In a very recent past, new techniques, referred to as time-scale methods and making use of the so-called wavelet transform, have been proposed for the analysis of nonstationary or time-varying signals. They are basica...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819404098
In a very recent past, new techniques, referred to as time-scale methods and making use of the so-called wavelet transform, have been proposed for the analysis of nonstationary or time-varying signals. They are basically devoted to the description of signal time evolutions at different observation scales; this is achieved by using shifted and dilated versions of some elementary analyzing waveform along the time axis. The purpose of this paper is twofold: it is intended (1) to provide a brief overview of linear wavelet techniques (continuous and discrete transforms) and bilinear time-scale methods (time-scale energy distributions), and (2) to put them in some common perspective with existing signalprocessing tools (Gabor decompositions, constant-Q analysis, quadrature mirror filters, wideband ambiguity functions, time-frequency energy distributions). Existing or potentially relevant applications are also pointed out.
Current bilinear time-frequency representations apply a fixed kernel to smooth the Wigner distribution. However the choice of a fixed kernel limits the class ofsignals that can be analyzed effectively. This paper pres...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819404098
Current bilinear time-frequency representations apply a fixed kernel to smooth the Wigner distribution. However the choice of a fixed kernel limits the class ofsignals that can be analyzed effectively. This paper presents optimality criteria for the design of signal-dependeni kernels that suppress cross-components while passing as much auto-component energy as possible irrespective of the form of the signal. A fast algorithm for the optimal kernel solution makes the procedure competitive computationaily with fixed kernel methods. Examples demonstrate the superior performance of the optimal kernel for a frequency modulated signal.
Time-frequency analysis of speech provides detailed information which may be used for the study of its production mechanisms and for recognition purposes. The smoothed Wigner-Ville distribution can be used as an effec...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819404098
Time-frequency analysis of speech provides detailed information which may be used for the study of its production mechanisms and for recognition purposes. The smoothed Wigner-Ville distribution can be used as an effective speech analysis tool when a high temporal resolution is required. Smoothing demands a careful balance between resolution and suppression of interferences in the distribution while taking into account the characteristics of the speech signal. The resulting representation is applied to analyze nasal phonemes and transitions in continuous speech and shown to unveil important transitory features not revealed by the spectrogram and to result in accurate segmentation and discrimination of their place of articulation.
A new derivation of the QR-based fast recursive least squares algorithms for Toeplitz matrices is presented. algorithms for computing Q and R in the QR decomposition of the data matrix are proposed. These algorithms c...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819406945
A new derivation of the QR-based fast recursive least squares algorithms for Toeplitz matrices is presented. algorithms for computing Q and R in the QR decomposition of the data matrix are proposed. These algorithms can be efficiently incorporated with the fast recursive least squares algorithm and can be performed only when they are needed.
We formulate in a simple fashion the concept of invariance for a linear system. We show that one must define what we call an "associated Hermitian operator"' which commutes with the system function. We s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819468451
We formulate in a simple fashion the concept of invariance for a linear system. We show that one must define what we call an "associated Hermitian operator"' which commutes with the system function. We show that it is this Hermitian operator that defines the invariance and also determines the appropriate transform and other connections between input and output relations.
We calculate the instantaneous frequency at a fixed position of a propagating pulse in the asymptotic regime. We also discuss the multimode case and relate it to the concept of instantaneous bandwidth.
ISBN:
(纸本)0819425842
We calculate the instantaneous frequency at a fixed position of a propagating pulse in the asymptotic regime. We also discuss the multimode case and relate it to the concept of instantaneous bandwidth.
This paper presents, Index Mapping, a technique to efficiently map a widely used class of digital signalprocessingalgorithms onto a space/time paradigm with immediate representation as the partitioning and schedulin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819425842
This paper presents, Index Mapping, a technique to efficiently map a widely used class of digital signalprocessingalgorithms onto a space/time paradigm with immediate representation as the partitioning and scheduling map of a small, I/O efficient, hardware array. When applied to reconfigurable FPGA based hardware architectures with downstream Sea-of-Gates optimization methods, the resulting systems form a dynamic signalprocessing environment with the best mix of performance and flexibility for wireless applications. Herein, Index Mapping is demonstrated with a mapping of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) onto an FPGA computing machine, the ReConfigurable Processor (RCP).
Implementing Jacobi algorithms in parallel VLSI processor arrays is a non-trivial task, in particular when the algorithms are parametrized with respect to size and the architectures are parametrized with respect to sp...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819412767
Implementing Jacobi algorithms in parallel VLSI processor arrays is a non-trivial task, in particular when the algorithms are parametrized with respect to size and the architectures are parametrized with respect to space-time trade-offs. The paper is concerned with an approach to implement several time-adaptive Jacobi-type algorithms on a parallel processor array, using only Cordic arithmetic and asynchronous communications, such that any degree of parallelism, ranging from single-processor up to full-size array implementation, is supported by a `universal' processing unit. This result is attributed to a gracious interplay between algorithmic and architectural engineering.
This paper examines the problem of instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation for Frequency Modulated (FM) signals imbedded in white Gaussian noise. It reviews currently available techniques and in addition proposes some...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819404098
This paper examines the problem of instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation for Frequency Modulated (FM) signals imbedded in white Gaussian noise. It reviews currently available techniques and in addition proposes some new ones based on a modelling of the signal phase as a polynomial. Both linear least-squares techniques and Maximum Likelihood (ML) techniques are investigated for estimating the polynomial coefficients. It is seen that the linear least squares approach is efficient (i. e. unbiased and meets the Cramer-Rao bounds) for high SNR while the ML scheme is efficient for a much larger range of SNR. Theoretical lower variance bounds are given for estimating the polynomial coefficients and are compared with the results of simulations. Guidelines are given as to which estimation method should be used for a given signal class and signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) level.
A multiresolution model of a discrete fractional Brownian motion is developed. The model leads to a multiscale algorithm for constructing the optimal filter that must be used in detection problems involving a fraction...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819404098
A multiresolution model of a discrete fractional Brownian motion is developed. The model leads to a multiscale algorithm for constructing the optimal filter that must be used in detection problems involving a fractional Brownian motion and white noise.
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