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Optimal and suboptimal detection of Gaussian signals in noise: Asymptotic relative efficiency

Optimal and suboptimal detection of Gaussian signals in nois...

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advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XV

作者： Sung, Youngchul Tong, Lang Poor, H. Vincent School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 Dept. of Electrical Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544

The performance of Bayesian detection of Gaussian signals using noisy observations is investigated via the error exponent for the average error probability. Under unknown signal correlation structure or limited processing capability it;is reasonable to use the simple quadratic detector that is optimal in the case of an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) signal. Using the large deviations principle, the performance of this detector (which is suboptimal for non-i.i.d. signals) is compared with that of the optimal detector for correlated signals via the asymptotic relative efficiency defined as the ratio between sample sizes of two detectors required for the same performance in the large-sample-size regime. The effects of SNR on the ARE are investigated. It is shown that the asymptotic efficiency of the simple quadratic detector relative to the optimal detector converges to one as the SNR increases without bound for any bounded spectrum, and that the simple quadratic detector performs as well as the optimal detector for a wide range of the correlation values at high SNR.

关键词： signal processing

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Scale and translation invariant shape and signal classification and detection

Scale and translation invariant shape and signal classificat...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations XIII

作者： Williams, WJ Univ Michigan Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

Highly sophisticated methods for detection and classification of signals and images are available. However, most of these methods are not robust to nonstationary variations such as imposed by Doppler effects or other forms of warping. Fourier methods handle time-shift or frequency shift variations in signals or spatial shifts in images. A number of methods have been developed to overcome these problems. In this paper we discuss some specific approaches that have been motivated by time-frequency analysis. Methodologies developed for images can often be profitably used for fime-frequency analysis as well, since these representations are essentially images. The scale transform introduced by Cohen can join Fourier transforms in providing robust representations. Scale changes are common in many signal and image scenarios. We call the representation which results from appropriate transformations of the object of interest the Scale and Translation Invariant Representation or STIR. The STIR method is summarized and results from machine diagnosis, radar, marine mammal sounds, TMJ sounds, speech and word spotting are discussed. Some of the limitations and variations of the method are discussed to provide a rationale for selection of particular elements of the method.

关键词： time-frequency analysis scale transforms pattern recognition radar machine monitoring biometrics word spotting target identification

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A high-speed implementation of manifold coordinate representations of hyperspectral imagery: A GPU-based approach to rapid nonlinear modeling

A high-speed implementation of manifold coordinate represent...

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Conference on algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery xvi

作者： Topping, T. Russell French, James Hancock, Monte F., Jr. Celestech Inc Phoenix AZ 85048 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819481597

Working with the Naval Research Laboratory, Celestech has implemented advanced non-linear hyperspectral image (HSI) processing algorithms optimized for Graphics processing Units (GPU). These algorithms have demonstrated performance improvements of nearly 2 orders of magnitude over optimal CPU-based implementations. The paper briefly covers the architecture of the NIVIDIA GPU to provide a basis for discussing GPU optimization challenges and strategies. The paper then covers optimization approaches employed to extract performance from the GPU implementation of Dr. Bachmann's algorithms including memory utilization and process thread optimization considerations. The paper goes on to discuss strategies for deploying GPU-enabled servers into enterprise service oriented architectures. Also discussed are Celestech's on-going work in the area of middleware frameworks to provide an optimized multi-GPU utilization and scheduling approach that supports both multiple GPUs in a single computer as well as across multiple computers. This paper is a complementary work to the paper submitted by Dr. Charles Bachmann entitled "A Scalable Approach to Modeling Nonlinear Structure in Hyperspectral Imagery and Other High-Dimensional Data Using Manifold Coordinate Representations". Dr. Bachmann's paper covers the algorithmic and theoretical basis for the HSI processing approach.

关键词： Hyperspectral Image processing Graphics processing Units GPU Non-linear

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Some significant communications processing realized with adaptive Bragg gratings

Some significant communications processing realized with ada...

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SPIE Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations VIII

作者： Upton, E Wickham, M Smith, M Hart, J Flynn, R Havstad, S Nachman, P TRW Co Inc Redondo Beach CA 90278 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

Higher data capacity demands and lower interference requirements in the wireless communications arena are exploiting higher carrier frequencies and wider modulation bandwidths. Circuitry which can perform intermediate frequency processing over these more demanding ranges is needed to provide complex signal processing without commercial penalties. Photonics technologies utilizing Bragg Grating signal processing (BGSP) can bridge the gap between the very high frequency RF millimeter wave integrated circuit (MIMIC) domains at the antenna interface and the CMOS digital signal processors at the base band frequency interface. The desirable benefits of multiple tap adaptive finite impulse response (FIR) and infinite impulse response (IIR) filters and equalizers are well known;however, they are usually the province of digital signal processing and force the sample rates prior to these processors to a higher overall system power consumption level. BGSP provides these functions with discrete taps and digital controls but at the bandwidths usually reserved for RF circuitry because the actual processing occurs at optical frequencies and at wave lengths which are compatible with integrated circuit technologies. The high performance benefits of photonic processing can be realized if the stability control of the Bragg grating is derived from the same metric which induces in photonics its sensitivity to drift. We will present a orthogonally coded tap modulation technique which stabilizes the transfer function of the signal processor and enables significant adaptive IF signal processing to be obtained with very low size, weight, and power. Our demonstration of a photonic proof-of-concept architecture is a reconfigurable multiple tap FIR filter that is dynamically controlled to perform low pass, high pass, band pass, and band stop filters operating over bandwidths of 3 GHz.

关键词： signal processing Fiber Bragg gratings Filtering (signal processing) Control systems Linear filtering Digital signal processing Optical filters Servomechanisms Modulators Electronic filtering

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Regression in sensor networks: Training distributively with alternating projections

Regression in sensor networks: Training distributively with ...

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advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XV

作者： Predd, Joel B. Kulkarni, Sanjeev R. Vincent Poor, H. Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ United States

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted considerable attention in recent years and motivate a host of new challenges for distributed signal processing. The problem of distributed or decentralized estimation has often been considered in the context of parametric models. However, the success of parametric methods is limited by the appropriateness of the strong statistical assumptions made by the models. In this paper, a more flexible nonparametric model for distributed regression is considered that is applicable in a variety of WSN applications including field estimation. Here, starting with the standard regularized kernel least-squares estimator, a message-passing algorithm for distributed estimation in WSNs is derived. The algorithm can be viewed as an instantiation of the successive orthogonal projection (SOP) algorithm. Various practical aspects of the algorithm are discussed and several numerical simulations validate the potential of the approach.

关键词： signal processing

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signal selection method of a directional diversity for VSB receiver

Signal selection method of a directional diversity for VSB r...

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advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XV

作者： Bae, Jae Hwui Kim, Juyeun Lim, Jong Soo Lee, Soo In Han, Dong Seok Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute Kyungpook National University

We propose an output signal selection method for the directional diversity in VSB receiver which is to improve the reception performance of VSB system in severe Rayleigh fading channel. The VSB system has only about 0.3% of known training signal for the receiver in a data field and the reception performance of VSB receiver is degraded significantly when there are near-0 dB ghosts in received signal. To overcome this problem, the directional diversity is suggested. In directional diversity the selection of an output signal with best channel condition in point of VSB equalizer is very important to improve VSB reception performance. For the selection of the optimal signal, we extracted channel profiles in time domain for all the signals by correlating the PN511 sequence in VSB field sync and selected one signal by comparing the channel profiles. The simulation results show that the proposed method selects a signal with the best channel condition among the signals, so the reception performance of the VSB system can be improved in severe Rayleigh channels.

关键词： signal receivers

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On the regularized solution of block banded block Toeplitz systems

On the regularized solution of block banded block Toeplitz s...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations X

作者： Bini, DA Farusi, A Fiorentino, G Meini, B Dipartimento Matemat I-56127 Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819437611

Given two n. x n Toeplitz matrices T-1 and T-2, and a vector b epsilon R-n2, consider the linear system Ax = b - eta, where eta epsilon R-n2 is an unknown vector representing the noise and A = T-1 x T-2. Recovering approximations of a, given A and b, is encountered in image restoration problems. We propose a method for the approximation of the solution a: that has good regularization properties. The algorithm is based on a modified version of Newton's iteration for matrix inversion and relies on the concept of approximate displacement rank. We provide a formal description of the regularization properties of Newton's iteration in terms of filters and determine bounds to the number of iterations that guarantee regularization. The method is extended to deal with more general systems where A = Sigma (h)(i=1) T-1((i)) x T-2((i)). The cost of computing regularized inverses is O(n log n) operations (ops), the cost of solving the system Ax = b is O(n(2) log n) ops. Numerical experiments which show the effectiveness of our algorithm are presented.

关键词： Band Toeplitz systems Newton's iteration regularization displacement rank image processing

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A DSP implementation of source location using microphone arrays 6

A DSP implementation of source location using microphone arr...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations VI

作者： Rabinkin, DV Renomeron, RJ Dahl, A French, JC Flanagan, JL Bianchi, MH RUTGERS STATE UNIV CTR COMP AIDS IND PRODPISCATAWAYNJ 08855

ISBN: (纸本)0819422347

The design, implementation, and performance of a low-cost, real-time DSP system for source location is discussed. The system consists of an 8-element electret microphone array connected to a signalogic DSP daughterboard hosted by a PC. The system determines the location of a speaker in the audience in an irregularly shaped auditorium. The auditorium presents a non-ideal acoustical environment;some of the walls are acoustically treated, but there still exists significant reverberation and a large amount of low frequency noise from fans in the ceiling. The source location algorithm is implemented in a two step process: The first step determines time delay of arrival (TDOA) for select microphone pairs. A modified version of the Cross-Power Spectrum Phase Method is used to compute TDOAs and is implemented on the DSP daughterboard. The second step uses the computed TDOAs in a least mean squares gradient descent search algorithm implemented on the PC to compute a location estimate. © 1996 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： microphone arrays speech source location real-time processing

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On second-order statistics-based blind equalization of FIR/IIR multiple-input multiple-output channels with common zeros

On second-order statistics-based blind equalization of FIR/I...

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SPIE Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations VIII

作者： Tugnait, JK Huang, B Auburn Univ Dept Elect Engn Auburn AL 36849 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

The problem of blind equalization of MIMO (multiple-input nultiple-output) communications channels is considered using the second-order statistics of the data. Such models arise when a single receiver data from multiple sources is fractionally sampled (assuming that there is excess bandwidth), or when an antenna array is used with or without fractional sampling. We focus on direct design of finite-length MMSE (minimum mean-square error) blind equalizers. We allow infinite impulse response (IIR) channels. Our approaches also work when the "subchannel" transfer functions have common zeros so long as the common zeros are minimum-phase zeros. We only require that the there exist a causal, stable left inverse (not necessarily unique) to the MIMO transfer function and that the leading coefficient matrix of the MIMO channel impulse response have its rank equal to the number of sources. The channel length or model orders need not be known. The sources are recovered up to a unitary mixing matrix and are further 'unmixed' using higher-order statistics of the data. An illustrative simulation example is provided.

关键词： spatio-temporal processing multiple-input multiple-output channels multiaccess systems blind equalization space diversity time diversity fractional sampling

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Design of a hybrid prefix adder for non-uniform input arrival times

Design of a hybrid prefix adder for non-uniform input arriva...

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Conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures and implementations XII

作者： Choi, Y Swartzlander, EE Univ Texas Elect & Comp Engn Dept Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819445584

This paper examines the design of a hybrid prefix adder under the condition of non-uniform input signal arrival. This is encountered in the final adder for fast parallel multipliers, which use column compression reduction. The prefix graph scheme efficiently accommodates the non-uniform arrival times. Rules are presented for designing hybrid prefix adders under such conditions. This rule produces adders which are faster and less complex than previous work.

关键词： prefix adder non-uniform input signal arrival parallel multipliers

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