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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XVii

作者： Nickel, Robert M. Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468451

We are presenting a new method for super resolution tracking of frequency modulated sinusoids in white noise. The method is specifically designed to handle the rapid transient problem, i.e. the problem of tracking a continuous, rapidly changing instantaneous frequency contour. The proposed method employs to components: 1) an adaptive generalized scale transform 1, 2 which applies a localized change of time-frequency coordinates within the given signal, and 2) an estimation of signal parameters by rotational invariance techniques 3 (ESPRIT). With experiments we have shown that the proposed method provides a significantly higher estimation accuracy than conventional methods. 3 With an optimal choice of transform parameters the estimation error can be reduced dramatically. Error reductions of over 40% have been observed.

关键词： instantaneous frequency tracking non-uniform sampling estimation of signal parameters by rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) generalized scale transform

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Analysis and comparison of Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers implemented on FPGA

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INTEGRATION-THE VLSI JOURNAL 2014年第2期47卷 261-271页

作者： Genovese, Mariangela Napoli, Ettore De Caro, Davide Petra, Nicola Strollo, Antonio G. M. Univ Naples Federico II Dept Elect Engn & Informat Technol Naples Italy

The Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer (DDFS) is a critical component routinely implemented in communication or signal processing systems. The recent literature proposes various DDFS implementation techniques that, implemented by using state of the art Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) technologies, provide ever improving performances in terms of speed, power dissipation and silicon area occupation. The performance trend provided by the advanced designs that target ASIC technologies is not guaranteed to remain the same when the target technology is a commercially available Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. This paper presents the FPGA implementation of the best performing DDFS architectures proposed to date. DDFS performance trends are compared with the ASIC implementations. Further, the state of the art DDFS circuits are modified in order to better suit the FPGA technology and compared against the DDFS implementations obtained using Intellectual Properties (IPs) included in the design suites of the FPGA manufacturers. The comparison is conducted considering as implementation target various (both low end, middle range, and high end) FPGA devices produced by different vendors. Considered performance parameters are the maximum working frequency, the dynamic power dissipation, the logic resource occupation, and the precision of the DDFS measured in terms of Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR). The analysis shows that when dealing with FPGA implementations, it is important that the implemented architectures adapt to the internal logic resources of the FPGA. For low SFDR values the best performing architectures are the straightforward ROM based ones that optimally fit in the very fast Block RAM of the FPGA. When the required SFDR increases more advanced architectures are required. The optimal architectures also depend on the design choice of privileging high working frequency or reduced power dissipation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserv

关键词： Direct digital frequency synthesizer Field programmable gate arrays Application specific integrated circuits

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Performance of coherent adaptation algorithms for the WCDMA smart antenna system in Rayleigh flat-fading channel

Performance of coherent adaptation algorithms for the WCDMA ...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XI

作者： Kong, DG Lee, K Chun, J Choi, P Yun, JC Lee, SJ Lee, JH Samsung Adv Inst Technol Human Comp Interact Lab Suwon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0819441880

Coherent adaptation algorithms are proposed for a beamformer in the WCDMA reverse link. The coherent adaptation algorithm improves the convergence speed by constraining the desired signal component of the filtered output to be always coherent in phase with the reference signal at each iteration. With the coherent constraint, the performance of coherent methods is significantly improved. We present the simulation results that show the various desirable characteristics of coherent methods such as a fast convergence speed. insensitiveness to fading parameters over conventional methods.

关键词： coherent adaptation algorithm smart antenna WCDMA array signal processing

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A near canonic double-based number system (DBNS) with applications in digital signal processing 6

A near canonic double-based number system (DBNS) with applic...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations VI

作者： Dimitrov, V SadeghiEmamchaie, S Jullien, GA Miller, WC UNIV WINDSOR VLSIRES GRPWINDSORON N9B 3P4CANADA

ISBN: (纸本)0819422347

In this paper we explore a new number system which uses a double base. The representation of the numbers has a very simple geometric interpretation, allowing potentially fast implementation of the basic arithmetic operations. The transformation of the integers into minimal form, however, leads to some problems associated with transcendental number theory, and we identify and open the discussion on these problems. An intriguing implementation vehicle, which has some of the properties associated with symbolic substitution in optical computing, is the use of Cellular Neural Networks (CNNs) to perform digit reduction. Brief details are presented on CNN implementation, and a system-level example is shown in order to justify the applicability of the proposed theory in digital signal processing. © 1996 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： number systems computer arithmetic number theory diophantine equations symbolic substitution Cellular Neural Networks digital filtering

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Integrated numeric and symbolic signal processing using a heterogeneous design environment 6

Integrated numeric and symbolic signal processing using a he...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations VI

作者： Mani, R Nawab, SH Winograd, JM Evans, BL BOSTON UNIV BOSTONMA 02215

ISBN: (纸本)0819422347

We present a solution to a complex multi-tone transient detection problem to illustrate the integrated use of symbolic and numeric processing techniques which are supported by well-established underlying models. Examples of such models include synchronous dataflow for numeric processing and the blackboard paradigm for symbolic heuristic search. Our transient detection solution serves to emphasize the importance of developing system design methods and tools which can support the integrated use of well- established symbolic and numerical models of computation. Recently, we incorporated a blackboard-based model of computation underlying the Integrated processing and Understanding of signals (IPUS) paradigm into a system-level design environment for numeric processing called Ptolemy. Using the IPUS/Ptolemy environment, we are implementing our solution to the multi-tone transient detection problem.

关键词： design environments symbolic signal processing heuristic search blackboard model synchronous dataflow model Ptolemy Integrated processing and Understanding of signals (IPUS) multi-tone transient detection Adaptive Time-Frequency Representation (ATFR)

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APPLICATION OF THE WIGNER DISTRIBUTION TO THE DETECTION OF LATE POTENTIALS IN ECG

APPLICATION OF THE WIGNER DISTRIBUTION TO THE DETECTION OF L...

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CONF ON advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, AND implementations 3

作者： PEYRIN, F KAROUBI, B MORLET, D DUPONT, F RUBEL, P DESSEIGNE, P TOUBOUL, P Lab. de Traitement du Signal et Ultrasons (France) INSERM/Lyon (France) Lab. Traitement du Signal et Ultrasons (France) Hopital Cardiologique (France)

ISBN: (纸本)081940943X

The problem of detecting micropotentials in high resolution ECGs is of great importance to predict ventricular tachycardia. Since both conventional time domain and frequential domain methods present serious limitations, we address this problem using a high resolution time frequency method. The possibilities of the spectrogram and Wigner distribution (WD) are evaluated in order to analyze ECGs acquired both on patients with and without ventricular tachycardia. Furthermore, quantitative features are extracted from those representations in order to discriminate the two classes.

关键词： Electrocardiography Time-frequency analysis signal analyzers Feature extraction Convolution Smoothing Electronic filtering Fourier transforms Heart Linear filtering

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CUMULANT BASED STATIONARY AND NONSTATIONARY MODELS FOR CLASSIFICATION AND SYNTHESIS OF RANDOM-FIELDS

CUMULANT BASED STATIONARY AND NONSTATIONARY MODELS FOR CLASS...

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CONF ON advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, AND implementations 3

作者： ZHOU, GT GIANNAKIS, GB Univ. of Virginia (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)081940943X

Cumulants are employed for classification and synthesis of textured images because they suppress additive Gaussian noise of unknown covariance and are capable of resolving phase and causality issues in stationary non-Gaussian random fields. Their performance is compared with existing autocorrelation based approaches which offer sample estimates of smaller variance and lower computational complexity. Nonlinear matching techniques improve over linear equation methods in estimating parameters of non-Gaussian random fields especially under model mismatch. Seasonal 1-D sequences allow for semi-stationary 2-D models and their performance is illustrated on synthetic space variant textures. The potential of prolate spheroidal basis expansion is also described for parsimonious nonstationary modeling of space variant textured images.

关键词： Autoregressive models Image classification Statistical analysis Image segmentation Statistical modeling Image processing signal to noise ratio Performance modeling Radon signal processing

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How bad are symmetric Pick matrices

How bad are symmetric Pick matrices

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations X

作者： Fasino, D Olshevsky, V Univ Udine Dipartimento Matemat & Informat I-33100 Udine Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819437611

Let P be a symmetric positive definite Pick matrix of order n. The following facts will be proven here: 1. P is the Gram matrix of a set of rational functions, with respect to a inner product defined in terms of a "generating function" associated to P;2. Its condition number is lower-bounded by a function growing exponentially in n. 3. P can be effectively preconditioned by the Pick matrix generated by the same nodes and a constant function.

关键词： Matrices Condition numbers algorithms Computing systems Control systems Image information entropy Linear algebra Mathematics Platinum signal processing

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A unified Bayesian framework for algorithms to recover blocky signals

A unified Bayesian framework for algorithms to recover block...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XVii

作者： Calvetti, Daniela Somersalo, Erkki Case Western Reserve Univ Dept Math Cleveland OH 44106 USA Case Western Reserve Univ Ctr Modeling Integrated Metab Syst Cleveland OH 44106 USA Aalto Univ Dept Math Helsinki Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468451

We consider the problem of recovering signals from noisy indirect observations under the additional a priori information that the signal is believed to be slowly varying except at all unknown number of points where it may have discontinuities of unknown size. The model problem is a linear deconvolution problem. To take advantage of the qualitative prior information available, we use a non-stationary Markov model with the variance of the innovation process also unknown, and apply Bayesian techniques to estimate both the signal and the prior variance. We propose a fast iterative method for computing a MAP estimates and we show that, with a rather standard choices of the hyperpriors, the algorithm produces the fixed point iterative solutions of the total variation and of the Perona-Malik regularization methods. We also demonstrate that, unlike the non-statistical estimation methods, the Bayesian approach leads to a very natural reliability assessment of edge detection by a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) based analysis of the posterior.

关键词： signal processing Data modeling Reliability Stochastic processes Atrial fibrillation Autoregressive models Deconvolution Monte Carlo methods Statistical analysis Mathematics

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A multivariate speech activity detector based on the syllable rate

A multivariate speech activity detector based on the syllabl...

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SPIE Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations ViiI

作者： Smith, D Townsend, J Nelson, DJ US Dept Def Ft George G Meade MD 20755 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

Computationally efficient algorithms which perform speech activity detection have significant potential economic and labor saving benefit, by automating an extremely tedious manual process. In many applications, it is desirable to extract intervals of speech which are bounded by segments of other signal types (fax/modem, music, static, dial tones, etc.). In the past, algorithms which successfully discriminate between speech and one specific other signal type have been developed. Frequently, these algorithms fail when the specific non-speech signal is replaced by a different non-speech signal. Little work has been done on combining such discriminators in order to solve the general speech vs. non-speech discrimination problem. Typically, several signal specific discriminators are blindly combined with predictable negative results. Moreover, when a large number of discriminators are involved, dimension reduction is achieved using Principal Components, which optimally compresses signal variance into the fewest number of dimensions. Unfortunately, these new coordinates are not necessarily optimal for discrimination. In this paper we apply graphical tools to determine a set of discriminators which produce excellent speech vs. non-speech clustering, thereby eliminating the guesswork in selecting good feature vectors. This cluster structure provides a basis for a general multivariate speech vs. non-speech discriminator, which compares very favorably with the TALKATIVE speech extraction algorithm.

关键词： signal processing

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