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检索条件"任意字段=Algorithms and Systems for Optical Information Processing VI"

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USING PHYSICAL COLOR MODELS IN 3-D MACHINE viSION

USING PHYSICAL COLOR MODELS IN 3-D MACHINE VISION

引用

CONF ON PERCEIviNG, MEASURING, AND USING COLOR

作者： HEALEY, G Univ. of California/Irvine (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819402974

The evolutionary theory of color perception is described. It is based on three main propositions: 1) The physical nature of light and the environmental distributions of its information carrying parameters, 2) Constraints implied by the available biological material and physiological processes, and 3) The evolutionary tendency toward optimal usefulness for the survival of the species. The theory leads directly to the main properties of color perception: a) Newtonian color circle, metamers, additive and subtructive color mixtures, b) Adaptive (relativistic) transformations and color constancy (invariance), c) An operational procedure of color measurements. Among the major predictions are Lorentz type formulas for color transformations, and the explanation of two-color projections. Predictions based on color transformations will be demonstrated with a simple demonstration kit.

关键词： Image segmentation Sensors Image processing algorithms and systems Edge detection Image processing 3D modeling Detection and tracking algorithms Algorithm development Dielectrics Reflection

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A distributed sensor network structure with fault-tolerant facilities

A distributed sensor network structure with fault-tolerant f...

引用

Intelligent Control and Adaptive systems 1989

作者： Iyengar, S.S. Thomas, Daryl Department of Computer Science Louisiana State University Baton RougeLA70803 United States

In this paper, we discuss advanced architectures for distributed sensor networks. This includes the development of efficient algorithms for data-combination, noise removal, and information abstraction. Specifically, the we discuss the following issues in distributed signal processing: ∗ A new signal processing architecture for networking spatially distributed sensors. ∗ An improved method for integration of sensor information. ∗ Fault-tolerance capabilities within the proposed signal processing architecture. © 1990 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Signal processing

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SUBBAND IMAGE-CODING USING ENTROPY-CODED QUANTIZATION

SUBBAND IMAGE-CODING USING ENTROPY-CODED QUANTIZATION

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CONF ON IMAGE processing algorithms AND TECHNIQUES

作者： FARVARDIN, N TANABE, N Univ. of Maryland (United States) Univ. of Maryland (Japan)

ISBN: (纸本)0819402915

ABSTRACT In this paper we develop two entropy-coded subband image coding schemes. The difference between these schemes is the procedure used for encoding the lowest frequency subband: predictive coding is used in one system and transform coding in the other. Other subbands are encoded using zero-memory quantization. After a careful study of subband statistics, the quantization parameters, the corresponding Huffman codes and the bit allocation among subbands are all optimized. It is shown that both schemes perform considerably better than the scheme developed by Woods and O'Neil [2]. Roughly speaking, these new schemes perform the same as that in [2] at half the encoding rate. To make a complete comparison against the results in [2] , we have studied the performance of the two schemes developed here as well as that of [2] in the presence of channel noise. After developing a codeword packetization scheme, we demonstrate that the scheme in [2] exhibits significantly higher robustness against the transmission noise.

关键词： Computer programming Quantization Image compression Image processing Computing systems Image transmission Algorithm development Computer simulations information operations Receivers

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COMPARISON OF THE ALGEBRAIC RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE WITH THE MAXIMUM-ENTROPY RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE FOR A VARIETY OF DETECTION TASKS 4

COMPARISON OF THE ALGEBRAIC RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE WITH TH...

引用

CONF ON MEDICAL IMAGING 4 : IMAGE information

作者： MYERS, KJ HANSON, KM Ctr. for Devices and Radiological Health/FDA (United States) Los Alamos National Lab. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819402753

A method for comparing reconstruction algorithms is presented based on the ability to perform certain detection tasks on the resulting images. The reconstruction algorithms compared are the algebraic reconstruction technique (ART) and the maximum entropy reconstruction method (MaxEnt). Task performance is assessed through a Monte Carlo simulation of the complete imaging process, including the generation of a set of object scenes, followed by data-taking, reconstruction, and performance of the specified task by a machine observer. For these detection tasks the figure of merit used for comparison is the detectability index, d'. When each algorithm is run with approximately optimized parameters, these studies find comparable values for d'.

关键词： Reconstruction algorithms Signal detection Monte Carlo methods Image processing Medical imaging Image acquisition Imaging systems Optimization (mathematics) Computer simulations Detection and tracking algorithms

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IMAGE RECOGNITION AND LEARNING IN PARALLEL NETWORKS

IMAGE RECOGNITION AND LEARNING IN PARALLEL NETWORKS

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CONF ON NONLINEAR IMAGE processing

作者： RAGHAVAN, R ADAMS, FW NGUYEN, HT SLAWNY, J Lockheed Palo Alto Research Lab. (United States) Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)081940294X

We describe the design of an image-recognition system and its performance on multi-sensor imagery. The system satisfies a list of natural requirements, which includes locality of inferences (for efficient VLSI implementation), incorporation of prior knowledge, multi-level hierarchies, and iterative improvement. Two of the most important new features are: a uniform parallel architecture for low-, mid- and high- level vision; and achievement of recognition through short-, as opposed to its long-time behavior, of a dynamical system. Robustness depends on collective effects rather than high precision of the processing elements. The resulting network displays a balance of high speed and small size. We also indicate how this architecture is related to the Dempster-Shafer calculus for combining evidence from multiple sources, and present novel methods of learning in such networks, including one that addresses the integration of model-based and data-driven approaches.

关键词： Sensors Nonlinear image processing Dynamical systems information operations Data modeling Model-based design Calculus Detection and tracking algorithms Image processing Infrared imaging

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TARGET RECOGNITION IN PARALLEL NETWORKS

TARGET RECOGNITION IN PARALLEL NETWORKS

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1ST CONF ON APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

作者： RAGHAVAN, R ADAMS, FW NGUYEN, HT Lockheed Missiles and Space Co (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819403458

We describe the design of a target recognition system. The distinctive feature of this system is the integration of model-based and data-driven approaches to target recognition. This necessitates achievement of recognition through short-time behavior as opposed to longtime behavior of a dynamical system. The system also satisfies a list of natural requirements which includes locality of inferences (for efficient VLSI implementation) incorporation of prior knowledge multi-level hierarchies and iterative improvement. The architecture is uniformly parallel for low- and mid- as well as high-level vision. Robustness depends on collective effects rather than high precision of the processing elements. 1.

关键词： Sensors Artificial neural networks Target recognition Principal component analysis Detection and tracking algorithms information operations Image processing LIDAR Neural networks Dynamical systems

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FULL-FIELD VELOCITY IMAGING TECHNIQUE USING HIGH-ENERGY PULSED LASER VELOCIMETRY

FULL-FIELD VELOCITY IMAGING TECHNIQUE USING HIGH-ENERGY PULS...

引用

CONF ON IMAGE processing algorithms AND TECHNIQUES

作者： HASSAN, Y BLANCHAT, T HILD, R Texas A&M Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819402915

Digital Pulsed Laser Velocimetry (DPLV) is a novel full-field, two dimensional, noninvasive, quantitative flow visualization technique. The technique described here includes the use of direct digitization of the images for flow analysis using a high resolution imaging system. The image data is stored for further analysis by a series of new image processing and analysis software developed for flow experiments. The imaging processing and analysis software developed includes a compression program for reducing storage requirements of the image data to 10%. An image finding, smoothing, and defining program has also been developed. Analysis time has been greatly reduced and the software is now running on a PC/AT compatible. This program groups pixels that could logically be defined as one image, smooths that image and calculates important parameters for the image. In the technique images via a high resolution camera (1024 x 1024), ten consecutive frames of data, separated by a time increment of 150 ms, are recorded. Each of these ten frames contains the images of particles at that one instant of time. A third computer program is developed to match the image from each of the frames into tracks of the particles through time. The program uses a statistical technique to determine the best possible path of the fluid seeds. The ability of pulsed laser velocimetry with these image processing techniques to capture simultaneous and quantitative rather than qualitative information is its most important capability.

关键词： Particles Image processing Image resolution Cameras Laser velocimetry Data storage Image analysis Imaging systems Software development Pulsed laser operation

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SPHERE QUADTREES - A NEW DATA STRUCTURE TO SUPPORT THE viSUALIZATION OF SPHERICALLY DISTRIBUTED DATA

SPHERE QUADTREES - A NEW DATA STRUCTURE TO SUPPORT THE VISUA...

引用

CONF ON EXTRACTING MEANING FROM COMPLEX DATA : processing, DISPLAY, INTERACTION

作者： FEKETE, G TREINISH, L NASA/Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819403067

Most databases for spherically distributed data are not structured in a manner consistent with their geometry. As a result, such databases possess undesirable artifacts, including the introduction of "tears" in the data when they are mapped onto a flat file system. Furthermore, it is difficult to make queries about the topological relationship among the data components without performing real arithmetic. Therefore, a new representation for spherical data is introduced called the sphere quadree, which is based on the recursive subdivision of spherical triangles obtained by projecting the faces of an icosahedron onto a sphere. Sphere quadtrees allow the representation of data at multiple levels and arbitrary resolution. For actual data, such a hierarchical data structure provides the ability to correlate geographic data by providing a consistent reference among data sets of different resolutions or data that are not geographically registered. Furthermore, efficient search strategies can be easily implemented for the selection of data to be rendered or analyzed by a specific technique. In addition, sphere quadtrees offer significant potential for improving the accuracy and efficiency of spherical surface rendering algorithms as well as for spatial data management and geographic information systems.

关键词： optical spheres Spherical lenses Data modeling Data centers visualization Data processing Databases Solids Data storage Data archive systems

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Impact of data compression on reconnaissance systems

Impact of data compression on reconnaissance systems

引用

Airborne Reconnaissance XIV

作者： Green, William F. U.S. Air Force Wright Patterson AFB United States

Technology to implement very high speed digital signal processing has experienced rapid growth during the last decade. Techniques using this technology to reduce the data channel width required by an imaging reconnaissance system to achieve the timely transmission of data from sensor subsystems to remote exploitation subsystems are being developed at an increasing rate. The incorporation of these techniques into imaging reconnaissance systems promises payoffs in performance and co-operability with other collection systems within the restrictions imposed by existing and near-term projected data channels. This paper presents a summary overview of techniques available to designers using current technology. An analysis performed on a hypothetical system is used to illustrate the sensitivities of various algorithms to characteristics of and errors in individual system components;an analysis of the impact of the techniques considered on system performance. The techniques treated are restricted to lossy algorithms which preserve the essential imaging nature of the system to the end user i.e., the system output is in image form, not alphanumeric. Performance is defined as the ability of the system to collect and reconstruct scene image information. DPCM, ADPCM, and DCT compression techniques will be considered in the detailed treatment.

关键词： Data processing

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Image Communications and Workstations

Image Communications and Workstations

引用

Image Communications and Workstations

ISBN: (纸本)0819403059

Proceedings incorporates 22 papers that are grouped into four sessions. These deal with: image workstations;office/document processing;image analysis systems;and desktop system integration for the graphic arts. Topics considered include: algorithms, video-to-printing image resolution, page description language, optical imaging memory, color images, character generation, contour representation, color spaces, dataflow architecture, handwritten numerical verification, character recognition, fuzzy sets, gradient methods, image segmentation, document images, and geographic information system.

关键词： Image processing

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