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检索条件"任意字段=Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations XV"

共 419 条记录，以下是271-280 订阅

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Optimizing time-frequency distributions for automatic classification

Optimizing time-frequency distributions for automatic classi...

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Conference on advanced signal processing - algorithms, architectures, and implementations VII

作者： Atlas, L Droppo, J McLaughlin, J Univ. of Washington (United States) MIT Lincoln Lab. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819425842

An entirely new set of criteria for the design of kernels (generating functions) for time-frequency representations (TFRs) is presented. These criteria aim only to produce kernels (and thus, TFRs) which will enable more accurate classification. We refer to these kernels, which are optimized to discriminate among several classes of signals, as signal class dependent kernels, or simply class dependent kernels. The genesis of the class dependent kernel is to be found in the area of operator theory, which we use to establish a direct link between a discrete-time, discrete-frequency TFR and its corresponding discrete signal. We see that many similarities, but also some important differences, exist between the results of the continuous-time operator approach and our discrete one. The differences between the continuous representations and discrete ones may not be the simple sampling relationship which has often been assumed. From this work, we obtain a very concise, matrix-based expression for a discrete-time/discrete-frequency TFR which is simply the product of the kernel with another matrix. This simple expression opens up the possibility to optimize the kernel in a number of ways. We focus, of course, on optimizations most suitable for classification, and ultimately wind up with the class dependent kernel. When applied to simulated sonar transient signals, we find that our approach does a good job of discriminating within very similar classes of transients and is especially sensitive to differences in time variation across classes.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Matrices Fourier transforms Convolution Detection theory Distance measurement signal generators signal processing Silicon Stochastic processes

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Fast algorithms for Cauchy-Vandermonde matrices with multiple poles

Fast algorithms for Cauchy-Vandermonde matrices with multipl...

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Proceedings of the 1999 advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations IX

作者： Martinez, J.J. Pena, J.M. Universidad de Alcala Madrid Spain

Cauchy-Vandermonde matrices are related with rational interpolation problems. In this paper we consider the general case in which multiple poles can appear. Fast algorithms for solving the corresponding linear systems... 详细信息

关键词： signal processing

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Approach to the joint optimization of video communications and video signal processing

Approach to the joint optimization of video communications a...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XI

作者： Pearlman, WA Medley, MJ Suter, BW Rensselaer Polytech Inst Ctr Next Generat Video Res Troy NY 12180 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819441880

Compressed video bitstreams require protection from channel errors in a wireless channel. The three-dimensional (3-D) SPIHT coder has proved its efficiency and its real-time capability in compression of video. A forward-error-correcting (FEC) channel (RCPC) code combined with a single ARQ (automatic-repeat-request) proved to be an effective means for protecting the bitstream. In this paper, the need for ARQ is eliminated by making the 3-D SPIHT bitstream more robust and resistant to channel errors. Packetization of the bitstream and the reorganization of these packets to achieve scalability in bit rate and/or resolution in addition to robustness is demonstrated and combined with channel coding to not only protect the integrity of the packets, but also allow detection of packet decoding failures, so that only the cleanly recovered packets are reconstructed. In extensive comparative tests, the reconstructed video is shown to be superior to that of MPEG-2, with the margin of superiority growing substantially as the channel becomes noisier.

关键词： video compression video transmission robust source coding error resilient transmission combined source-channel coding 3-D wavelet transform embedded wavelet coding

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Low Power implementation of a Turbo-decoder on programmable architectures

Low Power implementation of a Turbo-decoder on programmable ...

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Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC 2001)

作者： Gilbert, F Worm, A Wehn, N Univ Kaiserslautern Dept Elect Engn & Informat Technol Inst Microelect Syst D-67663 Kaiserslautern Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0780366336

Low Power is an extremely important issue for future mobile radio systems. Channel decoders are essential building blocks of base-band signal processing units in mobile terminal architectures. Thus low power implementations of advanced channel decoding techniques are mandatory. In this paper we present a low power implementation of the most sophisticated channel decoding algorithm (Turbo-decoding) on programmable architectures. Low power optimization is performed on two abstraction levels: on system level by the use of an intelligent cancellation technique, on implementation level by the use of dynamic voltage scaling. With these techniques we can reduce the worst case energy consumption to 55% using data of state-of-the-art processors. Our approach is also applicable for hardware implementations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in-depth study of low power implementations of Turbo-decoders based on voltage scheduling for third generation wireless systems.

关键词： Bit error rate Channel coding Dynamic voltage scaling Error correction Forward error correction Iterative decoding Processor scheduling Redundancy signal processing algorithms Turbo codes

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Bandlimits and coherent modulation filtering of non-stationary signals

Bandlimits and coherent modulation filtering of non-stationa...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and Implementantions xvIII

作者： Clark, Pascal Atlas, Les Univ Washington Dept Elect Engn Seattle WA 98195 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819472946

Modulation filtering is a technique for filtering slowly-varying envelopes of frequency subbands of a non-stationary signal, ideally without affecting the signal's phase and fine-structure. Coherent modulation filtering is a potentially more effective subtype of such techniques where subband envelopes are determined through demodulation of the subband signal with a coherently detected subband carrier. In this paper we propose a coherent modulation filtering technique based on detecting the instantaneous frequency of a subband from its time-frequency representation. We show that coherent modulation filtering imposes a new bandlimiting constraint on the modulation product plus the ability to recover arbitrarily chosen envelopes and carriers from their modulation product. We show that a carrier estimate based on the time-varying spectral center-of-gravity satisfies the bandlimiting condition as well as Loughlin's previously derived bandlimiting constraint on the instantaneous frequency of carrier. These bandwidth constraints lead to effective and distortion-free modulation filters, offering new approaches for potential signal modification. The spectral center-of-gravity does not satisfy the condition on arbitrary recovery, however, which somewhat limits the flexibility of coherent modulation filtering. Demonstrations are provided with speech signals.

关键词： modulation time-frequency analysis time-varying filters bandwidth speech processing

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EVOLUTIONARY SPECTRAL ESTIMATION BASED ON ADAPTIVE USE OF WEIGHTED NORMS 4

EVOLUTIONARY SPECTRAL ESTIMATION BASED ON ADAPTIVE USE OF WE...

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4TH CONF ON advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, AND implementations

作者： CABRERA, SD FLORES, BC THOMAS, G VEGAPINEDA, J Univ. of Texas/El Paso (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412767

In this paper, an evolutionary spectral estimator based on the application of Adaptive Weighted Norm Extrapolation (AWNE) is formulated and illustrated for analysis of nonstationary signals. The AWNE method produces a stationary extension of the data so that computing its Fourier transform yields a nonparametric, high-resolution spectrum estimate. The evolutionary formulation described here uses a time slice of the time-averaged Spectrogram to select the initial weight function (prior spectrum) used in AWNE for each block of data. This function strongly influences the final shape of the resulting spectrum. The resulting Short-Time AWNE (STAWNE) time-frequency representation yields improved frequency-domain resolution, preserves components which last longer than one time block, and is devoid of cross-terms. Comparison with short-time autoregressive spectral estimation yields improved consistency in the spectral energy levels as time varies. Finally, this sequential spectrum estimator is also illustrated for use in range-Doppler imaging of reflectivity surfaces having prominent scatterers by hybrid two-dimensional spectral estimation in-tandem with the discrete Fourier transform.

关键词： Autoregressive models Fourier transforms Time-frequency analysis Stars Data modeling Statistical analysis Yield improvement Electroluminescence Reflectivity signal analyzers

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New one-hot RNS structures for high-speed signal processing

New one-hot RNS structures for high-speed signal processing

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures and implementations XII

作者： Conway, R Conway, T Nelson, J Univ Limerick ECE Dept Limerick Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)0819445584

New efficient structures using the one-hot residue number system (OHRNS) are presented. Normally the RNS uses a binary representation for the residues, though recently there has been renewed interest in the OHRNS, which uses a simple, but novel representation for the residues. The basic component of the OHRNS is the barrel shifter, making the OHRNS suitable for very high speed applications. The first of the new structures presented reduces the power dissipation in OHRNS adder trees. A modification to the normal barrel shifter is proposed, which reduces the power dissipated by as much as 30%. This improvement is obtained through the use of the modified barrel shifter and the appropriate connection of active-low and active-high stages. This overall power reduction offers the possibility of using the OHRNS in place of a typical full adder based tree in high speed DSP applications. A new storage register for one-hot representations is detailed, which overcomes the problem of having to use a large number of registers. A new architecture is presented for fast OHRNS sign detection. Sign detection is complex and slow to perform in the RNS. A mixed radix conversion (MRC) is typically used for sign detection in the OHRNS. The new sign detection architecture is based on a new property of the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) and is significantly faster than the MRC approach for large moduli sets. Simulation results using SPICE are detailed for the new structures.

关键词： RNS one-hot sign detection

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Large dynamic range time-frequency signal analysis with application to helicopter Doppler radar data

Large dynamic range time-frequency signal analysis with appl...

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advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations

作者： Marple Jr., S. Lawrence Marino, Claudio Strange, Shawn Oregon State University School of EECS Corvallis OR United States Lockheed Martin Orincon San Diego CA United States

Despite the enhanced time-frequency analysis (TFA) detailing capability of quadratic TFAs like the Wigner and Cohen representations, their performance with signals of large dynamic range (DNR in excess of 40 dB) is not acceptable due to the inability to totally suppress the cross-term artifacts which typically are much stronger than the weakest signal components that they obscure. AMTI and GMTI radar targets exhibit such high dynamic range when microDoppler is present, with the aspects of interest being the weakest components. This paper presents one of two modifications of linear TFA to provide the enhanced detailing behavior of quadratic TFAs without introducing cross terms, making it possible to see the time-frequency detail of extremely weak signal components. The technique described here is based on subspace-enhanced linear predictive extrapolation of the data within each analysis window to create a longer data sequence for conventional STFT TFA. The other technique, based on formation of a special two-dimensional transformed data matrix analyzed by high-definition two-dimensional spectral analysis methods such as 2-D AR or 2-D minimum variance, is compared to the new technique using actual AMTI and GMTI radar data.

关键词： signal processing

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High-performance three-dimensional image processing architectures for image-guided interventions

High-performance three-dimensional image processing architec...

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作者： Dandekar, Omkar University of Maryland College Park

学位级别：Ph.D.

Minimally invasive image-guided interventions (IGIs) are time and cost efficient, minimize unintended damage to healthy tissues, and lead to faster patient recovery. advanced three-dimensional (3D) image processing is a critical need for navigation during IGIs. However, achieving on-demand performance, as required by IGIs, for these image processing operations using software-only implementations is challenging because of the sheer size of the 3D images, and memory and compute intensive nature of the operations. This dissertation, therefore, is geared toward developing high-performance 3D image processing architectures, which will enable improved intraprocedural visualization and navigation capabilities during IGIs. In this dissertation we present an architecture for real-time implementation of 3D filtering operations that are commonly employed for preprocessing of medical images. This architecture is approximately two orders of magnitude faster than corresponding software implementations and is capable of processing 3D medical images at their acquisition speeds. Combining complementary information through registration between pre- and intraprocedural images is a fundamental need in the IGI workflow. Intensity-based deformable registration, which is completely automatic and locally accurate, is a promising approach to achieve this alignment. These algorithms, however, are extremely compute intensive, which has prevented their clinical use. We present an FPGA-based architecture for accelerated implementation of intensity-based deformable image registration. This high-performance architecture achieves over an order of magnitude speedup when compared with a corresponding software implementation and reduces the execution time of deformable registration from hours to minutes while offering comparable image registration accuracy. Furthermore, we present a framework for multiobjective optimization of finite-precision implementations of signal processing algorithms that take

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Improved Radon Transform based method to quantify local stationarity

Improved Radon Transform based method to quantify local stat...

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Advance signal processing algorithms, Atchitectures, and implementations X

作者： Hedges, Robert A. Suter, Bruce W. Air Force Research Lab Rome United States

Establishing measures for local stationarity is an open problem in the field of time-frequency analysis. One promising theoretical measure, known as the spread, provides a means for quantifying potential correlation between signal elements. In this paper we investigate the issue of generalizing techniques developed by the authors to better estimate the spread of a signal. Existing techniques estimate the spread as the rectangular region of support of the associated expected ambiguity function oriented parallel to the axes. By applying Radon Transform techniques we can produce a parameterized model which describes the orientation of the region of support providing tighter estimates of the signal spread. Examples are provided that illustrate the enhancement of the new method.

关键词： signal processing

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