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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures and implementations XII

作者： Wang, JB Yao, K Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819445584

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communications have been a hot research area in recent years. Most literature makes the assumption that the channel information is not known at the transmitter but known perfectly at the receiver. We focus on the situation where both the transmitter and the receiver know the channel information. We consider a transmit diversity scheme that maximizes the signal to noise ratio at the receiver. We analyze its performance in terms of capacity, duality and asymptotic behavior. By simulation, we compare this scheme with Alamouti's transmit diversity to show the advantage of utilizing the channel side information to improve the performance of the wireless systems.

关键词： signal to noise ratio Receivers signal processing Lithium Lutetium Transmitters Antennas

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NEW ENCODING DECODING METHODS FOR DESIGNING FAULT-TOLERANT MATRIX OPERATIONS

NEW ENCODING DECODING METHODS FOR DESIGNING FAULT-TOLERANT M...

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CONF ON advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, AND implementations 3

作者： TAO, DL HAN, YS HARTMANN, CRP SUNY/Stony Brook (United States) Syracuse Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)081940943X

The algorithm-based fault tolerance (ABFT) provides low-cost error protection for vLSI processor arrays used in real-time digital signal processing. Several ABFT techniques (weighted check-sum) have be proposed to design fault-tolerant LU decomposition, QR decomposition, and matrix inversion. In these schemes, encoding/decoding uses either multiplication or division so that overhead is high. In this paper, we propose new encoding/decoding methods for designing fault-tolerant matrix operations. Since the new encoding/decoding methods use only additions and subtractions, the overhead of a fault-tolerant processor array can be drastically reduced.

关键词： Array processing Digital signal processing Silicon Tolerancing Chlorine Information operations Osmium signal processing very large scale integration Electrical engineering

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Time-frequency decomposition based on information

Time-frequency decomposition based on information

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XvI

作者： Aviyente, Selin Michigan State Univ E Lansing MI 48824 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463922

In array processing applications, it is desirable to extract the sources that generate the observed signals. There are various source separation and component extraction algorithms in literature including principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA). However, most of these methods are not designed to deal with time-varying signals and thus are formulated in the time domain. In this paper, we introduce a new time-frequency based decomposition method using an information measure as the decomposition criteria. It is shown that under the assumption of disjoint source signals on the time-frequency plane, this method can extract the sources up to a scalar factor. Based on the QR decomposition of the mixing matrix, the source extraction algorithm is reduced to finding the optimal N-dimensional rotation of the observed time-frequency distributions. The proposed algorithm is implemented using the steepest descent approach to find the optimal rotation angle. The performance of the method is illustrated for example signals and compared to some well-known decomposition techniques.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Independent component analysis Transform theory Principal component analysis Associative arrays Image information entropy Matrices signal processing Sensors Array processing

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Higher-order ambulatory electrocardiogram identification and motion artifact suppression with adaptive second- and third-order volterra filters

Higher-order ambulatory electrocardiogram identification and...

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SPIE Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations vIII

作者： Sabry-Rizk, M Zgallai, W El-Khafif, S Carson, E Grattan, K City Univ London Dept Elect Elect & Informat Engn London EC1V 0HB England

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how, in a few seconds, a relatively simple ECG monitor, PC and advanced signal processing algorithms could pinpoint microvolts- late potentials- with a very low (-30 dB and below) signal-to-noise ratio in a non-stationary-colored non-Gaussian distributed noise. Late potentials (LP's) result from an infarct zone in the heart and is used as an indicator in identifying patients prone to ventricular tachycardia (vT) which, if left untreated, leads to ventricular fibrillation. We will characterize recorded ECG data obtained from the standard three vector electrodes during exercise in terms of their higher-order statistical features. Essentially we use adaptive LMS- and Kalman-based second- and third-order volterra filters to model the non-linear low-frequency P and T waves and motion artifacts which might overlap with the QRS complex and lead to false positive QRS detection. We will illustrate the effectiveness of this new approach by mapping out bispectral regions with a strong bicoherence manifestation and showing their corresponding temporal/spatial origins. Furthermore, we will present a few examples of our own application of these non-invasive techniques to illustrate what we see as their promise for analysis of heart abnormality.

关键词： adaptive volterra filter ambulatory electrocardiogram noise suppression bicoherence analysis bispectrum

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INSTANTANEOUS AMPLITUDE AND FREQUENCY ESTIMATION - PERFORMANCE BOUNDS AND APPLICATIONS TO SOURCE LOCALIZATION

INSTANTANEOUS AMPLITUDE AND FREQUENCY ESTIMATION - PERFORMAN...

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CONF ON advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, AND implementations 2

作者： ARUN, KS LIANG, RM Univ. of Illinois/Urbana-Champaign (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819406945

Estimation and tracking of the instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies of superimposed, slowly varying narrowband signals is a difficult signal processing problem that shows up in many applications. Our approach to this problem is to achieve global noise averaging via SvD-based rank reduction of a matrix constructed from the entire data record. Compared to methods that use local noise averaging using many smaller matrices, the strength of the new approach is in affecting better noise reduction at a lower computational cost. Moreover, no model is needed for the variation of the amplitudes and frequencies with time. In this paper, Cramer-Rao bounds for the variance of the error in tracking the instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies (without assuming a parametric model for their variation with time) will be presented. In addition, we will also show how the algorithm can be used on sensor array data to estimate range and direction of multiple narrow-band sources.

关键词： Sensors signal processing Detection and tracking algorithms signal to noise ratio Source localization Data modeling Denoising Matrices Array processing Data analysis

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Efficient implementations for AES Encryption and Decryption

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CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND signal processing 2012年第5期31卷 1765-1785页

作者： Rachh, Rashmi Ramesh Mohan, P. v. Ananda Anami, B. S. ECIL R&D Bangalore 560052 Karnataka India KLE Soc Coll Engn & Technol Dept Comp Sci Belgaum 590008 India KLE Inst Technol Hubli India

This paper proposes two efficient architectures for hardware implementation of the advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. The composite field arithmetic for implementing SubBytes (S-box) and InvSubBytes (Inverse S-box) transformations investigated by several authors is used as the basis for deriving the proposed architectures. The first architecture for encryption is based on optimized S-box followed by bit-wise implementation of MixColumns and AddRoundKey and optimized Inverse S-box followed by bit-wise implementation of InvMixColumns and AddMixRoundKey for decryption. The proposed S-box and Inverse S-box used in this architecture are designed as a cascade of three blocks. In the second proposed architecture, the block III of the proposed S-box is combined with the MixColumns and AddRoundKey transformations forming an integrated unit for encryption. An integrated unit for decryption combining the block III of the proposed InvSubBytes with InvMixColumns and AddMixRoundKey is formed on similar lines. The delays of the proposed architectures for vLSI implementation are found to be the shortest compared to the state-of-the-art implementations of AES operating in non-feedback mode. Iterative and fully unrolled sub-pipelined designs including key schedule are implemented using FPGA and ASIC. The proposed designs are efficient in terms of Kgates/Giga-bits per second ratio compared with few recent state-of-the-art ASIC (0.18-mu m CMOS standard cell) based designs and throughput per area (TPA) for FPGA implementations.

关键词： advanced Encryption Standard Encryption Decryption FPGA implementation vLSI architectures

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Optical infrared flame detection system with neural networks

Optical infrared flame detection system with neural networks

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XvII

作者： Huseynov, Javid J. Baliga, Shankar B. Univ Calif Irvine Sch Informat & Comp Sci Irvine CA 92697 USA Gen Monitors Inc Lake Forest CA 92630 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468451

A model for an infrared (M) flame detection system using artificial neural networks (ANN) is presented. The joint time-frequency analysis (JTFA) in the form of a Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) is used for extracting relevant input features for a set of ANNs. Each ANN is trained using the backpropagation conjugate-gradient (CG) method to distinguish all hydrocarbon flames from a particular type of environmental nuisance and background noise. signal saturation caused by the increased intensity of IR sources at closer distances is resolved by an adjustable gain control. A classification scheme with trained ANN connection weights was implemented on a digital signal processor for use in an industrial hydrocarbon flame detector.

关键词： artificial neural networks signal processing infrared detectors fire detection

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Time-frequency analysis using sidelobe apodization

Time-frequency analysis using sidelobe apodization

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XI

作者： Thomas, G Univ Manitoba Dept Elect & Comp Engn Winnipeg MB R3T 5V6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819441880

Time-frequency techniques have been successfully used in the analysis of non-stationary signals. Several approaches have been proposed that address concerns such as Time-Frequency (TF) resolution and the elimination of cross-terms. In this work, a TF technique based on the use of Spatially variant Apodization (SvA) is introduced that focuses on the detection of non-stationary signals that consists of several components that have different amplitudes. The SvA approach is applied to the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) to detect small intensity components that are buried in high sidelobes of other components. Resolution using the SvA is better than the resolution obtained using the STFT with non-rectangular windows. Synthesis can be performed using the overlap-add method. Because of the implementation of the SvA, the modified STFT using sidelobe apodization can have good resolution, detect small intensity components, and show no cross terms in the TF plane, given that stationarity can be assumed using an appropriate window length in the STFT.

关键词： sidelobe apodization time-frequency analysis resolution cross-terms overlap-add reconstruction

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Architecture for real time wood inspection

Architecture for real time wood inspection

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations X

作者： Malasne, N Paindavoine, M Lab Elect & Informat Image F-21078 Dijon France

This study has been realized to improve industrial machines that allow to analyze planks by detecting their width and too important defects thanks to a computer vision system. These machines are currently piloted by s... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819437611

关键词： real time processing defects detection FPGA

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The marginals and time-frequency distributions

The marginals and time-frequency distributions

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations XIII

作者： Cohen, L Loughlin, P CUNY New York NY 10021 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

We address the question of the importance of satisfying the marginal conditions in a time-frequency distribution and discuss in detail the fundamental and practical issues involved. We also examine the marginals of the spectrogram. The spectrogram often gives reasonable results even though both marginals can never be satisfied exactly, but sometimes it can give very unreasonable results. We show by examples that the spectrogram gives the clearest characterization of the time-frequency properties of a signal when the combined error in both of its marginals is as small as possible. In contrast, when the error in either one of the marginals of the spectrogram is large, the time-frequency characterization degrades. Some different error measures are described. We discuss the issues involved both theoretically and by way of numerical simulations. We also address the issue of marginals for the random case.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Surface plasmons Fourier transforms signal processing Fermium Frequency modulation Numerical simulations Differential equations Physics visualization

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