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X-NEST: A Scalable, Flexible, and High-Performance network architecture for Distributed Machine Learning

JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2021年第13期39卷 4247-4254页

作者： Lu, Yunfeng Gu, Huaxi Yu, Xiaoshan Li, Peng Xidian Univ State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks Xian 710071 Peoples R China State Key Lab Math Engn & Adv Comp Wuxi 214125 Jiangsu Peoples R China

In a large-scale distributed machine learning system, the interconnection network between computing devices has an important impact on performance in the training of neural network models. The current expansion of training data and model size has led to a rapid increase in the number of computing devices used in distributed machine learning systems, which places higher demands on network scalability. In addition, the synchronization algorithms used for data exchange between computing devices have different communication topologies, and traditional electrical networks have difficulty matching them due to their fixed network topology. Neural network models and model partitioning methods can also affect the amount of communication between devices, but the overprovisioned bandwidth of traditional electric networks incurs unnecessary costs. To address these issues, we propose a scalable, flexible, and high-performance network architecture called X-NEST. The flexibility of optical switching devices allows X-NEST to dynamically change its topology and the number of links between devices according to traffic pattern variations, thereby improving network performance and resource utilization. Although changes in the connection relationships between devices depend on the controller, the simple and flexible control plane of X-NEST can quickly respond to network communication requirements. Extensive analytical simulations using different traffic patterns demonstrate that X-NEST copes well with the communication characteristics of various synchronization algorithms.

关键词： Synchronization optical switches Microswitches Topology network topology Micromechanical devices Parallel processing Data centers machine learning optical interconnects topology

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A Futuristic optical and Wireless Convergence network Towards 6G and Beyond

A Futuristic Optical and Wireless Convergence Network Toward...

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Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET), International Conference on

作者： Mlungisi Molefe Khulekani Sibiya Bakhe Nleya Dept. of Electronic and Computer Engineering Durban University of Technology Durban South Africa

ISBN: (数字)9798350395914

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395921

Emerging use cases and stringent requirements for 6G and beyond networks require new quantum leaps in mobile communication due to the demands of higher throughput, extensive bandwidth requirements, ultra-low latency and massive number of connected devices. The advancement in wireless communications and the advancement in optical networks will be essential in addressing the demands for future mobile networks by providing an innovative infrastructure for 6G and beyond networks. To support stringent requirements for 6G networks and beyond, new innovative technologies and systems are required that will combine optical and wireless networks. An innovative approach of converging optical and wireless networks promises to improve the network into new heights by creating a smart world with beyond-human cognitive communication capacity and speed, improved network scalability and enhanced energy efficiency. Research has shown that a promising architecture to achieve this goal, and cater for extremely high bandwidth and extremely low latency requirements is based on an all-Photonics network. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an all-Photonics network for the future to address bandwidth limitations, latency issues and massive connectivity. Furthermore, we propose an evolved infrastructure or architecture converging optical and wireless networks. Potential benefits for the evolved infrastructure are also discussed.

关键词： 6G mobile communication Integrated optics Wireless networks Ultraviolet sources Scalability Computer architecture Bandwidth optical fiber networks Throughput Low latency communication

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Generative Adversarial networks for Domain Translation in Unpaired Breast DCE-MRI Datasets 4th

Generative Adversarial Networks for Domain Translation in Un...

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4th International Conference on Deep Learning Theory and Applications (DeLTA)

作者： Galli, Antonio Gravina, Michela Marrone, Stefano Sansone, Carlo Univ Naples Federico II Dept Elect Engn & Informat Technol DIETI Naples Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031390586;9783031390593

Generative Adversarial networks (GAN) are more and more gaining attention in the computer vision domain thanks to their ability to generate synthetic data, in particular in the context of domain adaptation and image-to-image translation. These properties are attracting the medical community too, in order to solve some complex biomedical challenges, such as the translation between different medical imaging acquisition protocols. Indeed, as the actual acquisition protocol is strongly dependent on factors such as the operator, the aim, the centre, etc., gathering cohorts of patients all sharing the same typology of imaging is an open challenge. In this paper, we propose to face this problem by using a GAN to realise a domain translation architecture in the case of breast Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI), considering two different acquisition protocols, in the context of automatic lesion classification. Despite this work wanting to be a first step toward artificial data generation in the medical domain, the obtained results have been analysed from both a quantitative and qualitative point of view, in order to evaluate the correctness and quality of the proposed architecture as well as its usability in a clinical scenario.

关键词： Breast MRI Generative adversarial networks Image-to-image translation

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Simulation modeling methods for LEO satellite communication system 2

Simulation modeling methods for LEO satellite communication ...

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2nd International Conference on Electronic Information Engineering, Big Data, and Computer Technology, EIBDCT 2023

作者： Wu, Zhiqiang Wang, Ru Jia, Zhenhua Zhu, Xiaohui Institute of Telecommunication and Navigation Satellites CAST. Innovation Center of Satellite Communication System CNSA Beijing China Military Representative Bureau of Equipment Department Aerospace Systems Department Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510664968

The LEO satellite constellation communication system integrating with the existing ground 5G system is an extremely complex system engineering. Therefore, it is necessary to build a simulation and evaluation system to provide technology supports for multiple stages of the engineering construction, including design demonstration stage, operation management stage and on-orbit application stage. One of the most important tasks of building a simulation system is modeling the key components of the constellation system. Based on the unique properties of LEO satellite constellation and some important factors affecting communication performance, the satellite, gateway, core network, system control center, terminal and radio channel were modeling with a proper simulation granularity. We focus on the model architecture and functional compositions supporting payload service simulation, and detail the modeling process of the inter-satellite laser link affecting the entire satellite network performance, as well as giving the modeling methods of laser capture and spot alignment. The influences of satellite orbit and attitude on the optical inter-satellite link were put into considerations, which is consistent with the actual working status when satellites are on orbit. The modeling methods are efficient for improving the credibility of the simulation and evaluation results of the LEO satellite constellation system. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Orbits

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A Machine-Learning architecture for Sensor Fault Detection, Isolation, and Accommodation in Digital Twins

A Machine-Learning Architecture for Sensor Fault Detection, ...

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作者： Darvishi, Hossein Ciuonzo, Domenico Rossi, Pierluigi Salvo Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic Systems Trondheim 7491 Norway École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS4) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland University of Naples Federico Ii Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies (DIETI) Naples 80125 Italy Sintef Energy Research Department of Gas Technology Trondheim 7491 Norway

Sensor technologies empower Industry 4.0 by enabling integration of in-field and real-time raw data into digital twins (DTs). However, sensors might be unreliable due to inherent issues and/or environmental conditions. This article aims at detecting anomalies instantaneously in measurements from sensors, identifying the faulty ones and accommodating them with appropriate estimated data, thus paving the way to reliable DTs. More specifically, a real-time general machine-learning-based architecture for sensor validation is proposed, built upon a series of neural-network estimators and a classifier. Estimators correspond to virtual sensors of all unreliable sensors (to reconstruct normal behavior and replace the isolated faulty sensor within the system), whereas the classifier is used for detection and isolation tasks. A comprehensive statistical analysis on three different real-world datasets is conducted and the performance of the proposed architecture is validated under hard and soft synthetically generated faults. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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Integration of Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial networks for Automotive: Challenges and perspectives within the S11 RESTART project

Integration of Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks for ...

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2023 AEIT International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive, AEIT AUTOMOTIVE 2023

作者： Grieco, L.A. Piro, G. Petrosino, A. Morosi, S. Guidotti, A. Tarchi, D. Vanelli-Coralli, A. Cianca, E. Ruggieri, M. Salvo, P. Matera, F. Petrini, V. Valbonesi, S. Politecnico di Bari Italy University of Firenze Italy CNIT Italy University of Bologna Bologna Italy University of Tor Vergata Rome Italy Fondazione Ugo Bordoni Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9788887237573

The Integrated Terrestrial And Non-Terrestrial networks (ITA NTN) project, in the framework of the PNRR Research Program, is here described;it will study the integration of Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial networks, where space network entities cooperate with conventional and emerging terrestrial communication architectures to provide ubiquitous, resilient, and three-dimensional wireless connectivity around the world, supporting heterogeneous services (e.g., improving better coverage, user experience, system capacity, service reliability, and availability, as well as offering high-speed connectivity in remote sites or in disaster-Affected areas). As a result, ITA NTN project will contribute to the definition of specific network architectures to support, among other application scenarios, the whole world of the Automotive as assistant to the drive, monitoring of the transportation infrastructures including maritime and railways. © 2023 AEIT.

关键词： network architecture

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Elastic RF-optical networking: a Photonic-Aided Radio Access networking architecture for mmW communication systems

Elastic RF-Optical Networking: a Photonic-Aided Radio Access...

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作者： Lu, Hongbo University of California Davis

学位级别：Ph.D.

The radio access network (RAN) connected by fiber optics is the backbone of daily cellular internet connectivity. The demand for faster connection pushes the wireless communication to millimeter-wave (mmW) frequency for a broader spectrum window. However, a direct migration to the mmW spectrum with the current RAN architecture leads to power consumption issues and requires excessive hardware resources. These challenges call for an architecture rethinking of the RAN system. This dissertation proposes Elastic RF-optical networking (ERON) as an energy-efficient resource-elastic RAN solution to support mmW networks. Building on top of the Centralized RAN scheme, the ERON architecture innovates in three areas: 1. ERON uses photonic signal processing to enable mmW multi-spatial division accessing and delivers energy efficiency and system scalability to the RAN systems. 2. ERON adopts Radio-over-Fiber technology for RAN fronthaul link signal distribution that simplifies the complexities of network reconfigurability with a converged RF-optical resource control and management plane. 3. ERON designs the data units with Software-Defined network which can orchestrate a shared resource pool for efficient network resource utilization. We conducted a quantitative analysis, experiment demonstrations, and numerical simulations to show that the ERON architecture is a promising solution to the RAN design to support energy-efficient and highly-elastic mmW wireless networks with a converged design of optical, RF, and software design.

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Energy Management System of Smart Dormitory Based on LoRaWAN network

Energy Management System of Smart Dormitory Based on LoRaWAN...

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2022 International Conference on Computer Graphics, Artificial Intelligence, and Data Processing, ICCAID 2022

作者： Yin, Han Xu, Jian Li, Ming Ze Deng, Ding Wen Department of Computer Science Private HuaLian College Guangzhou510663 China Front-end Development Department Laituo Intelligent Technology Co. Ltd. Guangzhou510653 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510663350

In recent years, with the emergence of the concept of smart campus, it is more and more urgent to build a smart dormitory energy management system in colleges and universities. In this paper, LoRaWAN wireless communication technology architecture is adopted to develop a smart dormitory energy management system, which realizes automatic collection of electricity meter information and intelligent control of air-conditioning equipment, and solves the problems of inefficiency and error in previous manual operation. Through the field operation, all parameters meet the design requirements, and the actual needs of colleges and universities can be well met. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Energy management systems

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A Generalized Dimming control Scheme for Visible Light communications

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON communicationS 2021年第3期69卷 1845-1857页

作者： Yang, Yang Wang, Congcong Feng, Chunyan Guo, Caili Cheng, Julian Zeng, Zhimin Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Informat & Commun Engn Beijing Key Lab Network Syst Architecture & Conve Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Informat & Commun Engn Beijing Lab Adv Informat Networks Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Univ British Columbia Fac Appl Sci Sch Engn Kelowna BC V1V 1V7 Canada

A novel dimming control scheme, termed as generalized dimming control (GDC), is proposed for visible light communication (VLC) systems. The basic idea of GDC is to exploit adaptively time, spatial and signal domain resources for enhancing communication performance under practical illumination constraints. In particular, to satisfy the illumination constraints, an incremental algorithm for index mapping is first proposed to achieve target optical power and uniform illumination. Next, GDC having the optimal activation pattern is investigated to improve the bit-error rate (BER) performance of VLC. In particular, the BER performance of GDC is analyzed using the union bound technique. Based on the analytical BER bound, the optimal activation pattern of GDC scheme having the minimum BER criterion (GDC-MBER) is obtained by exhaustively searching all conditional pairwise error probabilities. However, since GDC-MBER requires high search complexity, two low-complexity GDC schemes having the maximum free distance criterion (GDC-MFD) are proposed. The first low-complexity GDC-MFD scheme, termed as GDC-MFD1, is derived by a lower bound of the free distance using the Rayleigh-Ritz theorem. The second low-complexity GDC-MFD scheme, termed as GDC-MFD2, is proposed to reduce further the computation by exploiting the time-invariance characteristics of the VLC channel. Simulation and numerical results show that GDC-MBER, GDC-MFD1 and GDC-MFD2 have similar BER performance, and they can achieve more than 3 dB SNR gains compared with conventional dimming control schemes for a BER of 10(-4) and a dimming level of 50%.

关键词： Light emitting diodes Visible light communication Indexes optical transmitters Lighting optical receivers optical variables control communication MIMO systems signal design

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Design and Prototype Implementation of Software-Defined Radio Over Fiber

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IEEE ACCESS 2021年 9卷 72793-72807页

作者： Ishioka, Takumasa Aiura, Kazuki Shiina, Ryota Fukui, Tatsuya Taniguchi, Tomohiro Narikawa, Satoshi Minami, Katsuya Kizaki, Kazuhiro Fujihashi, Takuya Watanabe, Takashi Saruwatari, Shunsuke Osaka Univ Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Osaka 5650871 Japan NTT Corp NTT Access Network Serv Syst Labs Tokyo 1808585 Japan

Future networks require a high degree of flexibility over wide areas to enable many services that require higher quality wireless networks such as remote control of cars and remote surgery. Therefore, the network technology must combine high capacity, low latency, and flexibility. To deal with these requirements, we developed Software-Defined Radio over Fiber (SD-RoF), which is an architecture that tightly couples light and radio at a low cost. SD-RoF offers the following two key features: elastic wireless service and elastic bidirectional passthrough. The elastic wireless service provides users with access to wireless services that they need at any time in any place. The elastic bidirectional passthrough connects two remotely located points via RoF through radio waves and enables allowing for bidirectional radio communication between devices at each location. In this study, we design and prototype implementation of SD-RoF, and conduct a basic evaluation of the implemented circuit and demonstration experiments on elastic bidirectional passthrough. Through demonstration experiments, we found the feasibility and the challenges of SD-RoF. In addition, the deployment of SD-RoF, application scenarios, and operational issues are discussed.

关键词： Wireless communication optical switches Transceivers Wireless networks optical fiber networks Aerospace electronics Prototypes Wireless access networks radio over fiber software-defined networks

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