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2nd Workshop on Free Composition @ Onward! 2011, FREECO-Onward! 2011

作者： Te Brinke, Steven Bockisch, Christoph Bergmans, Lodewijk University of Twente Software Engineering Group Enschede Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781450310253

It is commonly agreed that decomposing a software design according to the structure of the problem domain makes it easier to maintain and manage its complexity (e.g. [9]). To retain the resulting decomposition in the implementation, a programming language is needed that supports composition mechanisms that match the compositions in the problem domain. However, current programming languages only offer a small, fixed set of composition mechanisms. This leads to compromised implementations that either do not follow the decomposition from the design, or are cluttered with additional glue code. In this paper, we discuss the composition of control flow and investigate the hypothesis that continuations may be a suitable atomic core principle for offering a wide range of control-flow composition mechanisms in a form that does not compromise the structure and maintainability of the application. We present four variants of exception handling, which have been implemented using continuations and discuss their differences and commonalities. The results of this comparison are encouraging with respect to the expressiveness of continuations and reusability of implementations. But they also show that current language support for continuations leads to code replication and complex code. © 2011 acm.

关键词： Software design

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Exploring circuit timing-aware language and compilation

Exploring circuit timing-aware language and compilation

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Proceedings of the sixteenth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems

作者： Hoang, Giang Findler, Robert Bruce Joseph, Russ Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450302661

By adjusting the design of the ISA and enabling circuit timingsensitive optimizations in a compiler, we can more effectively exploit timing speculation. While there has been growing interest in systems that leverage circuit-level timing speculation to improve the performance and power-efficiency of processors, most of the innovation has been at the microarchitectural level. We make the observation that some code sequences place greater demand on circuit timing deadlines than others. Furthermore, by selectively replacing these codes with instruction sequences which are semantically equivalent but reduce activity on timing critical circuit paths, we can trigger fewer timing errors and hence reduce recovery costs. Copyright © 2011 acm.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Context-oriented programming for mobile devices: JCop on android

Context-oriented programming for mobile devices: JCop on and...

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3rd International Workshop on Context-Oriented programming, COP'11 - Co-located with the 25th European conference on Object-Oriented programming, ECOOP 2011

作者： Schuster, Christopher Appeltauer, Malte Hirschfeld, Robert Department of Computer Science University of California Davis United States Software Architecture Group Hasso-Plattner-Institut Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450308915

The behavior of mobile applications is particularly affected by their execution context, such as location and state a the mobile device. Among other approaches, context-oriented programming can help to achieve context-dependent behavior without sacrificing modularity or adhering to a certain framework or library by enabling fine-grained adaptation of default behavior per control-flow. However, context information relevant for mobile applications is mostly defined by external events and sensor data rather than by code and control flow. To accommodate this, the JCop language provides a more declarative approach by pointcut-like adaptation rules. In this paper, we explain how we applied JCop to the development of Android applications for which we extended the language semantics for static contexts and modified the compiler. Additionally, we outline the successful implementation of a simple, proof-of-concept mobile application using our approach and report on promising early evaluation results.

关键词： Semantics

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Plaid: A permission-based programming language

Plaid: A permission-based programming language

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acm International conference on Systems, programming, languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity, SPLASH'11

作者： Aldrich, Jonathan Bocchino, Robert Garcia, Ronald Hahnenberg, Mark Mohr, Manuel Naden, Karl Saini, Darpan Stork, Sven Sunshine, Joshua Tanter, Eric Wolff, Roger School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University United States Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany University of Chile Chile

ISBN: (纸本)9781450309424

Access permissions (permissions for short) are a lightweight way to specify how an object may be aliased and whether aliases allow mutation. Prior work has demonstrated the value of permissions for addressing many software engineering concerns, including information hiding, protocol checking, concurrency, security, and memory management. We propose a permission-based programming language: that is, a language whose object model, type system, and runtime are all co-designed with permissions in mind. The key elements of such a language are (1) an object model in which the structure of an object can change over time;(2) a type system that tracks changing structure in addition to addressing concerns such as those listed above;and (3) a runtime system that dynamically checks permission assertions and leverages permissions to parallelize code. We sketch the design of the permission-based programming language Plaid and argue that the approach promises significant software engineering benefits.

关键词： Software engineering

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design patterns for metamodels

Design patterns for metamodels

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acm International conference on Systems, programming, languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity, SPLASH'11 and the Co-Located Workshops: DSM'11, TMC'11, AGERE'11, AOOPES'11, NEAT'11, and VMIL'11

作者： Cho, Hyun Gray, Jeff University of Alabama Department of Computer Science Box 870290 Tuscaloosa AL 35216 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450311830

A metamodel is used to define the abstract syntax (i.e., entities, attributes, and relations) of a Domain-Specific Modeling language (DSML). In addition, a metamodel also defines constraints and static semantics that provide additional information about the modeling language beyond the abstract syntax. In many cases, the specification of a new metamodel is highly dependent on the designer's background and experiences. Thus, metamodel designs often differ from designer to designer, even for recurring design problems (i.e., there is more than one way to specify a modeling language with a metamodel). The quality of a metamodel design may also vary according to the designer's domain knowledge and modeling language expertise. To provide consistent solutions for recurring metamodel design issues, design patterns applied to metamodels may offer key insights, especially to new language designers who have less experience. In this paper, we motivate the need for design patterns for metamodels and provide a few examples of the concept. © 2011 acm.

关键词： Modeling languages

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ASystemC: An AOP Extension for Hardware Description language 11

ASystemC: An AOP Extension for Hardware Description Language

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10th International conference on Aspect-Oriented Software Development (AOSD)

作者： Endoh, Yusuke Toshiba Co Ltd Syst Engn Lab Corp R&D Ctr Saiwai Ku 1 Komukai Toshiba Cho Kawasaki Kanagawa Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450305563

Hardware-design requirements are becoming increasingly complex. Accordingly, the hardware developer is also beginning to use modern programming languages instead of traditional hardware description languages. However, modularity of the current hardware design has not changed from that of the traditional design. In this paper, we first conducted empirical investigation by interviews with real-world developers of circuit products, and confirmed that there exist cross-cutting concerns in actual products. The cross-cutting concerns fall into two types: one in common with software development and one specific to hardware design. In light of these results, this paper proposes ASystemC, an AOP extension for the hardware description language SystemC. ASystemC provides AOP features based on the AspectJ-like pointcut-advice mechanism. The design principle of ASystemC is practicality;we designed ASystemC to accept existing SystemC source code, and to weave aspects by using source-to-source conversion that outputs human-readable SystemC code. This design allows a user to utilize not only existing codes but also the existing knowledge and development process, as much as possible. As a result, ASystemC does not require modification of the existing source code review process and source analysis/manipulation tools, even if there is a developer unfamiliar with ASystemC in a development team. In addition, we confirmed the practicality and flexibility of ASystemC through case studies: estimation of circuit size by using simulation, feature-configurable products and LTL verification. These cases are abstracted from actual problems in our products. They require not only code-level changes but also structural changes.

关键词： Aspect-oriented programming SystemC Hardware description language

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Predicate-C - An efficient and generic runtime system for predicate dispatch

Predicate-C - An efficient and generic runtime system for pr...

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6th Workshop on the implementation, Compilation, Optimization of Object-Oriented languages, Programs and Systems, ICOOOLPS 2011 - In Conjunction with the 25th European conference on Object-Oriented programming, ECOOP 2011

作者： Gräter, Friedrich Götz, Sebastian Stecklina, Julian Faculty of Computer Science Technische Universität Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450308946

Dynamically typed languages like Ruby [19] recently gained a growing popularity due to the simplification of unforeseen software extensibility. Extensibility is typically driven by method dispatch which in turn uses the type system to classify objects. Common type systems only support type classifications attached to objects in advance of a method call. By that, the applicability of methods can be only described using existing classifications limiting the generic reuse of methods. Furthermore, it is difficult to classify objects by dynamic conditions according to their runtime state or current execution context. As an alternative, predicate dispatching allows the dispatch of methods on arbitrary predicates. Criteria for applicability are directly bound to methods enabling a flexible classification of objects. However, existing solutions for predicate dispatch suffer from co-NP-completeness. Furthermore, these solutions depend on high-level programming languages, which limits a system-wide and cross-language application of predicate dispatch. In this work, we present Predicate-C, a runtime environment that provides predicate dispatch with polynomial dispatching overhead. It is implemented as a lightweight C library that can be integrated into arbitrary runtime environments. © 2011 acm.

关键词： C (programming language)

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Deferred gratification: Engineering for high performance garbage collection from the get go 11

Deferred gratification: Engineering for high performance gar...

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Proceedings of the 2011 acm sigplan Workshop on Memory Systems Performance and Correctness

作者： Jibaja, Ivan Blackburn, Stephen M. Haghighat, Mohammad R. McKinley, Kathryn S. University of Texas Austin TX United States Australian National University Australia Intel Corporation Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450307949

Implementing a new programming language system is a daunting task. A common trap is to punt on the design and engineering of exact garbage collection and instead opt for reference counting or conservative garbage collection (GC). For example, AppleScript#8482;, Perl, Python, and PHP implementers chose reference counting (RC) and Ruby chose conservative GC. Although easier to get working, reference counting has terrible performance and conservative GC is inflexible and performs poorly when allocation rates are high. However, high performance GC is central to performance for managed languages and only becoming more critical due to relatively lower memory bandwidth and higher memory latency of modern architectures. Unfortunately, retrofitting support for high performance collectors later is a formidable software engineering task due to their exact nature. Whether they realize it or not, implementers have three routes: (1) forge ahead with reference counting or conservative GC, and worry about the consequences later;(2) build the language on top of an existing managed runtime with exact GC, and tune the GC to scripting language workloads;or (3) engineer exact GC from the ground up and enjoy the correctness and performance benefits sooner rather than later. We explore this conundrum using PHP, the most popular server side scripting language. PHP implements reference counting, mirroring scripting languages before it. Because reference counting is incomplete, the implementors must (a) also implement tracing to detect cyclic garbage, or (b) prohibit cyclic data structures, or (c) never reclaim cyclic garbage. PHP chose (a), AppleScript chose (b), and Perl chose (c). We characterize the memory behavior of five typical PHP programs to determine whether their implementation choice was a good one in light of the growing demand for high performance PHP. The memory behavior of these PHP programs is similar to other managed languages, such as Java#8482;- -they allocate many short

关键词： C (programming language)

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Lightweight Modular Staging: A Pragmatic Approach to Runtime Code Generation and Compiled DSLs

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2011年第2期46卷 127-136页

作者： Rompf, Tiark Odersky, Martin Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

Software engineering demands generality and abstraction, performance demands specialization and concretization. Generative programming can provide both, but developing high-quality program generators takes a large effort, even if a multi-stage programming language is used. We present lightweight modular staging, a library-based multi-stage programming approach that breaks with the tradition of syntactic quasi-quotation and instead uses only types to distinguish between binding times. Through extensive use of component technology, lightweight modular staging makes an optimizing compiler framework available at the library level, allowing programmers to tightly integrate domain-specific abstractions and optimizations into the generation process. We argue that lightweight modular staging enables a form of language virtualization, i.e. allows to go from a pure-library embedded language to one that is practically equivalent to a stand-alone implementation with only modest effort.

关键词： design languages Code Generation Multi-stage programming Domain-specific languages language Virtualization

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JavaCtx: Seamless toolchain integration for context-oriented programming

JavaCtx: Seamless toolchain integration for context-oriented...

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3rd International Workshop on Context-Oriented programming, COP'11 - Co-located with the 25th European conference on Object-Oriented programming, ECOOP 2011

作者： Salvaneschi, Guido Ghezzi, Carlo Pradella, Matteo DEEPSE Group DEI Politecnico di Milano Piazza L. Da Vinci 32 Milano Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781450308915

Context-oriented programming is an emerging paradigm addressing at the language level the issue of dynamic software adaptation and modularization of context-specific concerns. In this paper we propose JAVACTX, a tool which employs coding conventions to generate the context-aware semantics for Java programs and subsequently weave it into the application. The contribution of JAVACTX is twofold: the design of a set of coding conventions which allow to write context-oriented software in plain Java and the concept of context-oriented semantics injection, which allows to introduce the context-aware semantics through standard aspect-oriented programming. Both of these points allow to seamless integrate JAVACTX in the existing industrial-strength appliances and so ease the development of context-oriented software in consolidated industrial settings.

关键词： Aspect oriented programming

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