodrigues, Luis Univ Lisbon Inst Super Tecn INESC ID P-1699 Lisbon Portugal Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334686

We present Symbiosis: a concurrency debugging technique based on novel differential schedule projections (DSPs). A DSP shows the small set of memory operations and data-flows responsible for a failure, as well as a reordering of those elements that avoids the failure. To build a DSP, Symbiosis first generates a full, failing, multithreaded schedule via thread path profiling and symbolic constraint solving. Symbiosis selectively reorders events in the failing schedule to produce a non-failing, alternate schedule. A DSP reports the ordering and data-flow differences between the failing and non-failing schedules. Our evaluation on buggy real-world software and benchmarks shows that, in practical time, Symbiosis generates DSPs that both isolate the small fraction of event orders and data-flows responsible for the failure, and show which event reorderings prevent failing. In our experiments, DSPs contain 81% fewer events and 96% fewer data-flows than the full failure-inducing schedules. Moreover, by allowing developers to focus on only a few events, DSPs reduce the amount of time required to find a valid fix.

关键词： Algorithms design Reliability Concurrency Debugging Symbolic Execution Constraint Solving Differential Schedule Projection

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Almost First-Class language Embedding Taming Staged Embedded DSLs 2015

Almost First-Class Language Embedding Taming Staged Embedded...

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14th acm sigplan International conference on Generative-programming - Concepts and Experiences (GPCE) co-located with SPLASH conference

作者： Scherr, Maximilian Chiba, Shigeru Univ Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336871

Embedded domain-specific languages (EDSLs), inheriting a general-purpose language's features as well as look-and-feel, have traditionally been second-class or rather non-citizens in terms of host-language design. This makes sense when one regards them to be on the same level as traditional, non-EDSL library interfaces. However, this equivalence only applies to the simplest of EDSLs. In this paper we illustrate why this is detrimental when moving on to EDSLs that employ staging, i.e. program reification, by example of various issues that affect authors and users alike. We believe that if EDSLs are to be considered a reliable, language-like interface abstraction, they require exceptional attention and design scrutiny. Instead of unenforceable conventions, we advocate the acceptance of EDSLs as proper, i.e. almost first-class, citizens while retaining most advantages of pure embeddings. As a small step towards this goal, we present a pragmatic framework prototype for Java. It is based on annotations that explicate and document membership to explicit EDSL entities. In a nutshell, our framework identifies (annotated) method calls and field accesses as EDSL terms and dynamically constructs an abstract-syntax representation, which is eventually passed to a semantics-defining back end implemented by the EDSL author.

关键词： Java implementation embedded DSLs metaprogramming program transformation staging programming languages design

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Synthesizing Data Structure Transformations from Input-Output Examples 15

Synthesizing Data Structure Transformations from Input-Outpu...

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36th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Feser, John K. Chaudhuri, Swarat Dillig, Isil Rice Univ Houston TX 77251 USA UT Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334686

We present a method for example-guided synthesis of functional programs over recursive data structures. Given a set of input-output examples, our method synthesizes a program in a functional language with higher-order combinators like map and fold. The synthesized program is guaranteed to be the simplest program in the language to fit the examples. Our approach combines three technical ideas: inductive generalization, deduction, and enumerative search. First, we generalize the input-output examples into hypotheses about the structure of the target program. For each hypothesis, we use deduction to infer new input/output examples for the missing subexpressions. This leads to a new subproblem where the goal is to synthesize expressions within each hypothesis. Since not every hypothesis can be realized into a program that fits the examples, we use a combination of best-first enumeration and deduction to search for a hypothesis that meets our needs. We have implemented our method in a tool called lambda(2), and we evaluate this tool on a large set of synthesis problems involving lists, trees, and nested data structures. The experiments demonstrate the scalability and broad scope of lambda(2). A highlight is the synthesis of a program believed to be the world's earliest functional pearl.

关键词： Program synthesis programming by example data transformations search-based synthesis automated deduction

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Light: Replay via Tightly Bounded Recording 15

Light: Replay via Tightly Bounded Recording

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36th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Liu, Peng Zhang, Xiangyu Tripp, Omer Zheng, Yunhui Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334686

Reproducing concurrency bugs is a prominent challenge. Existing techniques either rely on recording very fine grained execution information and hence have high runtime overhead, or strive to log as little information as possible but provide no guarantee in reproducing a bug. We present Light, a technique that features much lower overhead compared to techniques based on fine grained recording, and that guarantees to reproduce concurrent bugs. We leverage and formally prove that recording flow dependences is the necessary and sufficient condition to reproduce a concurrent bug. The flow dependences, together with the thread local orders that can be automatically inferred (and hence not logged), are encoded as scheduling constraints. An SMT solver is used to derive a replay schedule, which is guaranteed to exist even though it may be different from the original schedule. Our experiments show that Light has only 44% logging overhead, almost one order of magnitude lower than the state of the art techniques relying on logging memory accesses. Its space overhead is only 10% of those techniques. Light can also reproduce all the bugs we have collected whereas existing techniques miss some of them.

关键词： design Performance Reliability Concurrency Replay Thread Determinism Tight Bound Local Recording

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Extensible language implementation with Object Algebras (Short Paper) 2014

Extensible Language Implementation with Object Algebras (Sho...

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13th conference on Generative programming - Concepts and Experiences (GPCE)

作者： Gouseti, Maria Peters, Chiel van der Storm, Tijs CWI NL-1009 AB Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781450331616

Object Algebras are a recently introduced design pattern to make the implementation of recursive data types more extensible. In this short paper we report our experience in using Object Algebras in building a realistic domain- specific language (DSL) for questionnaires, called QL. This experience has led to a simple, yet powerful set of tools for the practical and flexible implementation of highly extensible languages.

关键词： Object Algebras extensibility interpreter design languages

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Scalable Kernel TCP design and implementation for Short-Lived Connections

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2016年第4期51卷 339-352页

作者： Lin, Xiaofeng Chen, Yu Li, Xiaodong Mao, Junjie He, Jiaquan Xu, Wei Shi, Yuanchun Sina Corp ZHIHU Corp Beijing Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol Beijing Peoples R China Sina Corp Beijing Peoples R China

With the rapid growth of network bandwidth, increases in CPU cores on a single machine, and application API models demanding more short-lived connections, a scalable TCP stack is performance-critical. Although many clean-state designs have been proposed, production environments still call for a bottom-up parallel TCP stack design that is backward-compatible with existing applications. We present Fastsocket, a BSD Socket-compatible and scalable kernel socket design, which achieves table-level connection partition in TCP stack and guarantees connection locality for both passive and active connections. Fastsocket architecture is a ground up partition design, from NIC interrupts all the way up to applications, which naturally eliminates various lock contentions in the entire stack. Moreover, Fastsocket maintains the full functionality of the kernel TCP stack and BSD-socket-compatible API, and thus applications need no modifications. Our evaluations show that Fastsocket achieves a speedup of 20.4x on a 24-core machine under a workload of short-lived connections, outperforming the state-of-the-art Linux kernel TCP implementations. When scaling up to 24 CPU cores, Fastsocket increases the throughput of Nginx and HAProxy by 267% and 621% respectively compared with the base Linux kernel. We also demonstrate that Fastsocket can achieve scalability and preserve BSD socket API at the same time. Fastsocket is already deployed in the production environment of Sina WeiBo, serving 50 million daily active users and billions of requests per day.

关键词： TCP/IP multicore system operating system

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